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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    In situ-Aktivitätsmessungen und Populationsanalysen mittels Mikroelektroden und molekularer Techniken in einem nitrifizierenden Wirbelbettreaktor mit Kalk als Trägermaterial (Deutsch-israelische Kooperation) : Schlussbericht ; [Laufzeit des Vorhabens: 01.06.2002 - 31.05.2004] (2004)
    Bremen : Max-Planck-Institut für Marine Mikrobiologie, Mikrosensor-Forschungsgruppe
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht ; Biologische Abwasserreinigung ; Nitrifikation
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (26 S., 1,45 MB) , Ill., graph. Darst
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb05/488106400.pdf
    URL: https://doi.org/10.2314/GBV:488106400
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb05/488106400l.pdf
    DOI: 10.2314/GBV:488106400
    Language: German
    Note: Förderkennzeichen BMBF 02WA0251 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden , Auch als gedr. Ausg. vorhanden , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial activities in the burrow environment of the potamal mayfly Ephoron virgo (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Freshwater biology 49 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: 1. The impact of burrowing larvae of Ephoron virgo (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcidae) on sediment microbiology has not been previously investigated because of difficulties in sampling the sediment of large rivers under in situ conditions. Therefore, we conducted experiments in the on-ship Ecological Rhine Station of the University of Cologne (Germany), in which ambient conditions of the River Rhine can be closely mimicked.2. In two consecutive seasons, experimental flow channels were stocked with Ephoron larvae and continuously supplied with water taken directly from the River Rhine. Sediment from the immediate vicinity of Ephoron burrows (i.e. U-shaped cavities reaching 10–80 mm deep into the sediment) and bulk sediment samples were analysed for (i) particulate organic matter content, (ii) microscale in situ distribution of O2, NO〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:00465070:FWB1258:FWB_1258_mu1" location="equation/FWB_1258_mu1.gif"/〉, and NH〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:00465070:FWB1258:FWB_1258_mu2" location="equation/FWB_1258_mu2.gif"/〉, and (iii) potential activities of exoenzymes.3. Sediment surrounding the Ephoron burrows had markedly higher organic matter contents and exoenzyme activities compared with the bulk sediment. Microsensor measurements demonstrated that local O2 and NO〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:00465070:FWB1258:FWB_1258_mu3" location="equation/FWB_1258_mu3.gif"/〉 penetration into the sediment were greatly enhanced by larval ventilation behaviour. Volumetric O2 and NO〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:00465070:FWB1258:FWB_1258_mu4" location="equation/FWB_1258_mu4.gif"/〉 turnover rates that were calculated from steady state concentration profiles measured directly in the burrow lining were considerably higher than at the sediment surface.4. In the sediment of the fast flowing River Rhine Ephoron burrows are preferential sites of organic matter accumulation and dissolved oxidant penetration. Our data suggest that the burrows are surrounded by a highly active microbial community that responds to the inputs from the water column with elevated O2 and NO〈inlineGraphic alt="inline image" href="urn:x-wiley:00465070:FWB1258:FWB_1258_mu5" location="equation/FWB_1258_mu5.gif"/〉 turnover, and release of exoenzymes into the sediment pore water. Especially during periods of mass occurrence, the larvae of E. virgo may thus significantly contribute (i) to the ecological connection between the water column and the sediment and (ii) to biogeochemical processing of organic matter in the riverbed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01258.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temporal variation of nitrification rates in experimental freshwater sediments enriched with ammonia or nitrite (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 46 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Two freshwater sediments (organic-poor and organic-rich) that contained their distinct natural microbial communities were incubated in experimental microcosms with either NH4+ or NO2− in the overlying water. Microsensor measurements revealed the thin oxic surface layer as a site of initially high rates of nitrification, i.e. O2, NH4+, and NO2− consumption, and NO3− production. Unexpectedly, during the subsequent 4-week incubation NH4+ consumption decreased in both sediment types and NO2− consumption decreased in the organic-rich sediment. In the organic-rich sediment O2 consumption and NO3− production paralleled these decreases, i.e. the reduced NH4+ and NO2− consumption rates were most probably due to reduced activity of nitrifiers. These microsensor data imply factors other than frequently suggested competition between nitrifiers and heterotrophs for NH4+, NO2− or O2 as causes for the loss of nitrification activity. We hypothesize that experimental manipulations (e.g. removal of macrofauna, redistribution of particulate organic matter, permanent nutrient enrichment) rendered the performance of the microbial community unstable. It is thus recommendable to restrict experiments in such commonly used model systems to the period of highest stability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(03)00193-4
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diversity and vertical distribution of magnetotactic bacteria along chemical gradients in freshwater microcosms (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 52 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The vertical distribution of magnetotactic bacteria along various physico-chemical gradients in freshwater microcosms was analyzed by a combined approach of viable cell counts, 16S rRNA gene analysis, microsensor profiling and biogeochemical methods. The occurrence of magnetotactic bacteria was restricted to a narrow sediment layer overlapping or closely below the maximum oxygen and nitrate penetration depth. Different species showed different preferences within vertical gradients, but the largest proportion (63–98%) of magnetotactic bacteria was detected within the suboxic zone. In one microcosm the community of magnetotactic bacteria was dominated by one species of a coccoid “Alphaproteobacterium”, as detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis in sediment horizons from 1 to 10 mm depth. Maximum numbers of magnetotactic bacteria were up to 1.5 × 107 cells/cm3, which corresponded to 1% of the total cell number in the upper sediment layer. The occurrence of magnetotactic bacteria coincided with the availability of significant amounts (6–60 μM) of soluble Fe(II), and in one sample with hydrogen sulfide (up to 40 μM). Although various trends were clearly observed, a strict correlation between the distribution of magnetotactic bacteria and individual geochemical parameters was absent. This is discussed in terms of metabolic adaptation of various strains of magnetotactic bacteria to stratified sediments and diversity of the magnetotactic bacterial communities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.11.006
