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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Discovery 2010 : spatial and temporal variability in a dynamic polar ecosystem (2012)
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Details Availability
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 266 S. , Ill., graph. Darst
    Series Statement: Deep sea research 59/60.2012
    Language: English
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
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    Global distributions of pteropods (Gymnosomata, Thecosomata, Pseudothecosomata) abundance and biomass - Gridded data product (NetCDF) - Contribution to the MAREDAT World Ocean Atlas of Plankton Functional Types (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-27
    Description: Pteropods are a group of holoplanktonic gastropods for which global biomass distribution patterns remain poorly resolved. The aim of this study was to collect and synthesize existing pteropod (Gymnosomata, Thecosomata and Pseudothecosomata) abundance and biomass data, in order to evaluate the global distribution of pteropod carbon biomass, with a particular emphasis on its seasonal, temporal and vertical patterns. We collected 25 902 data points from several online databases and a number of scientific articles. The biomass data has been gridded onto a 360 x 180° grid, with a vertical resolution of 33 WOA depth levels. Data has been converted to NetCDF format. Data were collected between 1951-2010, with sampling depths ranging from 0-1000 m. Pteropod biomass data was either extracted directly or derived through converting abundance to biomass with pteropod specific length to weight conversions. In the Northern Hemisphere (NH) the data were distributed evenly throughout the year, whereas sampling in the Southern Hemisphere was biased towards the austral summer months. 86% of all biomass values were located in the NH, most (42%) within the latitudinal band of 30-50° N. The range of global biomass values spanned over three orders of magnitude, with a mean and median biomass concentration of 8.2 mg C l-1 (SD = 61.4) and 0.25 mg C l-1, respectively for all data points, and with a mean of 9.1 mg C l-1 (SD = 64.8) and a median of 0.25 mg C l-1 for non-zero biomass values. The highest mean and median biomass concentrations were located in the NH between 40-50° S (mean biomass: 68.8 mg C l-1 (SD = 213.4) median biomass: 2.5 mg C l-1) while, in the SH, they were within the 70-80° S latitudinal band (mean: 10.5 mg C l-1 (SD = 38.8) and median: 0.2 mg C l-1). Biomass values were lowest in the equatorial regions. A broad range of biomass concentrations was observed at all depths, with the biomass peak located in the surface layer (0-25 m) and values generally decreasing with depth. However, biomass peaks were located at different depths in different ocean basins: 0-25 m depth in the N Atlantic, 50-100 m in the Pacific, 100-200 m in the Arctic, 200-500 m in the Brazilian region and 〉500 m in the Indo-Pacific region. Biomass in the NH was relatively invariant over the seasonal cycle, but more seasonally variable in the SH. The collected database provides a valuable tool for modellers for the study of ecosystem processes and global biogeochemical cycles.
    Keywords: MAREMIP; MARine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2.2 MBytes
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Abundance of pteropods Population of Limacina helicina antarctica in the Scotia Sea collected from 1996 to 2010 (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-13
    Keywords: Abundance per volume; BAS_01; BAS_02; BAS_03; BAS_04; BAS_05; BAS_06; BAS_07; BAS_08; BAS_09; BAS_10; BAS_11; BAS_12; BAS_13; BAS_14; BAS_15; BAS_16; BAS_17; BAS_18; BAS_19; BAS_20; BAS_21; BAS_22; BAS_23; BAS_24; BAS_25; BAS_26; BAS_27; BAS_28; BAS_29; BAS_30; BAS_31; BAS_32; BAS_33; BAS_34; BAS_35; BAS_36; BAS_37; BAS_38; BAS_39; BAS_40; BAS_41; BAS_42; BAS_43; BAS_44; BAS_45; BAS_46; BAS_47; BAS_48; BAS_49; BAS_50; British Antarctic Survey; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Event label; JR1160360; JR1770073; JR1770082; JR1770098; JR1770141; JR1770171; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Net; NET; Scotia Sea; Taxon/taxa; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 336 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Gene expression and physiological changes of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba under different hypoxia intensities (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Tremblay, Nelly; Cascella, Kévin; Toullec, Jean-Yves; Held, Christoph; Fielding, Sophie; Tarling, Geraint A; Abele, Doris (submitted): Gene expression and physiological changes of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba under different hypoxia intensities.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-16
    Description: Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) from South Georgia comprise one of the most northern and abundant krill stocks. South Georgia waters are undergoing rapid warming, as a result of climate change, which in turn could alter the oxygen concentration of the water. We investigated gene expression in Antarctic krill related to aerobic metabolism, antioxidant defence, and heat-shock response under severe (2.5% O2 saturation or 0.6 kPa) and threshold (20% O2 saturation or 4 kPa) hypoxia exposure compared to in situ levels (normoxic; 100% O2 saturation or 21 kPa). Biochemical metabolic and oxidative stress indicators complemented the genic expression analysis to detect in vivo signs of stress during the hypoxia treatments. Expression levels of the genes citrate synthase (CS), mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (SODMn-m) and one heat-shock protein isoform (E) were higher in euphausiids incubated 6 h at 20% O2 saturation than in animals exposed to control (normoxic) conditions. All biochemical antioxidant defence parameters remained unchanged among treatments. Levels of lipid peroxidation were raised after 6 h of severe hypoxia. Overall, short-term exposure to hypoxia altered mitochondrial metabolic and antioxidant capacity, but did not induce anaerobic metabolism. Antarctic krill are swarming organisms and may experience short periods of hypoxia when present in dense swarms. A future, warmer Southern ocean, where oxygen saturation levels are decreased, may result in smaller, less dense swarms as they act to avoid greater levels of hypoxia.
