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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During January 1989, phytoplankton biomass and species composition were studied in a north / south transect at the Weddell / Scotia Confluence (47°W), between 57° and 61°30′S. Results showed a diatom bloom in the Scotia Sea (chlorophyll a 1.9 μg l−1, particulate organic carbon 239 μg l−1), dominated by Fragilariopsis cylindrus, Dactyliosolen antarcticus and Chaetoceros dichaeta. Low chlorophyll a / phaeopigments ratios (about 1.4) and silicate concentrations (15 μmol l−1) suggested that this was an advanced bloom phase, probably linked to high grazing pressure. Minimum chlorophyll a values of 0.1–0.2 μg l−1 and particulate organic carbon 46 μg l−1 were found at the Weddell / Scotia Front and in a subsurface layer of the Weddell Sea Water. In the southern part of the transect (61°30′S), in the Weddell Sea, a second surface maximum was found (chlorophyll a 0.9 μg l−1, particulate organic carbon 120 μg l−1), but with a different species composition, with Cryptomonas sp. dominant. Our results show a succession within the diatom community in the Weddell / Scotia Confluence Waters when comparing the three EPOS legs. In the Weddell Sea from spring to summer, nanoflagellates, with only a minor contribution from diatoms, persist over a long period with little change in the community structure. We suggest that the frontal system, together with the receding ice edge and the grazing pressure of either krill or protozooplankton, are mainly responsible for the phytoplankton distribution patterns found.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 65 (1983), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Petunia ; Peroxidase ; Differential allelic expression ; Internal site mutations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In P. hybrida and the putative progenitor species P. axillaris s. l. and P. integrifolia s. l. five mobility alleles of the structural gene prxA were found. The five alleles show differential expression during development of tissue and plant, caused by internal site mutations. Analysis of young but not yet flowering plants heterozygous for prxA showed that the allele prxA3 is expressed first, followed by the alleles prxA2, prxA5, prxA4 and prxA1, in that order. In mature leaves of young flowering plants the prxA2 allele has the highest expression level, followed by the alleles prxA3, prxA5, prxA4 and prxA1. In mature and old leaves of old plants the expression level of the alleles prxA2, prxA3, prxA4 and prxA5 is about equal, whereas that of the prxA1 allele is about twice as high. Crossing experiments suggested that between the plants used no external site differences exist that cause clearly detectable changes in developmental allozyme balance. Fast moving anodic peroxidases were detected that have a variable mobility over a considerable distance. The probability that these enzymes are precursors of the PRXa enzymes is discussed.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 47 (1991), S. 838-841 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Vitamin D3 receptor ; dihydroxy-vitamin D3 ; bursa of Fabricius ; ontogeny of immune system ; B lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The vitamin D3 metabolite 1,25(OH)2D3 is probably involved in B lymphocyte ontogeny. We therefore determined the distribution of the 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen cells of 7-day-old chicks, by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody against the chick intestinal cell 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor. The bursa cells of young (7-day-old) chicks contained large amounts of receptor while the spleen cells did not. The bursa cells of older (35-day-old) chicks contained fewer receptors, but the number of receptors in the spleen increased.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 46 (1990), S. 1060-1063 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Bursa of Fabricius ; cell culture ; cytokeratin ; REp cells ; electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The REp cells of the bursa follicle medulla of chicken were isolated in vitro. Culture of the REp cells was maintained over a period of 10 days and the cells were observed at 3 and 10 days by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence. The use of an anticytokeratin monoclonal antibody confirmed their epithelial nature. TEM observations showed the presence of desmonsomes and tonofilaments, which are characteristic of epithelial cells. Furthermore, to some extent the cells regenerated in vitro the network they form in vivo. Though the growth rate becomes slower with time, the features of the REp cells do not significantly change.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Chicken ; thymus ; bursa of Fabricius ; MDR ; mdr genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The presence of a multidrug resistance (MDR) related protein, P-170, in normal and pathological lymphoid cells has been described. The present report evaluates the expression of themdr 1 gene by using the reverse Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) on cells obtained from the thymus and bursa of chicken embryos starting from day 12 until hatching. Results show that the thymic cells are positive from day 12 to the end of the observation period. In contrast,mdr mRNA was detected in the bursa from day 14 to day 17 of embryonic life. Possible relationships between the expression ofmdr and the development of T and B lymphocytes are discussed.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Systemic sclerosis ; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The association of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a rare event whose pathogenesis remains to be clarified. We describe a case of NHL in a patient with SSc, in whom the NHL was particular in terms of clinical presentation (primitive muscle and bone involvement) and histologic type (large multilobated B-cell variant). The lymphoma was clinically aggressive but responded well to therapy. Surveillance for the development of "atypical" NHL is suggested in SSc cases.