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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-06-10
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Thesis , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-09-10
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2021-09-29
    Beschreibung: Atlantic Water (AW), which is transported northward by the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC), partly recirculates (i.e., turns westward) in Fram Strait. This determines how much heat and salt reaches the Arctic Ocean, and how much joins the East Greenland Current on its southward path. We describe the AW recirculation's location, seasonality, and mesoscale variability by analyzing the first observations from moored instruments at five latitudes in central Fram Strait, spanning a period from August 2016 to July 2018. We observe recirculation on the prime meridian at 78°50’N and 80°10’N, respectively south and north of the Molloy Hole, and no recirculation further south at 78°10’N and further north at 80°50’N. At a fifth mooring location northwest of the Molloy Hole at 79°30’N, we observe some influence of the two recirculation pathways. The southern recirculation is observed as a continuous westward flow that carries AW throughout the year, though it may be subject to broadening and narrowing. It is affected by eddies in spring, likely due to the seasonality of mesoscale instability in the WSC. The northern recirculation is observed solely as passing eddies on the prime meridian, which are strongest during late autumn and winter, and absent during summer. This seasonality is likely affected both by the conditions set by the WSC and by the sea ice. Open ocean eddies originating from the WSC interact with the sea ice edge when they subduct below the fresher, colder water.
    Beschreibung: Plain Language Summary: West of Spitsbergen, the so‐called West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) carries relatively warm water towards the Arctic Ocean. Part of this water turns westward before it reaches the Arctic Ocean. Another current transports it back south along the Greenland shelf. We look at observations of temperature, salinity, and flow velocity from two years in the region. We find that the warm water flows westwards at two latitudes. At 78°50’N it flows westwards throughout the year, but is affected by eddies in the ocean during spring. These eddies also carry warm water westwards and likely originate from the WSC. At 80°10’N, the warm water passes only over periods of a few days, and only during late autumn, winter, and spring. That means that we do not observe the warm water flowing westwards at this latitude, but only eddies that carry it westwards. These eddies also originate from the WSC, and their properties likely change, when they meet the ice edge and have to push underneath.
    Beschreibung: Key Points: We present the first multi‐year mooring‐based observations of the Atlantic Water recirculation at the prime meridian. At 78°50’N we observe a continuous westward flow, present throughout the year and most affected by eddies in spring. At 80°10′N we only observe passing eddies, which are strongest during late autumn and winter, and absent during summer.
    Beschreibung: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Beschreibung: Helmholtz Infrastructure Initiative FRAM
    Schlagwort(e): 551.46
    Materialart: map
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-20
    Beschreibung: The MacArtney Triaxus extended version is a remotely operated towed vehicle (ROTV). It is towed behind the ship between 2 and 10 knots and can undulate in a saw tooth pattern between a few meters below the surface and 350m depth. The umbilical provides power and a fiber optic link to sensors that are mounted on the Triaxus (see SensorWeb). The different data streams require separate processing. Here we report the data from the Seabird 911+ dual pumped CTD system mounted on the Triaxus. The provided data are 0.5 second or 0.5 meter averages. The operations included profiling mode and constant depth mode. Depth data comes from the CTD's pressure sensor. Position data (latitude, longitude) comes from the ship's GPS system and is corrected for the length of the umbilical behind the ship. Standard Seabird Data processing (SBE Data Processing) were applied. A front in the open ocean region in the vicinity of the ice edge in Fram Strait was searched for with a ~100km long constant depth Triaxus transect on July 8. When a front had been found, it was surveyed in 3D by parallel UCTD sections and drifters were deployed. The front was followed until July 16 with the repeat of parallel UCTD and Triaxus sections. In total 17 sections were occupied with the Triaxus.
