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  • AGU Publications  (1)
  • Springer  (1)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1165
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract On the basis of thermodynamical modelling it was proves that pressure and temperature variations may induce precipitation of barite, anhydrite/gypsum and celestite in geothermyl power plants. The precipitation dynamics of earth-alkaline sulfates has been investigated in a column experiment simulating in-situ conditions for pressure, temperature, and salinity (216 g/l). In this paper we describe the experimental setup for simulating pressures up to 250 bar and high temperatures in a sandstone core. Additional precipitation experiments confirmed the expected second-orer reaction for the precipitation of barite at a medium rate of 2.5 · 10 −4 l · mg −1 · h −1 . The experiments show that the solubility of barite (2.5 mg/l Ba and 450 mg/ISO 4 ) is higher than the model forecast. Precipitation of celestite and anhydrite/gypsum was not observed. During the column experiments with a sandstone core under in-situ conditions no precipitation of barite, anhydrite/gypsum and celestite took place.
    Notes: Kurzfassung Wie geochemisch-thermodynamische Modellierungen gezeigt haben, können während des Betriebs einer geothermischen Heizanlage durch Druck- und Temperaturveränderungen Baryt, Anhydrit/Gips oder Cölestin ausfallen. Das Fällungsverhalten der Erdalkalisulfate wurde unter In-situ-Bedingungen (Druck, Temperatur, Salinität 216 g/l) in einem Durchströmungsversuch bestimmt. Es wird eine Durchströmungsanlage vorgestellt, die Drucke bis zu 250 bar und hohe Temperaturen bei der Durchströmung eines Sandsteinkerns zuläßt. Ergänzende Fällungsexperimente bestätigen eine zu erwartende Reaktion zweiter Ordnung bei der Kristallisation von Baryt mit einer mittleren Geschwindigkeitskonstanten von 2,5 · 10 −4 l · mg −1 · h −1 . Die real lösliche Menge Baryt (2,5 mg/l Ba und 450 mg/ISO 4 ) ist höher als das thermodynamische Gleichgewicht vorhersagt. Cölestin und Anhydrit oder Gipsausfällungen konnten nicht nachgewiesen werden. Bei der Durchströmung des Sandsteinkerns unter In-situ-Bedingungen findet keine Ausfällung von Baryt, Anhydrit/Gips oder Cölestin statt. Obwohl Kristallisationskeime im Sandstein vorhanden sind, erfolgt keine Fällung aus den metastabilen Lösungen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2018-06-12
    Description: The seasonality of hydroclimate during past periods of warmer than modern global temperatures is a critical component for understanding future climate change scenarios. Although only partially analogous to these scenarios, the last interglacial (LIG, Marine Isotope Stage 5e, ~127–117 ka) is a popular test bed. We present coral δ18O monthly resolved records from multiple Bonaire (southern Caribbean) fossil corals (Diploria strigosa) that date to between 130 and 118 ka. These records represent up to 37 years and cover a total of 105 years, offering insights into the seasonality and characteristics of LIG tropical Atlantic hydroclimate. Our coral δ18O records and available coral Sr/Ca-sea surface temperature (SST) records reveal new insights into the variable relationship between the seasonality of tropical Atlantic seawater δ18O (δ18Oseawater) and SST. Coral δ18O seasonality is found to covary with SST and insolation seasonality throughout the LIG, culminating in significantly higher than modern values at 124 and 126 ka. At 124 ka, we reconstruct a 2 month lead of the coral δ18O versus the Sr/Ca-SST annual cycle and increased δ18Oseawater seasonality. A fully coupled climate model simulates a concomitant increase of southern Caribbean Sea summer precipitation and depletion of summer δ18Oseawater. LIG hydroclimate at Bonaire differed from today's semiarid climate with a minor rainy season during winter. Cumulatively, our coral δ18O, δ18Oseawater, and model findings indicate a mid-LIG northward expansion of the South American Intertropical Convergence Zone into the southern Caribbean Sea, highlighting the importance of regional aspects within model and proxy reconstructions of LIG hydroclimate seasonality.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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