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  • 1
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    Latitude, temperature, and habitat complexity predict predation pressure in eelgrass beds across the Northern Hemisphere (2018)
    Ecological Society of America / Wiley
    In:  Ecology, 99 (1). pp. 29-35.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-08
    Description: Latitudinal gradients in species interactions are widely cited as potential causes or consequences of global patterns of biodiversity. However, mechanistic studies documenting changes in interactions across broad geographic ranges are limited. We surveyed predation intensity on common prey (live amphipods and gastropods) in communities of eelgrass (Zostera marina) at 48 sites across its Northern Hemisphere range, encompassing over 37° of latitude and four continental coastlines. Predation on amphipods declined with latitude on all coasts but declined more strongly along western ocean margins where temperature gradients are steeper. Whereas in situ water temperature at the time of the experiments was uncorrelated with predation, mean annual temperature strongly positively predicted predation, suggesting a more complex mechanism than simply increased metabolic activity at the time of predation. This large-scale biogeographic pattern was modified by local habitat characteristics; predation declined with higher shoot density both among and within sites. Predation rates on gastropods, by contrast, were uniformly low and varied little among sites. The high replication and geographic extent of our study not only provides additional evidence to support biogeographic variation in predation intensity, but also insight into the mechanisms that relate temperature and biogeographic gradients in species interactions. © 2017 by the Ecological Society of America
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2064
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Resistance of benthic intertidal communities to multiple disturbances and stresses (2015)
    Inter Research
    In:  Marine Ecology Progress Series, 534 . pp. 49-64.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-28
    Description: Many ecosystems are facing biodiversity loss and environmental change due to anthropogenic activities, with these impacts occurring within the context of natural disturbance. Understanding ecosystem functioning and the response of communities to these impacts is necessary in order to evaluate the effects of future environmental change. The aim of this study was to determine the consequences of the loss of key species on the structure and function of intertidal communities in a context of nutrient enrichment, so as to ascertain the resistance of these communities when disturbance and stresses are compounded. Subarctic rocky intertidal communities in Quebec were subjected to an orthogonal factorial field experiment with 3 stress factors (macroalgae canopy loss, grazer exclusion, and nutrient enrichment), each with 2 disturbance levels. Simple and interactive effects of these factors were followed for 4 mo, and responses in structure (% cover and biomass) and productivity were evaluated. The communities that were not subjected to canopy loss showed greater resistance and very limited effects from enrichment and grazer reduction. The loss of canopy altered the community structure (e.g. reduction in richness and biomass) and functioning (reduced productivity), probably due to increased temperatures and desiccation. This lack of resistance was amplified through the addition of a stress. The application of multiple stresses within field experiments allows for a better understanding of the mechanisms affecting community structure and ecosystem functioning under situations of increased natural and anthropogenic stress.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.3354/meps11359
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    The BenBioDen database, a global database for meio-, macro- and megabenthic biomass and densities (2020)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Benthic fauna refers to all fauna that live in or on the seafloor, which researchers typically divide into size classes meiobenthos (32/64 µm–0.5/1 mm), macrobenthos (250 µm–1 cm), and megabenthos (〉1 cm). Benthic fauna play important roles in bioturbation activity, mineralization of organic matter, and in marine food webs. Evaluating their role in these ecosystem functions requires knowledge of their global distribution and biomass. We therefore established the BenBioDen database, the largest open-access database for marine benthic biomass and density data compiled so far. In total, it includes 11,792 georeferenced benthic biomass and 51,559 benthic density records from 384 and 600 studies, respectively. We selected all references following the procedure for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and report biomass records as grams of wet mass, dry mass, or ash-free dry mass, or carbon per m2 and as abundance records as individuals per m2. This database provides a point of reference for future studies on the distribution and biomass of benthic fauna.