    Schlagwort(e): AC3; Arctic Amplification; Attenuation, optical beam transmission; AWI_PhyOce; CTD-TRIAXUS; DATE/TIME; Density, sigma-theta (0); DEPTH, water; Event label; Fluorometer; FRAM; Fram Strait; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; GPF 18-1_33; Iceland Sea; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Maria S. Merian; MSM93; MSM93_103-1; MSM93_103-2; MSM93_105-1; MSM93_105-2; MSM93_106-1; MSM93_21-1; MSM93_49-1; MSM93_71-1; MSM93_97-1; MSM93_97-2; North Greenland Sea; Number of observations; Oxygen; Oxygen saturation; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Pressure, water; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, potential; TOPR; Towed Ocean Profiler; Triaxus
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9056033 data points
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  • 5
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-20
    Beschreibung: The MacArtney Triaxus extended version is a remotely operated towed vehicle (ROTV). It is towed behind the ship between 2 and 10 knots and can undulate in a saw tooth pattern between a few meters below the surface and 350m depth. The umbilical provides power and a fiber optic link to sensors that are mounted on the Triaxus (see SensorWeb). The data collected by the sensors were recorded on separate computers, one computer per sensor (including the flight information from the Triaxus itself). Thus, there are 7 separate data streams saved in separate folders plus a folder with metadata information about the different dives. During long Triaxus operations, new data files would be started approximately every 4 hours, because some of the employed software programs do not allow for backing up of the files while they are still being written to. A front in the open ocean region in the vicinity of the ice edge in Fram Strait was searched for with a ~100km long constant depth Triaxus transect on July 8. When a front had been found, it was surveyed in 3D by parallel UCTD sections and drifters were deployed. The front was followed until July 16 with the repeat of parallel UCTD and Triaxus sections. In total 17 sections were occupied with the Triaxus.
    Schlagwort(e): AC3; Arctic Amplification; AWI_PhyOce; Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); File content; FRAM; Fram Strait; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; GPF 18-1_33; Iceland Sea; Maria S. Merian; MSM93; MSM93_103-1; MSM93_103-2; MSM93_105-1; MSM93_105-2; MSM93_106-1; MSM93_21-1; MSM93_49-1; MSM93_71-1; MSM93_97-1; MSM93_97-2; North Greenland Sea; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; TOPR; Towed Ocean Profiler; Triaxus
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16 data points
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  • 6
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-20
    Beschreibung: The 75kHz and the 38kHz Teledyne Ocean Surveyor ADCPs built into the hull of RV MERIAN were operated continuously during MSM93 when in waters where diplomatic clearances existed. The data recording was restarted more than once a day to ease subsequent data processing. In the beginning of the cruise various different settings were tried out (see auxiliary information in this data set and information in cruise report). In particular, the 75kHz ADCP was programmed to record vertical bins of 4m size. The goal was to get an increased vertical resolution. However, this was switched back to 8m bins on July 5 in order to achieve a better signal to noise ratio.
    Schlagwort(e): AC3; Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler; ADCP; Arctic Amplification; AWI_PhyOce; FRAM; Fram Strait; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; GPF 18-1_33; Maria S. Merian; MSM93; MSM93_0_Underway-2; North Sea; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; VM-ADCP
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5.6 GBytes
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  • 7
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-20
    Beschreibung: Ocean microstructure profiles were collected using an MSS (Microstructure Sensor Profiler, Sea&Sun Technology, Germany) profiler during the Polarstern PS131 cruise, ATWAICE (28 June – 17 August 2022), from ice floes and from the ship. This dataset includes 1) the raw binary data in the instrument-specific MRD files and 2) the full-resolution time series from each channel converted into physical units with no further data processing applied (NetCDF, NC files). A set of two files (MRD and NC) is supplied per profile. The converted data are prepared following the SCOR Working Group ATOMIX guidelines and convention, corresponding to their Level 1. In total, 196 raw data files (cast004 to 199) are submitted. Casts 1 to 3 were from another profiler which flooded and the data are not useful. Out of 196 profiles, 16 were collected from the ship and 180 from sea ice. Of the 196 profile attempts, 10 were aborted, but all files are delivered for completeness. Please see the detailed log spreadsheet for stations and comments in the NC files. Throughout the cruise, the instrument functioned well, except the vibration sensor did not work and the fast thermistor channel produced a cut-off at low end, probably for output that exceeded the range of the A/D converter of the probe. In the later part of the cruise, episodic data transmission errors were encountered. The profiler used was MSS90L (SN 097), a loosely-tethered free-fall instrument equipped with two airfoil probes aligned parallel to each other, a fast-tip thermistor (FP07), an acceleration sensor (for body vibration measurements), conventional CTD sensors for precision measurements, a Turner Design Cyclops-7 in Vivo Chlorophyll/Blue sensor for ChlA fluorescence and a SST-DO, fast optical dissolved oxygen sensor. All channels were sampled at 512 Hz. The instrument was ballasted for a typical fall speed of 0.5 m s-1. The shear probes used were type PNS6, serial numbers C6258 (sensitivity 3.54e-04 at 21C, SHE1) and C6259 (sensitivity 3.99e-4 at 21C, SHE2). A temperature correction for the sensitivity was applied using the average in situ temperature, TM, as (1-0.011*(TC-TM)), where TC=21C. The same sensors were used throughout the cruise and the sensors point downward when the instrument profiles vertically. The deployment of the MSS from the ship was done from the starboard side. Because of the keel of the ship, the upper 15 m of dissipation rate profiles from the ship should be excluded in post-processing. The deployment from sea ice was typically by using a Nansen sled, through a hole, located approximately 100 -250 m away from the ship. The upper 2 m of the dissipation profiles from ice should be excluded in post-processing.