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 57 (2000), S. 1990-1996 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. MDCK cells; RhoA; HGF; extracellular matrix; immunocytochemistry.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The small G protein Rho subfamily controls several cellular events such as growth, movement, proliferation and differentiation by rearranging actin and cytoskeleton proteins. Most of these effects are mediated by the activation of growth factor and extracellular matrix molecule receptors, suggesting a role for Rho molecules in the transduction pathway of these receptors. Despite the importance of Rho peptides in fundamental cellular events, data on their subcellular immunolocalisation are sparse: here we investigated the expression and subcellular localisation of RhoA in resting (cultured on plastic) and activated (Matri-cell or hepatocyte growth factor) MDCK cells by immunoperoxidase and immunogold techniques. Resting MDCK cells contain detectable amounts of RhoA mainly localised in the cytoplasm; RhoA expression is significantly enhanced by Matri-cell substrates that promote translocation of RhoA at the membrane level. This enhancing effect is reduced after exposure to hepatocyte growth factor.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Unstable alleles ; Flower variegation ; Gene regulation ; Petunia hybrida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In a progeny of a selfed individual of the dark red-flowered cultivar ‘Roter Vogel’ some white-flowered plants appeared as the result of a mutation of the genetic factor Anl involved in anthocyanin synthesis. The white flowers of these plants had red spots owing to back-mutations in the dermal cells of the young corolla. Owing to a striking unstability of the new allele of Anl, a number of mutants originated which differ mutually in the frequency of reversion, which expressed itself in the very substantial differences in the spot density of the limb of the corolla. Between a mean number of less than one spot per cm2 of the limb and a mean number of over 10.000 spots/cm2, a series of transitions was found. The reversions did not remain restricted to the young epidermis but also occurred in sporogenous tissues. This resulted in the appearance of selfcoloured red descendants of plants with red-spotted white flowers. There is a positive correlation between the spot density of the parent plants and the percentage of plants with completely red corollas. The red spots on the corolla usually have the same colour as the wild type (‘Roter Vogel’), but occasionally mutants occur with paler spots, the colour varying from a very pale pink to a red nearly as deep as in the wild type. The selfcoloured descendants of such mutants also show this colour variation from pale pink to red. On the grounds of these observations a theory was formulated which postulates that the Anl locus consists of a structural gene responsible for an enzyme active during anthocyanin synthesis and a regulatory element built up from intermediate repetitive DNA. This regulatory element in turn is built up of two components, one of which, the ‘mutator’, decides the activation of the structural gene while the other, the ‘expressor’, modifies the rate of activation. The mutations must be considered representative of larger or smaller deletions within one or both of these components. Reversions are the result of the restoration of the deletions by means of an amplification of the repetitive DNA in dividing cells of the developing flower buds.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Anthocyanin synthesis ; Unstable genes ; Petunia hybrida
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The difference in colour intensity between flowers of sporogenic revertants of the white flowering lines W17 and W28 is caused by an incompletely dominant gene Inl. This gene is not linked to the anthocyanin gene Anl. In the dominant state Inl causes a 50% decrease in colour intensity of selfcoloured red flowers. Chromatographic analysis of anthocyanins of plants homozygous recessive or dominant for Inl showed that the same anthocyanins are produced in both genotypes (cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-diglucoside). Anthocyanin synthesis starts at the same stage of development of the flower in both genotypes. When the bud reaches a length of approximately 45 mm, however, anthocyanin synthesis in the Inl Inl line slows down. No influence of the gene Inl on the concentration of dihydroquercetin-7-glucoside in buds and flowers could be observed, which indicates that the influence of Inl on flower colour development is restricted to the last part of the biosynthesis of anthocyanins, i.e. the conversion of dihydroflavonols into anthocyanins. In addition to Inl having a decreasing effect on flower colour intensity, evidence is produced that the gene Inl also influences the reversion frequency of unstable alleles of the gene Anl.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 66 (1983), S. 173-178 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Petunia ; Peroxidase ; Differential allelic expression ; Internal and external site mutations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In Petunia four alleles of the gene prxB could be identified by starch gel electrophoresis. Investigation of PRXb allozyme balance during development of tissue and plant of prxB heterozygotes showed differential temporal expression of the four mobility alleles. Analysis of developmental allozyme balance of prxB2/B3 heterozygotes from F1 and F2 progenies indicated the presence of a trans-acting regulatory gene termed Rp1. Segregation for the gene Rp1 indicated monogenic inheritance. Independent segregation of the genes Rp1 and prxB was found. When homozygous and recessive, the gene Rp1 speeds up the start of expression in enzyme activity of the prxB2 allele. The alleles prxB1 and prxB4 are expressed later in development than the alleles prxB2 and prxB3, no matter the Rp1 genotype. The final expression level of the prxB alleles is different for all four alleles, irrespective of the Rp1 genotype.
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