Note: Cover -- Dragonflies and Damselflies: Model Organisms for Ecological and Evolutionary Research -- Copyright -- List of Contributors -- List of Reviewers -- Contents -- Foreword -- 1 Introduction to Dragonflies and Damselflies, Second Edition -- SECTION 1 Genomics SECTION EDITOR: Alex Córdoba-Aguilar -- 2 Genomic insights into micro- and macro-evolutionary processes in Odonata -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Genomic insights into population processes -- 2.2.1 Dispersal and connectivity -- 2.2.2 Range shifts and other spatial processes -- 2.3 Adaptation and adaptive trait evolution -- 2.3.1 Environmental adaptation -- 2.3.2 Morphological adaptation -- 2.3.3 Life stage-specific adaptation -- 2.4 Genomic variation associated with hybridization and speciation -- 2.4.1 Insights from genome assemblies into species- and order-specific functional traits -- 2.5 Conclusions and future directions -- References -- 3 Transcriptomic insights into Odonata ecology and evolution -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Color vision -- 3.3 Transcriptomic insight into the eco-evolutionary role of color variation -- 3.3.1 Ecological significance of color variation within and between species -- 3.3.2 Evolution of color phenotypes -- 3.3.3 Pigments -- 3.3.4 Structural colors -- 3.3.5 Genes involved in body color formation -- 3.4 Embryogenesis -- 3.4.1 Gene expression during embryogenesis -- 3.5 Phylo-transcriptomics -- 3.6 Future directions -- 3.6.1 Color vision -- 3.6.2 Color -- 3.6.3 Embryogenesis -- 3.6.4 Phylogenomics -- 3.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- SECTION 2 Organismal Studies -- 4 Functional morphology in Odonata -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Head -- 4.3 Head-thorax articulation -- 4.4 Thorax -- 4.5 Wings -- 4.6 Legs -- 4.7 Abdomen -- Method Boxes -- References -- 5 The biomechanics of odonate flight -- 5.1 Flight mechanics -- 5.2 Muscle activation. , 5.3 Wing structure -- 5.4 Flapping wing aerodynamics -- 5.4.1 Leading-edge vortex -- 5.4.2 Stroke plane -- 5.4.3 Planform -- 5.5 Aerodynamic interactions -- 5.5.1 Wing phasing -- 5.6 Flight control and sensing -- 5.6.1 Passive control -- 5.6.2 Active control -- 5.6.3 Predicting sensory inputs -- 5.7 Concluding remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 Odonata immunity, pathogens, and parasites -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Parasites -- 6.2.1 Viruses -- 6.2.2 Bacteria -- 6.2.3 Gregarines -- 6.2.4 Trematodes -- 6.2.5 Water mites -- 6.2.6 Parasitoids -- 6.2.7 Coinfection -- 6.3 Odonate immunity -- 6.3.1 Overview of insect immunity -- 6.3.2 Components of odonate immunity -- 6.4 Ecology and evolution of immunity and parasites -- 6.4.1 PO and food webs -- 6.4.2 Metacommunity structure -- 6.4.3 Coevolution -- 6.5 Future research directions -- 6.5.1 Genetics -- 6.5.2 Microbiome -- 6.5.3 Climate change -- 6.6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 7 Odonata perception is more than vision -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Adult -- 7.2.1 Antennae -- 7.2.2 Mouthparts and gustatory sensilla -- 7.2.3 The ovipositor sensilla: sensing the plant taste and stiffness -- 7.3 Nymph -- 7.3.1 Antennae -- 7.4 Conclusions and future perspectives -- References -- 8 Thermoregulation in Odonata -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Mechanisms of thermoregulation -- 8.2.1 Ectothermy and behavior -- 8.2.2 Ectothermy and color -- 8.2.3 Endothermy -- 8.3 Global change and thermal limits -- 8.4 Global change and body coloration -- 8.5 Odonate resilience: a link to thermoregulation? -- 8.6 Linking thermoregulation mechanisms to global temperature changes -- 8.7 Some topics for future thermoregulation research -- 8.7.1 Genetics and physiology of thermoregulation -- 8.7.2 Mechanisms of thermoregulation -- 8.7.3 Trade-offs between thermoregulation and other functions. , 8.7.4 Human awareness via insect thermoregulation risk under climate change -- Acknowledgments -- References -- SECTION 3 Population Ecology: Christopher D. Beatty -- 9 Genetic structure, cryptic species, and hybridization causes and evolutionary consequences in Odonata -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Gene flow within species: population genetic structure in odonates -- 9.3 Cryptic species in odonates -- 9.4 Gene flow between species: hybridization in odonates -- 9.5 Conclusions and research directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 10 Odonata survival -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The effect of marking -- 10.3 A review of the literature using marking methods with odonates -- 10.4 The effect of sex and age on survival and recapture rates -- 10.5 The effect of female color polymorphism -- 10.6 Individual and environmental covariates -- 10.7 Conclusions and further research -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 11 Migration in Anisoptera -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Migratory case studies in odonates -- 11.2.1 Anax junius -- 11.2.2 Pantala flavescens -- 11.3 Migration and weather -- 11.4 Migration and reproduction -- 11.5 Population studies in migrating dragonflies -- 11.6 Migrants vs. residents-how might they evolve? -- 11.7 Future directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 12 Dispersal and metapopulation ecology in Odonata -- 12.1 Dispersal biology in ecology and evolution -- 12.2 Dispersal biology in Odonata -- 12.3 Methods for studying dispersal in odonates -- 12.4 Dispersal and population structure -- 12.4.1 Context- and phenotype-dependent dispersal -- 12.4.2 Spatially structured populations -- 12.4.3 Dispersal and species ranges -- 12.5 Dispersal and colonization in the Anthropocene -- 12.5.1 Effects of human alteration of matrix environments on dispersal and habitat colonization -- 12.5.2 Colonization and ecological traps. , 12.6 Future research directions in the study of dispersal in Odonata -- 12.6.1 Dispersal in the context of anthropogenic change -- 12.6.2 Rapidly advancing methods -- 12.6.3 Research across a greater diversity of the world's landscapes -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13 Biogeographical ecology in Odonata -- 13.1 Introduction to biogeography -- 13.1.1 Biogeographical concepts through history -- 13.1.2 Historical and ecological biogeography -- 13.2 Biogeographic realms and odonate species distributions -- 13.2.1 Nearctic -- 13.2.2 Palearctic -- 13.2.3 Indo-Malayan -- 13.2.4 Australasia -- 13.2.5 Oceanic-Pacific -- 13.2.6 Afrotropics -- 13.2.7 Neotropics -- 13.3 Factors influencing odonate distributions -- 13.3.1 Climatic factors -- 13.3.2 Precipitation -- 13.3.3 Temperature -- 13.3.4 Tracking suitable climates: differences in temperature causes different species compositions -- 13.3.5 Geographic barriers -- 13.3.6 Mountains and plains -- 13.3.7 River basins -- 13.3.8 Glaciation patterns -- 13.4 Considerations of scale in odonate biogeographical analysis -- 13.5 Life history evolution in odonate biogeography -- 13.5.1 Latitudinal differences in voltinism -- 13.5.2 Latitudinal patterns in thermal adaptation and space-for-time substitution studies -- 13.6 Conservation Biogeography -- 13.7 Future directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- SECTION 4 Community Ecology -- 14 Evolutionary community ecology of Odonata -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Interactions in odonates -- 14.2.1 Predation-odonates as prey -- 14.2.2 Predation-odonates as predators -- 14.2.3 Competition -- 14.2.4 Parasitism -- 14.2.5 Reproductive interactions -- 14.3 Natural and sexual selection in communities -- 14.3.1 Selection in larvae -- 14.3.2 Selection in adults -- 14.4 Eco-evolutionary effects in communities -- 14.4.1 Adaptation to biotic interactions. , 14.4.2 Adaptation during range expansion -- 14.5 Future directions and conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 15 Ecological differentiation, interference, and coexistence in Odonata -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Coexistence theory -- 15.2.1 Local coexistence -- 15.2.2 Regional (non-local) coexistence -- 15.2.3 Interspecific interference and coexistence -- 15.2.4 Intraspecific interference and coexistence -- 15.3 Empirical studies on coexistence and competition in Odonata assemblages -- 15.3.1 Local coexistence -- 15.3.2 Regional coexistence -- 15.3.3 Exploitative competition among larvae -- 15.3.4 Interference competition among larvae -- 15.3.5 Interspecific aggressive and reproductive interference at the adult stage -- 15.3.6 Intraspecific interference at the adult stage -- 15.4 Conclusions and recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 16 Odonata trophic ecology from hunting behavior to cross-ecosystem impact -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Background to odonate trophic ecology -- 16.2.1 Trophic role of odonates in aquatic food webs -- 16.2.2 Odonate hunting behavior -- 16.2.3 Visual, chemical, and olfactory cues -- 16.3 Shifts and variation in odonate trophic relations -- 16.3.1 Ontogenetic scaling and trophic niche shifts -- 16.3.2 Sex differences in adult diet -- 16.3.3 Carryover effects of larval diet on adult phenotypic traits and fitness -- 16.3.4 Carryover effects of predation risk on adult traits -- 16.3.5 Metamorphosis and shifts from aquatic to terrestrial diets -- 16.4 Trophic and non-trophic interactions in food webs -- 16.4.1 Cannibalism and intraguild predation (IGP) -- 16.4.2 Non-trophic interactions -- 16.4.3 Trophic cascades and cross-ecosystem fluxes -- 16.5 Importance of abiotic factors in odonate trophic ecology -- 16.6 Eco-evolutionary dynamics of trophic interactions -- 16.7 Conclusions and research directions. , Acknowledgments.