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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel design of a resonant photoacoustic spectrophone for elemental carbon mass monitoring (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 66 (1995), S. 1285-1287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An improved design of a resonant photoacoustic spectrophone is reported for aerosol absorption measurements by using a near-infrared laser diode (λ=802 nm; P=450 mW) in combination with a double-pass configuration for excitation of azimuthal modes and right-angle mounting of two electret microphones for signal detection. As a result of the new spectrophone setup a small-sized portable sensor system for real-time in situ elemental carbon monitoring is presented. The detection limit is estimated to 4.5×10−8 cm−1 or 1.5 μg elemental carbon per m 3. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.113271
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebrospinal fluid nitrite/nitrate predicts poor outcome in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 85 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The study aimed to relate CSF levels of nitric oxide metabolites and oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) to the clinical outcome measures in patients after SAH. The study group comprised 10 SAH patients and 10 controls. CSF total nitrite/nitrate (NOx) concentration was measured by a vanadium-based assay while OxyHb level by spectrophotometry. There was a significant correlation between CSF concentrations of NOx and OxyHb (P = 0.001, r = 0.87). When the impact of bleeding into CSF was considered, patients with good outcome had significantly lower CSF NOx than those with bad outcome (P = 0.007). This study demonstrates that after SAH, CSF NOx levels correlate with OxHb and high CSF NOx predicted poor outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.85.s2.18_8.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amniotic fluid brain-specific proteins are biomarkers for spinal cord injury in experimental myelomeningocele (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 95 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Myelomeningocele (MMC), the most severe form of spina bifida (SB), causes neurological deficit. Injury to the spinal cord is thought to begin in utero. We investigated whether brain-specific proteins (BSPs) would enable us to monitor the development of MMC-related tissue damage during pregnancy in an animal model with naturally occurring SB (curly tail/loop tail mouse; n = 256). Amniotic fluid levels of neurofilament heavy chain (NfH), glial acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP) and S100B were measured by standard ELISA techniques. The amniotic fluid levels of all BSPs were similar in SB and control mice on embryonic day (E) 12.5 and 14.5, whereas a significant increase was observed for GFAP in SB mice on E16.5. Levels of all BSPs were significantly increased in SB mice on E18.5. The rapid increase in GFAP, paralleled by a moderate increase in NfH and S100B, suggests that spinal cord damage starts to accelerate around E16.5. The macroscopic size of the MMC was related to NfH level on E16.5 and E18.5, suggesting that axonal degeneration is most severe in large MMC. Amniotic fluid BSP measurements may provide important information for balancing the risks and benefits to mother and child of in utero surgery for MMC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03432.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoacoustic sensor for carbon aerosols
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 14 (1993), S. 640-641 
    Details
    ISSN: 0925-4005
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0925-4005(93)85126-U
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repetitive cerebral bleeding in an adult with Klippel-Trénaunay Syndrome (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 247 (2000), S. 389-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050609
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoacoustic soot sensor for in-situ black carbon monitoring (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 191-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.60 ; 43.20.Ks ; 43.85
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The PhotoAcoustic Soot Sensor (PASS) for in situ black carbon mass monitoring is presented. The sensor combines a high-power laser diode (λ = 802 nm;P = 450 mW) and a novel spectrophone setup to achieve a portable sensor system for black carbon measurements. The acoustic resonator with aQ-factor of ≈ 300 is operated in its 2nd azimuthal mode at 6670 Hz. To estimate the effects of the window position, laser beam collimation, and different loss mechanisms on spectrophone sensitivity a model treating these effects with respect to the signal strength of the azimuthal modes is described. It gives a cell constant of 5.8 V/(W m−1) in good agreement with 5.9 V/(W m−1) obtained from measurements with particulate carbon. Additionally, this model permits a method for an absolute calibration of the spectrophone. To improve the signal-to-noise ratio, the photoacoustic signal is estimated by a weighted least-squares fit to an averaged line profile of the excited normal mode instead of a direct measurement of peak height. Finally, the application of this data processing algorithm yields a detection limit of 1.5 × 10−6 m−1 or 0.5 μg black carbon per m3
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01095272
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  • 7
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    Ground-based Lidar measurements of cirrus clouds in the northern and southern hemisphere (INCA): Comparison with in-situ measurements. (2002)
    In:  EPIC3EGS, General Assembly, Nice, 2002 p.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 8
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    Microphysical and optical properties of a wave-cirrus cloudsampled during the INCA experiment (2002)
    In:  EPIC3AMSth Conference on Cloud Physics 37 June 2002 in Ogden, UT. {http://ams.confex.com/ams/11AR11CP/11cldphy/} {http://ams.confex.com/ams/11AR11CP/11cldphy/abstracts/40770.htm}, 11
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 9
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    Microphysical and optical properties of high-altitude clouds observed in mid-latitudes of the southern hemisphere during INCA (2006)
    In:  EPIC3Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132, Part B, No. 621, pp. 2721-2750
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Airborne microphysical and optical properties of mid-latitude cirrus clouds were measured at temperatures ranging from -25°C to -62°C in the Southern hemisphere from Punta Arenas (53°S) in March and April 2000 during the INCA experiment (Interhemispheric differences in cirrus properties from anthropogenic emissions). The observations show general decreases of the ice water content (18 mg m-3 to 0.05 mg m-3), extinction coefficient (0.70 km-1 to 0.08 km-1), ice particle concentration (2.2 cm-3 to 0.5 cm-3), and the effective diameter (80 mm to 17 mm) linked to the variation of ambient temperature (-25°C to -60°C). The lowest temperature at which supercooled water droplets were detected was -33°C. The asymmetry parameter shows relatively small variations with the smallest values (0.758) observed at the lowest temperatures. The optical phenomenon related to the 22° halo indicating the occurrence of pristine ice crystals is preferentially found between -40°C and -55°C. Cirrus clouds which form with a rapid vertical transport, i.e., jet-stream cirrus, wave-cirrus, and cirrocumulus, are characterised by very high values of the ice particle concentrations (up to 100 cm-3) compared to the mean values as a whole (1.45 cm-3). The results of two case studies related to a jet-stream cirrus and orographic-wave cirrus are presented with details.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 10
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    Characterization of long-term and seasonal variations of black carbon (BC) concentrations at Neumayer, Antarctica (2013)
    COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
    In:  EPIC3Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 13, pp. 1579-1590, ISSN: 1680-7316
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-12-03
    Description: Continuous black carbon (BC) observations were conducted from 1999 through 2009 by an Aethalometer (AE10) and from 2006 through 2011 by a Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer (MAAP) at Neumayer Station (NM) under stringent contamination control. Considering the respective observation period, BC concentrations measured by the MAAP were somewhat higher (median ± standard deviation: 2.1±2.0 ng m-3) compared to the AE10 results (1.6±2.1 ng m-3). Neither for the AE10 nor for the MAAP data set a significant long-term trend could be detected. Consistently a pronounced seasonality was observed with both instruments showing a primary annual maximum between October and November and a minimum in April with a maximum/minimum ratio of 4.5/1.6 = 3.8 and 2.7/0.64 = 4.2 for the MAAP and AE10 data, respectively. Occasionally a secondary summer maximum in January/February was visible. With the aim to assess the impact of BC on optical properties of the aerosol at NM, we evaluated the BC data along with particle scattering coefficients measured by an integrating nephelometer. We found the mean single scattering albedo of omega550 = 0.992±0.0090 (median: 0.994) at a wavelength of 550 nm with a range of values from 0.95 to 1.0.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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