    Keywords: Rectangular midwater trawl 4500 µm; RMT8; South_Georgia_RMT; South Georgia Island
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Gene expression of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba under different hypoxia intensities (2014)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-16
    Keywords: Citrate synthase mean normalized expression gene expression; Heat-shock protein 70 isoform A gene expression; Heat-shock protein 70 isoform C gene expression; Heat-shock protein 70 isoform D gene expression; Heat-shock protein 70 isoform E gene expression; Rectangular midwater trawl 4500 µm; RMT8; South_Georgia_RMT; South Georgia Island; Superoxide dismutase manganese (cytosolic) gene expression; Superoxide dismutase manganese (mitochondrial) gene expression; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 217 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    (Figure 1) Lactate concentration in in situ organisms (2014)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-16
    Keywords: DEPTH, water; Haemolymph, lactate; Rectangular midwater trawl 4500 µm; RMT8; South_Georgia_RMT; South Georgia Island
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 51 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Pteropod eggs released at high pCO2 lack resilience to ocean acidification (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Manno, Clara; Peck, Victoria L; Tarling, Geraint A (2016): Pteropod eggs released at high pCO2 lack resilience to ocean acidification. Scientific Reports, 6, 25752, https://doi.org/10.1038/srep25752
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The effects of ocean acidification (OA) on the early recruitment of pteropods in the Scotia Sea, was investigated considering the process of spawning, quality of the spawned eggs and their capacity to develop. Maternal OA stress was induced on female pteropods (Limacina helicina antarctica) through exposure to present day pCO2 conditions and two potential future OA states (750 matm and 1200 matm). The eggs spawned from these females, both before and during their exposure to OA, were incubated themselves in this same range of conditions (embryonic OA stress). Maternal OA stress resulted in eggs with lower carbon content, while embryonic OA stress retarded development. The combination of maternal and embryonic OA stress reduced the percentage of eggs successfully reaching organogenesis by 80%. We propose that OA stress not only affects the somatic tissue of pteropods but also the functioning of their gonads. Corresponding in-situ sampling found that post-larval L. helicina antarctica concentrated around 600 m depth, which is deeper than previously assumed. A deeper distribution makes their exposure to waters undersaturated for aragonite more likely in the near future given that these waters are predicted to shoal from depth over the coming decades.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Animalia; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard deviation; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, partial pressure, standard deviation; Development; Egg ribbons, per individual; Eggs; Eggs, carbon content per egg; Egg size; Egg stages; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Limacina helicina antarctica; Mollusca; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Open ocean; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Polar; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Registration number of species; Reproduction; Salinity; Salinity, standard deviation; Scotia_sea; Single species; Species; Temperature, standard deviation; Temperature, water; Time point, descriptive; Treatment; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Zooplankton
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1548 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Effects of acute ocean acidification on spatially-diverse polar pelagic foodwebs:Insights from on-deck microcosms (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Tarling, Geraint A; Peck, Victoria L; Ward, Peter; Ensor, N S; Achterberg, Eric Pieter; Tynan, Eithne; Poulton, Alex J; Mitchell, E; Zubkov, Mikhail V (2016): Effects of acute ocean acidification on spatially-diverse polar pelagic foodwebs: Insights from on-deck microcosms. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 127, 75-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.02.008
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The polar oceans are experiencing some of the largest levels of ocean acidification (OA) resulting from the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2). Our understanding of the impacts this is having on polar marine communities is mainly derived from studies of single species in laboratory conditions, while the consequences for food web interactions remain largely unknown. This study carried out experimental manipulations of natural pelagic communities at different high latitude sites in both the northern (Nordic Seas) and southern hemispheres (Scotia and Weddell Seas). The aim of this study was to identify more generic responses and greater experimental reproducibility through implementing a series of short term (4 day), multilevel (3 treatment) carbonate chemistry manipulation experiments on unfiltered natural surface ocean communities, including grazing copepods. The experiments were successfully executed at six different sites, covering a diverse range of environmental conditions and differing plankton community compositions. The study identified the interaction between copepods and dinoflagellate cell abundance to be significantly altered by elevated levels of dissolved CO2 (pCO2), with dinoflagellates decreasing relative to ambient conditions across all six experiments. A similar pattern was not observed in