    Schlagwort(e): Arctic Ocean; ATWAICE; Binary Object; Cast number; Comment; DATE/TIME; Event label; File content; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; microstructure; Microstructure Profiler; mixing; MSSP; Polarstern; PS131; PS131_109-1_1; PS131_109-1_2; PS131_109-1_3; PS131_109-1_4; PS131_109-1_5; PS131_109-1_6; PS131_109-1_7; PS131_109-1, Floe Fast-ice; PS131_47-1_1; PS131_47-1_2; PS131_47-1_3; PS131_47-1_4; PS131_47-1_5; PS131_47-1_6; PS131_47-1_7; PS131_47-1, Floe North Visit 1; PS131_48-1_1; PS131_48-1_10; PS131_48-1_11; PS131_48-1_12; PS131_48-1_13; PS131_48-1_2; PS131_48-1_3; PS131_48-1_4; PS131_48-1_5; PS131_48-1_6; PS131_48-1_7; PS131_48-1_8; PS131_48-1_9; PS131_48-1, Floe South Visit 1; PS131_49-1_1; PS131_49-1_10; PS131_49-1_11; PS131_49-1_12; PS131_49-1_13; PS131_49-1_2; PS131_49-1_3; PS131_49-1_4; PS131_49-1_5; PS131_49-1_6; PS131_49-1_7; PS131_49-1_8; PS131_49-1_9; PS131_49-1, Floe Middle Visit 1; PS131_56-1_1; PS131_56-1_2; PS131_56-1, 56_01; PS131_57-1_1; PS131_57-1, 057_01; PS131_57-8_1; PS131_57-8, 057_08; PS131_61-1_1; PS131_61-1, 061_01; PS131_61-8_1; PS131_61-8, 061_08; PS131_65-7_1; PS131_65-7, 065_07; PS131_67-1_1; PS131_67-1_2; PS131_67-1_3; PS131_67-1_4; PS131_67-1_5; PS131_67-1_6; PS131_67-1_7; PS131_67-1_8; PS131_67-1, Floe North Visit 2; PS131_68-1_1; PS131_68-1_2; PS131_68-1_3; PS131_68-1_4; PS131_68-1_5; PS131_68-1_6; PS131_68-1_7; PS131_68-1_8; PS131_68-1, Floe South Visit 2; PS131_69-1_1; PS131_69-1_2; PS131_69-1, 069_01; PS131_69-6_1; PS131_69-6, 069_06; PS131_70-1_1; PS131_70-1_2; PS131_70-1_3; PS131_70-1_4; PS131_70-1_5; PS131_70-1_6; PS131_70-1_7; PS131_70-1, Floe Middle Visit 2; PS131_84-1_1; PS131_84-1_10; PS131_84-1_11; PS131_84-1_12; PS131_84-1_13; PS131_84-1_14; PS131_84-1_15; PS131_84-1_16; PS131_84-1_17; PS131_84-1_18; PS131_84-1_19; PS131_84-1_2; PS131_84-1_20; PS131_84-1_21; PS131_84-1_22; PS131_84-1_23; PS131_84-1_24; PS131_84-1_25; PS131_84-1_26; PS131_84-1_27; PS131_84-1_28; PS131_84-1_29; PS131_84-1_3; PS131_84-1_30; PS131_84-1_31; PS131_84-1_32; PS131_84-1_33; PS131_84-1_34; PS131_84-1_35; PS131_84-1_36; PS131_84-1_37; PS131_84-1_38; PS131_84-1_39; PS131_84-1_4; PS131_84-1_40; PS131_84-1_41; PS131_84-1_42; PS131_84-1_43; PS131_84-1_44; PS131_84-1_45; PS131_84-1_46; PS131_84-1_47; PS131_84-1_48; PS131_84-1_49; PS131_84-1_5; PS131_84-1_50; PS131_84-1_51; PS131_84-1_52; PS131_84-1_53; PS131_84-1_54; PS131_84-1_55; PS131_84-1_56; PS131_84-1_57; PS131_84-1_58; PS131_84-1_59; PS131_84-1_6; PS131_84-1_60; PS131_84-1_61; PS131_84-1_62; PS131_84-1_63; PS131_84-1_64; PS131_84-1_65; PS131_84-1_66; PS131_84-1_67; PS131_84-1_68; PS131_84-1_69; PS131_84-1_7; PS131_84-1_70; PS131_84-1_71; PS131_84-1_72; PS131_84-1_73; PS131_84-1_74; PS131_84-1_8; PS131_84-1_9; PS131_84-1, Floe 