Publication Date:
2024-03-20
Description:
Bentho-pelagic life cycles are the dominant reproductive strategy in marine invertebrates, providing great dispersal ability, access to different resources, and the opportunity to settle in suitable habitats upon the trigger of environmental cues at key developmental moments. However, free-dispersing larvae can be highly sensitive to environmental changes. Among these, the magnitude and the occurrence of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in oceanic habitats is predicted to exacerbate over the next decades, particularly in coastal areas, reaching levels beyond those historically experienced by most marine organisms. Here, we aimed to determine the sensitivity to elevated pCO2 of successive life stages of a marine invertebrate species with a bentho-pelagic life cycle, exposed continuously during its early ontogeny, whilst providing in-depth insights on their metabolic responses. We selected, as an ideal study species, the American lobster Homarus americanus, and investigated life history traits, whole-organism physiology, and metabolomic fingerprints from larval stage I to juvenile stage V exposed to different pCO2 levels. Current and future ocean acidification scenarios were tested, as well as extreme high pCO2/low pH conditions that are predicted to occur in coastal benthic habitats and with leakages from underwater carbon capture storage (CCS) sites. Larvae demonstrated greater tolerance to elevated pCO2, showing no significant changes in survival, developmental time, morphology, and mineralisation, although they underwent intense metabolomic reprogramming. Conversely, juveniles showed the inverse pattern, with a reduction in survival and an increase in development time at the highest pCO2 levels tested, with no indication of metabolomic reprogramming. Metabolomic sensitivity to elevated pCO2 increased until metamorphosis (between larval and juvenile stages) and decreased afterward, suggesting this transition as a metabolic keystone for marine invertebrates with complex life cycles.
Keywords:
Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard error; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Aragonite saturation state, standard error; Arthropoda; Benthic animals; Bicarbonate ion; Bicarbonate ion, standard error; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Calcite saturation state; Calcite saturation state, standard error; Calcium; Calcium, standard error; Calcium/Magnesium ratio; Calcium/Magnesium ratio, standard error; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard error; Carbonate ion; Carbonate ion, standard error; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or 〈 1 m**2); EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Homarus americanus; Laboratory experiment; Length; Length, standard error; Magnesium; Magnesium, standard error; Magnesium/Calcium ratio; Magnesium/Calcium ratio, standard error; Metabolic rate of oxygen, resting; Metabolic rate of oxygen, resting, normalized; Metabolic rate of oxygen, standard error; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Oxygen saturation; Oxygen saturation, standard error; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air), standard error; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard error; Potassium; Potassium, standard error; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Ratio; Ratio, standard error; Registration number of species; Replicates; Respiration; Salinity; Salinity, standard error; Shippagan; Single species; Sodium; Sodium, standard error; Species; Stage; Strontium; Strontium, standard error; Survival; Survival rate, standard error; Temperate; Temperature, water; Temperature, water, standard error; Type; Uniform resource locator/link to reference; Zooplankton
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 2541 data points
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