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and functional analysis of a microbial mat ecosystem from a unique permanent hypersaline inland lake: ‘La Salada de Chiprana’ (NE Spain) (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 44 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The benthic microbial mat community of the only permanent hypersaline natural inland lake of Western Europe, ‘La Salada de Chiprana’, northeastern Spain, was structurally and functionally analyzed. The ionic composition of the lake water is characterized by high concentrations of magnesium and sulfate, which were respectively 0.35 and 0.5 M at the time of sampling while the total salinity was 78 g l−1. Community composition was analyzed by microscopy, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pigment analyses and by studying culturable bacteria from different functional groups. Therefore, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was applied on most probable number (MPN) dilution cultures. Microscopy revealed that a thin layer of Chloroflexus-like bacteria overlaid various cyanobacteria-dominated layers each characterized by different morphotypes. DGGE analysis of MPN dilution cultures from distinct mat layers showed that various phylotypes of anoxygenic phototrophic, aerobic heterotrophic, colorless sulfur-, and sulfate-reducing bacteria were present. The mats were furthermore functionally studied and attention was focussed on the relationship between oxygenic primary production and the flow of carbon through the microbial community. Microsensor techniques, porewater and sediment photopigment analysis were applied in order to estimate oxygenic photosynthetic rates, daily dynamics of (in)organic carbon porewater concentration and migration behavior of phototrophs. Chiprana microbial mats produced dissolved organic carbon (DOC) both during the day and night. It was estimated that 14% of the mats gross photosynthetic production and 49% of the mats net photosynthetic production diffused out of the mat in the form of low molecular mass fatty acids, although these compounds made up only 2% of the total DOC pool. The high flux of dissolved fatty acids from the microbial mat to the water column may explain why in this system Chloroflexus-like bacteria proliferate on top of the cyanobacterial layers since these photoheterotrophic bacteria grow preferably on organic phototrophic exudates. Furthermore it may also explain why high numbers of viable sulfate-reducing bacteria were found in the fully oxygenated sediment surface layers. These organisms apparently do not have to compete with aerobic heterotrophic community members due to the ample availability of organic substrates. Moreover, the high production of DOC strongly indicates that the mat community was nutrient limited in its growth. Photopigment analysis revealed furthermore that chlorophyll a (Chla) and three of its allomeres had a complementary depth distribution what suggests that the Chla allomeres are functional adaptations to differences in light quality and/or quantity and may be species specific.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-6496(02)00464-6
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endosymbiotic sulphate-reducing and sulphide-oxidizing bacteria in an oligochaete worm (2001)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 411 (2001), S. 298-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Stable associations of more than one species of symbiont within a single host cell or tissue are assumed to be rare in metazoans because competition for space and resources between symbionts can be detrimental to the host. In animals with multiple endosymbionts, such as mussels from deep-sea ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35077067
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Denitrification by sulphur oxidizing Beggiatoa spp. mats on freshwater sediments (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 344 (1990), S. 762-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/344762a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel microbial communities of the Haakon Mosby mud volcano and their role as a methane sink (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 443 (2006), S. 854-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Mud volcanism is an important natural source of the greenhouse gas methane to the hydrosphere and atmosphere. Recent investigations show that the number of active submarine mud volcanoes might be much higher than anticipated (for example, see refs 3–5), and that gas emitted ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05227
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A nitrate-selective microelectrode based on a lipophilic derivative of iodocobalt(III)salen (1999)
    Springer
    Fresenius' journal of analytical chemistry 364 (1999), S. 595-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1130
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of iodo{2,2′-[1,2-octadecanediylbis(nitrilomethylidyne)]diphenolato}cobalt is described. Liquid membrane microelectrodes based on this carrier exhibit Nernstian behaviour with a selectivity sequence according to the Hofmeister series: I– 〉 NO3 – 〉 NO2 – 〉 Cl– 〉 HCO3 – 〉 AcO–. The selectivity coefficient of nitrate over nitrite and chloride amounts to –1.6 and –2.7, respectively. The detection limit for nitrate in water amounts to 10–5.2 mol/L. A nitrate profile measured in a nitrifying biofilm is presented as a practical application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002160051392
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microsensors as a tool to determine chemical microgradients and bacterial activity in wastewater biofilms and flocs (1998)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 9 (1998), S. 159-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: activated sludge ; biofilm ; microbial activity ; microsensors ; sulfate reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Microsensors used in microbial ecology are reviewed with emphasis on new sensor developments (NO3 -, NO2 -, NH4 +, CO2, H2, H2S and CH4 microsensors as well as fiberoptical microsensors for O2, temperature and pH). Examples of microsensor applications in biofilms and activated sludge flocs are presented, where sulfate reduction and denitrification were studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008302622946
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