24h; PS131_87-3_1; PS131_87-3, 087_03; PS131_87-8_1; PS131_87-8, 087_08; PS131_88-4_1; PS131_88-4, 088_04; PS131_89-1_1; PS131_89-1_10; PS131_89-1_11; PS131_89-1_12; PS131_89-1_13; PS131_89-1_14; PS131_89-1_15; PS131_89-1_16; PS131_89-1_17; PS131_89-1_18; PS131_89-1_19; PS131_89-1_2; PS131_89-1_20; PS131_89-1_21; PS131_89-1_22; PS131_89-1_3; PS131_89-1_4; PS131_89-1_5; PS131_89-1_6; PS131_89-1_7; PS131_89-1_8; PS131_89-1_9; PS131_89-1, Floe North Visit 3; PS131_91-3_1; PS131_91-3_2; PS131_91-3, 091_03; PS131_91-7_1; PS131_91-7, 091_07; PS131_92-1_1; PS131_92-1_2; PS131_92-1_3; PS131_92-1_4; PS131_92-1_5; PS131_92-1, Floe South Visit 3; PS131_93-1_1; PS131_93-1_10; PS131_93-1_11; PS131_93-1_12; PS131_93-1_13; PS131_93-1_14; PS131_93-1_15; PS131_93-1_16; PS131_93-1_2; PS131_93-1_3; PS131_93-1_4; PS131_93-1_5; PS131_93-1_6; PS131_93-1_7; PS131_93-1_8; PS131_93-1_9; PS131_93-1, Floe Middle Visit 3; PS131_94-3_1; PS131_94-3, 094_03; PS131_94-7_1; PS131_94-7_2; PS131_94-7, 094_07; shear probes; Station label; turbulence; turbulence dissipation rate
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1973 data points
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  • 8
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-20
    Beschreibung: The Teledyne Underway CTD was operated in tow-yo mode: the winch brake is disengaged and the probe is in approximate free-fall at 4m/s to 1m/s vertical speed collecting data for a cast. Then the brake is engaged and the probe is hauled in until it is within 10m horizontal behind the vessel at the sea surface. The winch is then disengaged and the next cast starts. A straight section is collected with the same probe in the water. At the end of the section, the probe is recovered. The data is recorded internally on the probe and only read out once the probe is back on deck. A front in the open ocean region in the vicinity of the ice edge in Fram Strait was searched for with a ~100km long constant depth Triaxus transect on July 8. When a front had been found, it was surveyed in 3D by parallel UCTD sections and drifters were deployed. The front was followed until July 16 with the repeat of parallel UCTD and Triaxus sections. During one UCTD section, an operator error resulted in the fact that the probe appeared to have been started while in fact it had not been started before deployment. In total 21 sections were occupied excluding the section where no data was recorded (station MSM93_62-1).
