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  • 2020-2024  (35)
  • 2010-2014  (66)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Report and preliminary results of RV Poseidon cruise P451-2 : practical training cruise "From cruise organisation to marine geological sampling" ; shipboard training for PhD students on RV Poseidon in the gulf of Cádiz, Spain ; Portimão - Lisbon, 24 April - 01 May 2013 (2013)
    Bremen : MARUM
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource
    Series Statement: Berichte aus dem MARUM und dem Fachbereich Geowissenschaften der Universität Bremen 294
    URL: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00103237-17
    URN: urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00103237-17
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Cold-water coral growth in the Alboran Sea related to high productivity during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene (2013)
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine Geology, 339 . pp. 71-82.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-24
    Description: Highlights: • First insight into the long-term development of cold-water corals in the Alboran Sea • Extensive cold-water coral growth in the Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene • Periods of cold-water corals growth are linked to enhanced marine productivity. Abstract: Cold-water corals are common along the Moroccan continental margin off Melilla in the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean Sea), where they colonise and largely cover mound and ridge structures. Radiocarbon ages of the reef-forming coral species Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata sampled from those structures, reveal that they were prolific in this area during the last glacial–interglacial transition with pronounced growth periods covering the Bølling–Allerød interstadial (13.5–12.8 ka BP) and the Early Holocene (11.3–9.8 ka BP). Their proliferation during these periods is expressed in vertical accumulation rates for an individual coral ridge of 266–419 cm ka− 1 that consists of coral fragments embedded in a hemipelagic sediment matrix. Following a period of coral absence, as noted in the records, cold-water corals re-colonised the area during the Mid-Holocene (5.4 ka BP) and underwater photographs indicate that corals currently thrive there. It appears that periods of sustained cold-water coral growth in the Melilla Coral Province were closely linked to phases of high marine productivity. The increased productivity was related to the deglacial formation of the most recent organic rich layer in the western Mediterranean Sea and to the development of modern circulation patterns in the Alboran Sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.margeo.2013.04.009
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Sedimentation patterns on a cold-water coral mound off Mauritania (2014)
    Elsevier
    In:  Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography, 99 . pp. 307-315.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-24
    Description: Highlights: • Cold-water coral mound formation is mainly influenced by the baffling of fine grained material within a coral framework. • Mass wasting appears to be an important mound progradation process. • Even heavily reworked sediments contain valuable information on the original mound aggradation processes. Abstract: An unconformity-bound glacial sequence (135 cm thick) of a coral-bearing sediment core collected from the flank of a cold-water coral mound in the Banda Mound Province off Mauritania was analysed. In order to study the relation between coral framework growth and its filling by hemipelagic sediments, U-series dates obtained from the cold-water coral species Lophelia pertusa were compared to 14C dates of planktonic foraminifera of the surrounding matrix sediments. The coral ages, ranging from 45.1 to 32.3 ka BP, exhibit no clear depositional trend, while on the other hand the 14C dates of the matrix sediment provide ages within a much narrower time window of 〈3000 yrs (34.6–31.8 cal ka BP), corresponding to the latest phase of the coral growth period. In addition, high-resolution computer tomography data revealed a subdivision of the investigated sediment package into three distinct parts, defined by the portion and fragmentation of corals and associated macrofauna as well as in the density of the matrix sediments. Grain size spectra obtained on the matrix sediments show a homogeneous pattern throughout the core sediment package, with minor variations. These features are interpreted as indicators of redeposition. Based on the observed structures and the dating results, the sediments were interpreted as deposits of a mass wasting event, namely a debris flow. During this event, the sediment unit must have been entirely mixed; resulting in averaging of the foraminifera ages from the whole unit and giving randomly distributed coral ages. In this context, for the first time mass wasting is proposed to be a substantial process of mound progradation by exporting material from the mound top to the flanks. Hence, it may not only be an erosional feature but also widening the base of the mound, thus allowing further vertical mound growth.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr2.2013.07.004
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Glacial cold-water coral growth in the Gulf of Cádiz: Implications of increased palaeo-productivity (2010)
    Elsevier
