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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sulphidic Mediterranean surface waters during Pliocene sapropel formation (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 397 (1999), S. 146-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sapropels—organic-matter rich layers—are common in Neogene sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The formation of these layers has been attributed to climate-related increases in organic-matter production and increased organic-matter preservation due to oxygen depletion in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/16441
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Organic matter and trace element concentrations in sapropels from ODP Leg 160 sites (1999)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Nijenhuis, Ivar A; Bosch, Hendrik-Jan; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S; Brumsack, Hans-Jürgen; de Lange, Gert J (1999): Organic matter and trace element rich sapropels and black shales: a geochemical comparison. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 169(3-4), 227-290, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0012-821X(99)00083-7
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: A distinct Pliocene eastern Mediterranean sapropel (i-282), recovered from three Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 160 Sites, has been investigated for its organic and inorganic composition. This sapropel is characterized by high organic carbon (Corg) and trace element contents, and the presence of isorenieratene derivatives. The latter suggests that the base of the photic zone was sulphidic during formation of the sapropel. Combined with evidence of bottom water anoxia (preservation of laminae, high redox-sensitive trace element contents, and the abundance and isotopic composition of pyrite) this leads to the tentative conclusion that almost the entire water column may have been anoxic. This anoxia resulted from high productivity and not from stagnation, because an approximation of the trace element budget during sapropel formation shows that water exchange with the western Mediterranean is needed. Entire water column anoxia has been suggested earlier for several black shales. With regard to the depositional environment and the Corg content, however, only the Cenomanian=Turonian Boundary Event (CTBE) black shales appear to be comparable to this sapropel. The proposed trace element removal mechanism of scavenging and (co-)precipitation in an anoxic water column, is thought to be similar for both types of deposits. The ultimate trace element source for the sapropel, however, is seawater, whereas it is hydrothermal and fluvial input for CTBE black shales (because they have a larger temporal and spatial distribution). Nonetheless, the Corg-rich eastern Mediterranean Pliocene sapropel discussed here may be considered to be a younger analogue of CTBE black shales.
    Keywords: 160-964D; 160-964E; 160-966C; 160-967C; 160-969E; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Eastern Basin; Joides Resolution; Leg160; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    (Table 1) Geochemistry of Sapropels of the Mediterranean Sea (1997)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Passier, Hilde F; Bosch, Hendrik-Jan; Nijenhuis, Ivar A; Lourens, Lucas Joost; Böttcher, Michael Ernst; Leenders, Anke; Sinninghe Damsté, Jaap S; de Lange, Gert J; de Leeuw, Jan W (1999): Sulphidic Mediterranean surface waters during Pliocene sapropel formation. Nature, 397(6715), 146-149, https://doi.org/10.1038/16441
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Description: Sapropels -organic-matter rich layers- are common in Neogene sediments of the eastern Mediterranean Sea. The formation of these layers has been attributed to climate-related increases in organic-matter production (Calvert et al., 1992, doi:10.1038/359223a0; Rossignol-Strick et al., 1982, doi:10.1038/295105a0; Rohling, 1994, doi:10.1016/0025-3227(94)90202-X) and increased organic-matter preservation due to oxygen depletion in more stagnant bottom waters (Rossignol-Strick et al., 1982, doi:10.1038/295105a0; Rohling, 1994, doi:10.1016/0025-3227(94)90202-X). Here we report that eastern Mediterranean Pliocene sapropels (Emeis et al., 1996, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.160.102.1996) contain molecular fossils of a compound (isorenieratene) known to be synthesized by photosynthetic green sulphur bacteria, suggesting that sulphidic (euxinic) -and therefore anoxic- conditions prevailed in the photic zone of the water column. These sapropels also have a high trace-metal content, which is probably due to the efficient scavenging of these metals by precipitating sulphides in a euxinic water column. The abundance and sulphur-isotope composition of pyrite are consistent with iron sulphide formation in the water column. We conclude that basin-wide water-column euxinia occurred over substantial periods during Pliocene sapropel formation in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, and that the ultimate degradation of the increased organic-matter production was strongly influential in generating and sustaining the euxinic conditions.
    Keywords: 160-964D; 160-964E; 160-966C; 160-967C; 160-969E; Accumulation rate, total organic carbon; AGE; Barium; Cadmium; Carbon, organic, total; Code; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eastern Basin; Enrichment factor; Event label; Isorenieratene derivative; Joides Resolution; Leg160; Molybdenum; Nickel; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; Selenium; Sulfur of pyrite; Vanadium; δ34S, pyrite
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 145 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    (Table 1) Sapropel location in ODP Leg 160 sites (1999)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-09
    Keywords: 160-964D; 160-964E; 160-966C; 160-967C; 160-969E; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eastern Basin; Event label; Joides Resolution; Leg160; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Sample comment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 18 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    (Table 2) Trace element concentrations of sapropels from ODP Leg 160 sites (1999)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-16
    Keywords: 160-964D; 160-964E; 160-966C; 160-967C; 160-969E; Antimony; Antimony, maximum; Arsenic; Arsenic, maximum; Cadmium; Cadmium, maximum; Carbon, organic, total; Carbon, organic, total, maximum; Chromium; Chromium, maximum; Cobalt; Cobalt, maximum; Comment; Copper; Copper, maximum; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eastern Basin; Element analyser, Fisons NA 1500 NCS; Event label; Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscope (ICP-AES); Joides Resolution; Leg160; Molybdenum; Molybdenum, maximum; Nickel; Nickel, maximum; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2; Sample comment; Selenium; Selenium, maximum; Vanadium; Vanadium, maximum; Zinc; Zinc, maximum
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 222 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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