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Ocean current patterns drive the worldwide colonization of eelgrass (Zostera marina) (2023)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Currents are unique drivers of oceanic phylogeography and thus determine the distribution of marine coastal species, along with past glaciations and sea-level changes. Here we reconstruct the worldwide colonization history of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.), the most widely distributed marine flowering plant or seagrass from its origin in the Northwest Pacific, based on nuclear and chloroplast genomes. We identified two divergent Pacific clades with evidence for admixture along the East Pacific coast. Two west-to-east (trans-Pacific) colonization events support the key role of the North Pacific Current. Time-calibrated nuclear and chloroplast phylogenies yielded concordant estimates of the arrival of Z. marina in the Atlantic through the Canadian Arctic, suggesting that eelgrass-based ecosystems, hotspots of biodiversity and carbon sequestration, have only been present there for ~243 ky (thousand years). Mediterranean populations were founded ~44 kya, while extant distributions along western and eastern Atlantic shores were founded at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (~19 kya), with at least one major refuge being the North Carolina region. The recent colonization and five- to sevenfold lower genomic diversity of the Atlantic compared to the Pacific populations raises concern and opportunity about how Atlantic eelgrass might respond to rapidly warming coastal oceans.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Subcellular to shoot-scale photoacclimation of intertidal temperate seagrass Zostera marina to light attenuation (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Description: The dataset compiles pigment content, absorptance data, photosynthetic parameters and primary production data as proxies for summertime photoacclimation of the temperate intertidal eelgrass Zostera marina after a 25-day exposure to a natural light intensity gradient (6, 36, 74, 133, 355, 503 and 860 µmol photons/m²/s) under laboratory conditions at the Pointe-au-Père research station, East Rimouski, Quebec, Canada. The data bundle contains: 1) photosynthetic and total absorptance data at the end of the experiment, which respectively represent the fraction of incident visible light absorbed by the photosynthetic tissues corrected and not corrected for non-photosynthetic absorption; 2) pigment content at the end of the experiment, which includes chlorophyll a and b and total carotenoids contents; 3) photosynthetic parameters obtained by Rapid Light Curves (RLC) on days 5 and 25, including photosynthetic apparatus efficiency (alpha), capacity (ETRmax) and saturation (Ek); 4) whole shoot primary production at the end of the experiment, which was calculated from oxygen fluxes under light and dark conditions, and normalized by leaf surface.
    Keywords: Acclimation; East_Rimouski; Eelgrass; Hand picking; Laboratory experiment; light intensity; PAM fluorometry; photophysiology; Quebec, Canada; subarctic; Zostera marina
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    TOBB: Canada's three oceans of benthic biodiversity database - data in original xlsx format (2020)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Keywords: alpha diversity; Arctic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean; benthic invertebrates; biodiversity conservation; Canada_I; energy-diversity relationship; marine protected area; Pacific Ocean; productivity-diversity relationship; seafloor biodiversity
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet, 3.5 MBytes
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    Abundances of intertidal macro-species measured through a multi-factorial in situ experiment of 10 weeks in a eelgrass bed in St. Lawrence Estuary (Baie-Saint-Ludger, Canada) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Description: We evaluated single and interactive effects of density reduction of Zostera marina L., a habitat-forming species, shading, and sediment nutrient enrichment on the response of intertidal epibenthic macro-species abundances. Abundances were measured two weeks after reducing eelgrass density (Period T1), then nutrients were added to the sediments and shades were added above the bed. Abundances were measured three weeks later (Period T2), then shades were taken down. Final abundances were measured five weeks later (Period T3). Epibenthos was collected using mesh bags (mesh size of 500 µm, diameter about 18 cm), each individual collected was identified then sifted through a series of sieves to determine biomass in ash free dry weight (AFDW; see doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.931116).
    Keywords: Abundance; Calliopius laeviusculus; Cancer irroratus, megalopa; Counting 〉500 µm fraction; Crassicorophium bonellii; DATE/TIME; Density; Ecrobia truncata; Edotia triloba; Eelgrass; Gammarus lawrencianus; Gammarus oceanicus; Gammarus sp., juvenile; Gammarus tigrinus; Hippolytidae; Idotea phosphorea; intertidal; invertebrates; Jaera albifrons; Lacuna vincta; LATITUDE; Littorina saxatilis; LONGITUDE; Macoma balthica; Margarites costalis; Mesodesma arctatum; MULT; Multiple investigations; multiple stress; Mya arenaria; Mya truncata; Mysis gaspensis; Mysis sp.; Mysis stenolepis; Mytilus spp.; Nereis pelagica; Nutrient; Period; Pholoe minuta; Phoxocephalus holbolli; Plot; Polychaeta; Pontogeneia inermis; Quebec, Canada; Sample code/label; Shading; StLawrence_Estuary; stress interaction; Tectura testudinalis; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4320 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    Macro-species taxonomy measured through a multi-factorial in situ experiment of 10 weeks in a eelgrass bed in St. Lawrence Estuary (Baie-Saint-Ludger, Canada) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Description: We evaluated single and interactive effects of density reduction of Zostera marina L., a habitat-forming species, shading, and sediment nutrient enrichment on the response of intertidal epibenthic macro-species. Epibenthos was collected using mesh bags (mesh size of 500 µm, diameter about 18 cm). This dataset reports all species identified through the experiment and their taxonomic classification.