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 298 (3-4). pp. 405-416.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: A set of 40 Uranium-series datings obtained on the reef-forming scleractinian cold-water corals Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata revealed that during the past 400 kyr their occurrence in the Gulf of Cádiz (GoC) was almost exclusively restricted to glacial periods. This result strengthens the outcomes of former studies that coral growth in the temperate NE Atlantic encompassing the French, Iberian and Moroccan margins dominated during glacial periods, whereas in the higher latitudes (Irish and Norwegian margins) extended coral growth prevailed during interglacial periods. Thus it appears that the biogeographical limits for sustained cold-water coral growth along the NE Atlantic margin are strongly related to climate change. By focussing on the last glacial-interglacial cycle, this study shows that palaeo-productivity was increased during the last glacial. This was likely driven by the fertilisation effect of an increased input of aeolian dust and locally intensified upwelling. After the Younger Dryas cold event, the input of aeolian dust and productivity significantly decreased concurrent with an increase in water temperatures in the GoC. This primarily resulted in reduced food availability and caused a widespread demise of the formerly thriving coral ecosystems. Moreover, these climate induced changes most likely caused a latitudinal shift of areas with optimum coral growth conditions towards the northern NE Atlantic where more suitable environmental conditions established with the onset of the Holocene.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.08.017
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Review of the Central and South Atlantic Shelf and Deep-Sea Benthos: Science, Policy, and Management (2023)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-21
    Description: The Central and South Atlantic represents a vast ocean area and is home to a diverse range of ecosystems and species. Nevertheless, and similar to the rest of the global south, the area is comparatively understudied yet exposed to increasing levels of multisectoral pressures. To counteract this, the level of scientific exploration in the Central and South Atlantic has increased in recent years and will likely continue to do so within the context of the United Nations (UN) Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Here, we compile the literature to investigate the distribution of previous scientific exploration of offshore (30 m+) ecosystems in the Central and South Atlantic, both within and beyond national jurisdiction, allowing us to synthesise overall patterns of biodiversity. Furthermore, through the lens of sustainable management, we have reviewed the existing anthropogenic activities and associated management measures relevant to the region. Through this exercise, we have identified key knowledge gaps and undersampled regions that represent priority areas for future research and commented on how these may be best incorporated into, or enhanced through, future management measures such as those in discussion at the UN Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction negotiations. This review represents a comprehensive summary for scientists and managers alike looking to understand the key topographical, biological, and legislative features of the Central and South Atlantic.
    Type: Book chapter , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 6
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    Cold-water coral reefs thriving under hypoxia (2020)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Reefs formed by scleractinian cold-water corals represent unique biodiversity hot spots in the deep sea, preferring aphotic water depths of 200–1000 m. The distribution of the most prominent reef-building species Lophelia pertusa is controlled by various environmental factors including dissolved oxygen concentrations and temperature. Consequently, the expected ocean deoxygenation and warming triggered by human-induced global change are considered as a serious threat to cold-water coral reefs. Here, we present results on recently discovered reefs in the SE Atlantic, where L. pertusa thrives in hypoxic and rather warm waters. This sheds new light on its capability to adapt to extreme conditions, which is facilitated by high surface ocean productivity, resulting in extensive food supply. Putting our data in an Atlantic-wide perspective clearly demonstrates L. pertusa’s ability to develop population-specific adaptations, which are up to now hardly considered in assessing its present and future distributions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Deglacial upslope shift of NE Atlantic intermediate waters controlled slope erosion and cold-water coral mound formation (Porcupine Seabight, Irish margin) (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-08
    Description: Highlights • Holocene cold-water coral mound formation started non-synchronous in Belgica province. • Coral mounds and slope sediments record changes in intermediate water mass dynamics. • Increased turbulent bottom currents steered slope erosion and mound formation. • Internal waves at the ENAW-MOW boundary enhance energy supply and particle flux. • Transition zone between the ENAW-MOW shifted 250 m upslope during the last deglacial. Abstract Turbulent bottom currents significantly influence the formation of cold-water coral mounds and sedimentation processes on continental slopes. Combining records from coral mounds and adjacent slope sediments therefore provide an unprecedented palaeo-archive to understand past variations of intermediate water-mass dynamics. Here, we present coral ages from coral mounds of the Belgica province (Porcupine Seabight, NE Atlantic), which indicate a non-synchronous Holocene re-activation in mound formation suggested by a temporal offset of ∼2.7 kyr between the deep (start: ∼11.3 ka BP at 950 m depth) and shallow (start: ∼8.6 ka BP at 700 m depth) mounds. A similar depth-dependent pattern is revealed in the slope sediments close to these mounds that become progressively younger from 22.1 ka BP at 990 m to 12.2 ka BP at 740 m depth (based on core-top ages). We suggest that the observed changes are the consequence of enhanced bottom-water hydrodynamics, caused by internal waves associated to the re-invigoration of the Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) and the development of a transition zone (TZ) between the MOW and the overlying Eastern North Atlantic Water (ENAW), which established during the last deglacial. These highly energetic conditions induced erosion adjacent to the Belgica mounds and supported the re-initiation of mound formation by increasing food and sediment fluxes. The striking depth-dependent patterns are likely linked to a shift of the ENAW-MOW-TZ, moving the level of maximum energy ∼250 m upslope since the onset of the last deglaciation.