any other major phytoplankton group. The patterns indicate that copepods show a stronger preference for dinoflagellates when in elevated pCO2 conditions, demonstrating that changes in food quality and altered grazing selectivity may be a major consequence of ocean acidification. The study also found that transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) generally increased when pCO2 levels were elevated, but the response was dependent on the exact set of environmental conditions. Bacteria and nannoplankton showed a neutral response to elevated pCO2 and there was no significant relationship between changes in bacterial or nannoplankton abundance and that of TEP concentrations. Overall, the study illustrated that, although some similar responses exist, these contrasting high latitude surface ocean communities are likely to show different responses to the onset of elevated pCO2.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Ammonium; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Arctic; Bacteria; Bacteria, high DNA fluorescence; Bacteria, low DNA fluorescence; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottle number; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon mass; Carbon mass, standard deviation; Ciliates; Coast and continental shelf; Community composition and diversity; Diatoms; Dinoflagellates; E01_271; E03_271; E03_274; E04_271; E04_274; E05_271; Entire community; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Flagellates; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hydrogen, standard deviation; Hydrogen content; Laboratory experiment; Nanoflagellates; Nanoflagellates, heterotrophic; Nanoflagellates, phototrophic; Nitrate and Nitrite; Nitrogen, standard deviation; Nitrogen mass; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Open ocean; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Polar; Salinity; Silicate; Station label; Temperature, water; Time in hours; Transparent exopolymer particles as Gum Xanthan equivalents per volume; Treatment; Type
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4975 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Biochemical processing of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba under different hypoxia intensities (2014)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-20
    Keywords: Carbonyls, per protein mass; Catalase activity, unit per protein mass; Citrate synthase activity, unit per protein mass; Glutathione equivalents, per wet mass; Glutathione oxidized/Glutathione reduced, ratio; Glutathione peroxidase activity, unit per protein mass; Glutathione S-transferase activity, unit per protein mass; Lactate, per wet mass; Malondialdehyde, per wet mass; Rectangular midwater trawl 4500 µm; RMT8; South_Georgia_RMT; South Georgia Island; Succinate, per wet mass; Superoxide dismutase manganese activity, unit per protein mass; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 917 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Discrete particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration and flux data from three visits to site P3 in 2017 (2024)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-27
    Description: Discrete measurements of particulate organic carbon (POC) concentration and flux were made on the RRS Discovery during COMICS cruise DY086 at site P3 in the South Atlantic from November to December, 2017 (Giering et al. 2023). Data is from a variety of equipment including marine snow catchers, neutrally-buoyant sediment traps (PELAGRA) and a stand-alone pump system. Marine snow catchers settled on-deck for 2 hours. Slow sinking particles were collected from the base and fast sinking particles were collected from the tray. These data were used along with bottle POC data to calibrate glider backscatter data from the GOCART project.
    Keywords: 74EQ20171115; biological carbon pump; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, flux; COMICS; Controls over Ocean Mesopelagic Interior Carbon Storage; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Discovery (2013); DY086; DY086_MSC006; DY086_MSC007; DY086_MSC010; DY086_MSC015; DY086_MSC016; DY086_MSC019; DY086_MSC020; DY086_MSC022; DY086_MSC027; DY086_MSC028; DY086_MSC029; DY086_MSC034; DY086_MSC035; DY086_MSC036; DY086_MSC037; DY086_MSC038; DY086_MSC039; DY086_MSC040; DY086_MSC061; DY086_MSC062; DY086_MSC063; DY086_MSC067; DY086_MSC068; DY086_MSC069; DY086_MSC071; DY086_MSC072; DY086_MSC076; DY086_MSC077; DY086_MSC078; DY086_MSC079; DY086_MSC081; DY086_MSC082; DY086_MSC083; DY086_MSC084; DY086_MSC093; DY086_MSC094; DY086_MSC099; DY086_MSC100; DY086_MSC101; DY086_MSC103; DY086_MSC104; DY086_MSC105; DY086_MSC106; DY086_MSC111; DY086_MSC112; DY086_MSC113; DY086_MSC114; DY086_MSC125; DY086_MSC126; DY086_MSC127; DY086_MSC128; DY086_Pelagra006; DY086_Pelagra007; DY086_Pelagra008; DY086_Pelagra009; DY086_Pelagra010; DY086_Pelagra011; DY086_Pelagra012; DY086_Pelagra013; DY086_Pelagra014; DY086_Pelagra015; DY086_Pelagra016; DY086_Pelagra017; DY086_Pelagra018; DY086_Pelagra019; DY086_Pelagra020; DY086_Pelagra021; DY086_Pelagra022; DY086_Pelagra023; DY086_Pelagra024; DY086_Pelagra025; DY086_Pelagra026; DY086_Pelagra027; DY086_Pelagra028; DY086_Pelagra029; DY086_Pelagra030; DY086_Pelagra031; DY086_Pelagra032; DY086_Pelagra033; DY086_Pelagra034; DY086_Pelagra035; DY086_Pelagra036; DY086_Pelagra037; DY086_Pelagra038; DY086_SAPS001; DY086_SAPS002; DY086_SAPS003; DY086_SAPS004; DY086_SAPS005; Event label; fluxes; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; marine biogeochemistry; Marine snow catcher; MSC; PELAGRA; SAPS; Site; Stand-alone pumps; SUMMER; Sustainable Management of Mesopelagic Resources; Trap, sediment, drifting
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 366 data points
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