    Keywords: Abundance; Class; Eelgrass; Family; Genus; intertidal; invertebrates; Kingdom; MULT; Multiple investigations; multiple stress; Order; Phylum; Quebec, Canada; Registration number of species; Species; StLawrence_Estuary; stress interaction; Uniform resource locator/link to reference
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 253 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 9
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    Relative eelgrass leaf elongation and microalgal epiphyte load on eelgrass leaf measured through a multi-factorial in situ experiment of 10 weeks in a eelgrass bed in St. Lawrence Estuary (Baie-Saint-Ludger, Canada) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Description: We evaluated single and interactive effects of density reduction of Zostera marina L., a habitat-forming species, shading, and sediment nutrient enrichment on the response of eelgrass relative leaf elongation (RLE) and of microalgal epiphyte load on leaves. REL was evaluated once, as a proxy for growth, using five shoots per plot that were each marked with a reference hole at the top of the sheath using a pushpin marked at the end of Period T1 (two weeks after reducing eelgrass density and at the same time than adding nutrients sediment enrichment and shades). After 19 days, we collected the shoots and brought them back to the lab where leaf elongation was measured as the displacement of the mark relative to the reference mark on the oldest nongrowing leaf (Olesen & Sand-Jensen 1994). Total leaf elongation was then divided by sheath length and the number of days of elongation. We estimated the epiphyte (microalgae) load on eelgrass by scraping the leaves of one randomly selected shoot; we then filtered the water containing the epiphytes on GF/F filters that were then kept wrapped in aluminum foil at -80 °C until analysis. Epiphyte load was assessed using chlorophyll extraction with 90% acetone, following Parsons et al. (1984). Calculated chlorophyll weight was then divided by shoot dry weight.
    Keywords: Abundance; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a analysis (Parsons et al., 1984, Pergamon Press, Oxford); Chlorophyll b; DATE/TIME; Density; Eelgrass; intertidal; invertebrates; Leaf growth rate, relative; MULT; Multiple investigations; multiple stress; Nutrient; Period; Plot; Quebec, Canada; Sample code/label; Shading; StLawrence_Estuary; stress interaction; Total elongation of leaves using a push-pin hole divided by sheath lenght and number of days of elongation; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 400 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 10
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    Abundances of intertidal macro-species measured through a multi-factorial in situ experiment of 10 weeks in a eelgrass bed in St. Lawrence Estuary (Baie-Saint-Ludger, Canada) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-07
    Description: We evaluated single and interactive effects of density reduction of Zostera marina L., a habitat-forming species, shading, and sediment nutrient enrichment on the response of intertidal epibenthic macro-species abundances. Abundances were measured two weeks after reducing eelgrass density (Period T1), then nutrients were added to the sediments and shades were added above the bed. Abundances were measured three weeks later (Period T2), then shades were taken down. Final abundances were measured five weeks later (Period T3). Epibenthos was collected using mesh bags (mesh size of 500 µm, diameter about 18 cm), each individual collected was identified then sifted through a series of sieves as a proxy for biomass (ash free dry weight; AFDW).
    Keywords: Abundance; Counting 〉8.0 mm fraction; Counting 0.5-0.7 mm fraction; Counting 0.7-1.0 mm fraction; Counting 1.0-1.4 mm fraction; Counting 1.4-2.0 mm fraction; Counting 2.0-2.8 mm fraction; Counting 2.8-4.0 mm fraction; Counting 4.0-5.6 mm fraction; Counting 5.6-8.0 mm fraction; Density; Eelgrass; Epifaunal species abundance; intertidal; invertebrates; MULT; Multiple investigations; multiple stress; Nutrient; Period; Plot; Quebec, Canada; Shading; Species; StLawrence_Estuary; stress interaction; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10640 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
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