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Natural hypoxic conditions do not affect the respiration rates of the cold-water coral Desmophyllum pertusum (Lophelia pertusa) living in the Angola margin (Southeastern Atlantic Ocean) (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Highlights: • The cold-water coral Desmophyllum pertusum from reefs off Angola showed the same respiration rates at hypoxic and normoxic oxygen concentration. • The respiration rates measured are in the same order of magnitude as those previously observed for the species under normoxic conditions in other areas. Abstract: Large, well-developed and flourishing reefs dominated by the cold-water coral Desmophyllum pertusum have recently been discovered along the Angola margin in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean living under very low oxygen concentrations (0.6–1.5 mL L−1). This study assessed the respiration rates of this coral in a short-term (10 days) aquarium experiment under naturally low oxygen concentrations (1.4 ± 0.5 mL L−1) as well as under saturated oxygen concentrations (6.1 ± 0.6 mL L−1). We found no significant difference in respiration rates between the two oxygen concentrations. Furthermore, the respiration rates of D. pertusum were in the same order of magnitude as those of the same species living under normoxic conditions in other areas. This work expands the current knowledge on the metabolic activity of cold-water corals under hypoxic conditions, evidencing that low oxygen conditions are not a general limiting factor for the overall distribution of D. pertusum.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: other
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Northeastern Atlantic cold-water coral reefs and climate (2011)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-01
    Description: U-series age patterns obtained on reef framework-forming cold-water corals collected over a nearly 6000-km-long continental margin sector, extending from off Mauritania (17{degrees}N; northwest Africa) to the southwestern Barents Sea (70{degrees}N; northeastern Europe), reveal strong climate influences on the geographical distribution and sustained development of these ecosystems. Over the past three glacial-interglacial cycles, framework-forming cold-water corals (Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata) seem to have predominantly populated reefs, canyons, and patches in the temperate East Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Above 50{degrees}N corals colonize reefs in the northern East Atlantic primarily during warm climate periods with the biogeographic limit advancing from [~]50{degrees}N to [~]70{degrees}N. We propose that north-south oscillations of the biogeographic limit of reef developments are paced by ice ages and may occur synchronously with north-south displacement of cold nutrient-rich intermediate waters and surface productivity related to changes of the polar front.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 10
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    Environmental forcing of the Campeche cold-water coral province, southern Gulf of Mexico (2014)
    Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2014. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Biogeosciences 11 (2014): 1799-1815, doi:10.5194/bg-11-1799-2014.
    Description: With an extension of 〉 40 km2 the recently discovered Campeche cold-water coral province located at the northeastern rim of the Campeche Bank in the southern Gulf of Mexico belongs to the largest coherent cold-water coral areas discovered so far. The Campeche province consists of numerous 20–40 m-high elongated coral mounds that are developed in intermediate water depths of 500 to 600 m. The mounds are colonized by a vivid cold-water coral ecosystem that covers the upper flanks and summits. The rich coral community is dominated by the framework-building Scleractinia Enallopsammia profunda and Lophelia pertusa, while the associated benthic megafauna shows a rather scarce occurrence. The recent environmental setting is characterized by a high surface water production caused by a local upwelling center and a dynamic bottom-water regime comprising vigorous bottom currents, obvious temporal variability, and strong density contrasts, which all together provide optimal conditions for the growth of cold-water corals. This setting – potentially supported by the diel vertical migration of zooplankton in the Campeche area – controls the delivering of food particles to the corals. The Campeche cold-water coral province is, thus, an excellent example highlighting the importance of the oceanographic setting in securing the food supply for the development of large and vivid cold-water coral ecosystems.
    Description: The research leading to these results has received support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through funding of the WACOM – West Atlantic Cold-water Coral Ecosystems projects, grants HE 3412/17-1 and DU 129/47-1, and through providing ship time. A. Freiwald received funds from the Hessian LOEWE BiK-F Project A3.10, and G. P. Eberli acknowledges the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (grant no. 49017-ND8) for partial support of this research and the industrial associates of the CSL – Center for Carbonate Research at the University of Miami for additional funding. L. Matos has been supported by the FCT scholarship SFRH/BD/72149/2010.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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