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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    When a child takes the stand (1987)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 11 (1987), S. 27-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Children testify in courts of law, yet little is known about jurors' reactions to them. We describe the first studies of simulated jurors' reactions to child as compared to adult witnesses. Our methodology involved exposing mock jurors to trial descriptions. In the descriptions, the age of the eyewitness who provided crucial testimony varied. Across three experiments, potential jurors judged children to be less credible eyewitnesses than adults. Eyewitness age did not, however, determine the degree of guilt attributed to the defendant. This same pattern of results was found regardless of the sample tested (college students versus a more heterogeneous group), the type of trial presented (vehicular homicide versus murder), or the medium employed (written trial descriptions versus videotaped mock trial). Our findings indicate that biases against children's credibility are likely to appear when a child bystander witness takes the stand.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01044837
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Brief Research Report: Age Factors Affecting the Believability of Repressed Memories of Child Sexual Assault (1999)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 23 (1999), S. 257-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Two experiments investigated how mock jurors react to testimony involving claims of a repressed memory in a case involving child sexual assault. Participants read a fictional civil trial summary presented in one of three conditions: (a) immediate condition—the alleged victim testified immediately after the incident; (b) repressed condition—the alleged victim reported the assault 1–39 years later, after remembering it for the first time; or (c) not-repressed condition—the alleged victim reported the assault 1–39 years later, but the memory of the assault had been present for those years. When there was any type of delayed reporting, either the age of the alleged victim at the time of the assault was constant and her age at reporting varied (Experiment 1) or the age of the alleged victim at the time of the assault varied and her age at reporting remained constant (Experiment 2). The results showed that (1) a delay in reporting an incident adversely affected believability of the alleged victim and led to fewer rulings in support of the plaintiff compared to reporting it immediately, (2) longer delays in reporting generally led to lower alleged victim believability and fewer decisions in support of the plaintiff than shorter delays, (3) the age of the alleged victim at the time of the incident was a critical variable in determining belief of the alleged victim, and (4) men generally rated believability of the alleged victim lower and ruled in favor of the plaintiff less often than women. The results are discussed in terms of the psychosocial factors affecting the perception of delayed reporting in a child sexual assault trial.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022329119988
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Believability of Hearsay Testimony in a Child Sexual Assault Trial (1997)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 21 (1997), S. 299-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Two experiments investigated how mock jurors react to hearsay testimony in a case involving child sexual assault. Participants read a fictional criminal trial summary involving the sexual assault of a 4-(Experiment 2 only), 6-, or 14-year-old female. The summaries were presented in one of four conditions: (a) child condition—the alleged victim testified; (b) hearsay condition—the alleged victim did not testify, but an adult hearsay witness did testify; (c) multiple condition (Experiment 1 only)—both the alleged victim and the adult hearsay witness testified; and (d) no-witness condition—neither the alleged victim nor the hearsay witness testified. The hearsay testimony was believed to a considerable degree, and this testimony led to an increase in the perceived guilt of the defendant. Moreover, these results were comparable to those of conditions in which the alleged victim testified. The results are discussed in terms of the psychosocial factors affecting the perception of hearsay testimony in a child sexual assault trial.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024842816130
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On Legal Validity, Internal Validity, and Ecological Validity: Comment on Wasby and Brody (1997)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 21 (1997), S. 693-695 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1024816932485
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The believability of repressed memories (1995)
    Springer
    Law and human behavior 19 (1995), S. 569-592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-661X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Psychologie , Rechtswissenschaft
    Notizen: Abstract Two experiments investigated how mock jurors react to a case involving a repressed memory of child sexual assault. Subjects read a fictional civil trial (Experiment 1) or criminal trial (Experiment 2) summary involving the sexual assault of a 6-year-old female. The summary was presented in one of three conditions: (a)child condition: the alleged victim reported her memory of the assault in the same year that the assault occurred; (b)repressed condition: the alleged victim reported the assault 20 years later, after remembering it for the first time; or (c)no-repressed condition: the alleged victim reported the assault 20 years later, but the memory of the assault had been present for the 20 years. Although the testimony of the alleged victim was believed to some extent in all conditions, the alleged victim in the child condition was believed at the highest level, and this was associated with more decisions against the defendant. The results are discussed in terms of how delayed reporting of child sexual assault crimes is associated with lower believability of the alleged victim.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01499375
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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