    Schlagwort(e): AC3; Arctic Amplification; AWI_PhyOce; CTD, underway; CTD-UW; FRAM; Fram Strait; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; GPF 18-1_33; Maria S. Merian; MSM93; MSM93_53-1; MSM93_54-1; MSM93_55-1; MSM93_60-1; MSM93_62-1; MSM93_63-1; MSM93_64-1; MSM93_65-1; MSM93_79-1; MSM93_80-1; MSM93_82-1; MSM93_83-1; MSM93_85-1; MSM93_87-1; MSM93_87-2; MSM93_89-1; MSM93_91-1; MSM93_93-1; MSM93_94-1; MSM93_95-1; North Greenland Sea; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; underway CTD
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 14.3 MBytes
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  • 9
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-20
    Beschreibung: The Teledyne Underway CTD was operated in tow-yo mode: the winch brake is disengaged and the probe is in approximate free-fall at 4m/s to 1m/s vertical speed collecting data for a cast. Then the brake is engaged and the probe is hauled in until it is within 10m horizontal behind the vessel at the sea surface. The winch is then disengaged and the next cast starts. A straight section is collected with the same probe in the water. At the end of the section, the probe is recovered. The data is recorded internally on the probe and only read out once the probe is back on deck. Here we provide 1 m vertically averaged data from the downcasts. The processing follows Ullman and Hebert: “Processing of Underway CTD Data”, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology (2014), https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-13-00200.1. A front in the open ocean region in the vicinity of the ice edge in Fram Strait was searched for with a ~100km long constant depth Triaxus transect on July 8. When a front had been found, it was surveyed in 3D by parallel UCTD sections and drifters were deployed. The front was followed until July 16 with the repeat of parallel UCTD and Triaxus sections. During one UCTD section, an operator error resulted in the fact that the probe appeared to have been started while in fact it had not been started before deployment. In total 21 sections were occupied excluding the section where no data was recorded (station MSM93_62-1).
    Schlagwort(e): AC3; Arctic Amplification; AWI_PhyOce; Calculated; CTD, underway; CTD/Rosette; CTD-RO; CTD-UW; DATE/TIME; Density, sigma-theta (0); DEPTH, water; DRIFT; Drifter; Event label; FRAM; Fram Strait; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; GPF 18-1_33; LATITUDE; LONGITUDE; Maria S. Merian; MSM93; MSM93_53-1; MSM93_54-1; MSM93_55-1; MSM93_56-1; MSM93_60-1; MSM93_63-1; MSM93_64-1; MSM93_65-1; MSM93_80-1; MSM93_81-1; MSM93_82-1; MSM93_83-1; MSM93_85-1; MSM93_87-1; MSM93_87-2; MSM93_89-1; MSM93_91-1; MSM93_93-1; MSM93_94-1; MSM93_95-1; North Greenland Sea; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Pressure, water; Salinity; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, potential; underway CTD
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 316450 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-20
    Beschreibung: The MacArtney Triaxus extended version is a remotely operated towed vehicle (ROTV). It is towed behind the ship between 2 and 10 knots and can undulate in a saw tooth pattern between a few meters below the surface and 350m depth. The umbilical provides power and a fiber optic link to sensors that are mounted on the Triaxus (see SensorWeb). The data collected by the sensors were recorded on separate computers, one computer per sensor (including the flight information from the Triaxus itself). Thus, there are 7 separate data streams saved in separate folders plus a folder with metadata information about the different dives. During long Triaxus operations, new data files would be started approximately every 4 hours, because some of the employed software programs do not allow for backing up of the files while they are still being written to. A heavy weight (depressor) was employed directly behind the ship to pull the umbilical below the water line before sea ice can close in behind the ship. In addition to a few test dives, three transects across the marginal ice zone north of Svalbard (Yermak Plateau) were collected on PS131 in July/August 2022.
    Schlagwort(e): Arctic Ocean; ATWAICE; AWI_PhyOce; Binary Object; Binary Object (File Size); File content; FRAM; Fram Strait; FRontiers in Arctic marine Monitoring; Physical Oceanography @ AWI; Polarstern; PS131; PS131_117-1; PS131_18-1; PS131_36-2; PS131_52-1; PS131_55-1; PS131_64-1; PS131_86-1; PS131_90-1; PS131_95-1; TOPR; Towed Ocean Profiler; Triaxus
    Materialart: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 16 data points
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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