Keywords:
Photoreceptors.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
Photoreceptor Cells, Volume 15 covers the advances in the study of photoreceptor cells. The book discusses biochemical, cell and structural biological, and molecular biological techniques needed for the study of photoreceptor cells. The text also describes the methods for observing the structure of photoreceptor cells and for studying their metabolism. The procedures for photoreceptor cell isolation are also considered. The book further tackles the preparation of proteins involved in rod cell metabolism, with particular emphasis on proteins of the visual transduction cascade. The text also encompasses the application of molecular biological techniques for the examination of molecular components of the visual system and their structure, distribution, and function. Neuroscientists, ophthalmologists, biochemists, and people involved in the study of photoreceptor cells will find the book invaluable.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (425 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9781483217543
Series Statement:
Methods in Neurosciences ; v.15
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=1604050
DDC:
591
Language:
English
Note:
Front Cover -- Photoreceptor Cells -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Contributors to Volume 15 -- Preface -- Methods in Neurosciences -- Section I: Structure of Photoreceptor Cells -- Chapter 1. Light and Electron Microscopy of Vertebrate Photoreceptors Including a Technique for Electron Microscopic Autoradiography -- Introduction -- Methods -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2. Rapid Freezing and Subsequent Preparation Methods in Retinal Cell Biology -- Introduction -- Rapid Freezing -- Freeze Replicas -- Freeze-Drying -- References -- Chapter 3. Preparation of Retinas for Studying Photoreceptors with Confocal Microscopy -- Introduction -- Overview of Methodology -- Reagents -- Procedures -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Section II: Metabolic Studies -- Chapter 4. In Vivo Labeling of Retinal Components by Intraocular Injection -- Introduction -- Methods -- Selected Results -- References -- Chapter 5. In Vitro Biosynthetic Studies with Isolated Vertebrate Retinas -- Introduction -- Methods -- Selected Results -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6. Isolation of Post-Golgi Membranes Transporting Newly Synthesized Rhodopsin -- Introduction -- Subcellular Fractionation of Retinal Tissue -- Stock Solutions -- Conclusion -- References -- Section III: Photoreceptor Membraneand Protein Preparation and Characterization -- Chapter 7 Preparing Rod Outer Segment Membranes, Regenerating Rhodopsin, and Determining Rhodopsin Concentration -- Introduction -- Rod Outer Segment Preparation -- Preparation of Rod Outer Segments from Other Species -- Measuring the Concentration of Rhodopsin -- Regeneration of Rhodopsin -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 8. Isolation and Characterization of Rod Outer Segment Disk and Plasma Membranes -- Introduction -- Purification of Intact Rod Outer Segments.
,
Separation of Rod Outer Segments into Soluble and Membrane Fractions -- Separation of Rod Outer Segment Disk and Plasma Membranes -- Characterization of Rod Outer Segment Disk and Plasma Membranes -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9. Immunological Measurement of Rhodopsin -- Introduction -- Assay Methods for Rhodopsin -- References -- Chapter 10. Preparation and Characterization of Chicken Rod and Cone Pigments -- Introduction -- Overview of Procedures -- Experimental Procedures -- Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11. Purification and Characterization of Bovine Transducin and Its Subunits -- Introduction -- Purification of Transducin and Its Subunits -- Fraction -- References -- Chapter 12. Purification and Characterization of Phosducin from Bovine Retina -- Introduction -- Properties of Bovine Transducin -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 13. pH Assay of Rod Outer Segment Cyclic GMP Phosphodiesterase Activity -- Background -- Methods -- Standardizing Reaction Conditions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 14. Purification of Rhodopsin Kinase from Bovine Rod Outer Segments -- Introduction -- Methods -- Properties of Purified Rhodopsin Kinase -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 15. Purification of Arrestin from Bovine Retinas -- Introduction -- Methods -- Properties of Purified Arrestin -- Binding Assay for Arrestin to Photolyzed and Phosphorylated Rhodopsin -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 16. Preparation and Characterization of Guanylate Cyclase from Vertebrate Rod Photoreceptors -- ntroduction -- Solubilization and Purification of Guanylate Cyclase Measurement of Guanylate Cyclase Activity -- Reconstitution of Bovine Guanylate Cyclase -- Characterization of Guanylate Cyclase -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References.
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Chapter 17. Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Retina -- Introduction -- Methods and Results -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 18. Preparation and Characterization of Protein Kinase C from Rod Outer Segments -- Introduction -- Assay for Protein Kinase C -- Assay -- Purification of Protein Kinase C from Bovine Rod Outer Segments -- Characterization of Rod Outer Segment Protein Kinase C -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 19. Simultaneous Purification and Characterization of the cGMP-Gated Cation Channel and the Na+/Ca2+ ,K+-Exchanger -- Introduction -- Methods -- Molecular Characterization -- Functional Characterization -- Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section IV: Molecular Biology of Photoreceptor Cells -- Chapter 20. Construction of Directional cDNA Libraries from Human Retinal Tissue/Cells and Their Enrichment for Specific Genes Using an Efficient Subtraction Procedure -- Introduction -- Construction of cDNA Libraries -- Subtraction Procedure -- Notes and Comments -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 21. Expression of Opsin Genes in COS Cells -- Introduction -- Routine Growth of COS Cells -- Transfection of COS Cells -- Harvesting of COS Cells -- Purification of Rhodopsin -- Isolation of COS Cell Membranes -- General Strategy for Purification of Expressed Proteins -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 22. In Vitro Synthesis of Bovine Rhodopsin Using Recombinant Baculovirus -- Introduction -- Expression and Purification -- Functional Analysis -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 23. Transfection of Retinoblastoma Cells: Localization of Cis-Acting Elements for Human Interstitial Retinoid-Binding Protein Gene -- Introduction -- Transfection Procedures -- Chloramphenicol Acetyltransferase Assay -- Optimization of WERI-RB1 Transfections.
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Localization of Cis-Acting Elements by Transfecting pIRBP-CAT Plasmids into WERI-RB 1 Cells -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 24. Use of Transgenic Mice to Study Retinal Gene Expression -- Introduction -- Methods -- Future Prospects -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 25. Transgenic Rescue of the Photoreceptor Dysplasia and Degeneration in Retinal Degeneration Slow (rds) Mutant Mice -- Introduction -- The Retinal Degeneration Slow Mutation -- Cloning the rds Messenger RNA and Gene -- The rds Protein -- The Human rds Gene (RDS) -- Transgenic Rescue of rds: Generation of Transgenic Mice -- Further Reflections on Transgenic Rescue of rds -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 26. In Situ Hybridization of Retinal Messenger RNA Using Nonradioactive Synthetic Probes -- Introduction -- Design of Oligonucleotide Probes -- Biotin Tagging of Oligonucleotide Probes -- Specimen Collection, Processing, and Fixation -- References -- Chapter 27. Identification of Rhodopsin Gene Mutations Using GC-Clamped Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis -- Introduction -- GC-Clamped Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis -- Methods -- Results -- Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.
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