Note: e9780123741455v1 -- Front Cover -- Handbook of Cell Signaling -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- Chapter 1. Cell Signaling: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow -- ORIGINS OF CELL SIGNALING -- ENTER POLYPEPTIDE GROWTH FACTORS -- CELL SIGNALING AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL -- LIPID SIGNALING -- CELL SIGNALING TOMORROW -- REFERENCES -- Part I: Initiation: Extracellular and Membrane Events -- INTRODUCTION -- Section A - Molecular Recognition -- Chapter 2. Structural and Energetic Basis of Molecular Recognition -- INTRODUCTION -- PRINCIPLES OF BINDING -- NON-SPECIFIC ASSOCIATION WITH MEMBRANE SURFACES -- PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS -- PROSPECTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3. Free Energy Landscapes in Protein-Protein Interactions -- THERMODYNAMICS OF PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS -- INTERACTION KINETICS -- DISSOCIATION OF A PROTEIN COMPLEX -- THE MODULAR STRUCTURE OF PROTEIN-PROTEIN BINDING SITES -- INTERACTION BETWEEN MEMBRANE-ANCHORED PROTEINS -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4. Molecular Sociology -- TRANSMEMBRANE SIGNALING PARADIGMS -- STRUCTURAL BASIS OF PROTEIN-PROTEIN RECOGNITION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5. Antibody-Antigen Recognition and Conformational Changes -- INTRODUCTION -- ANTIBODY ARCHITECTURE -- CONFORMATIONAL CHANGES -- UNUSUAL STRUCTURAL MODIFICATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6. Binding Energetics in Antigen-Antibody Interfaces -- INTRODUCTION -- THERMODYNAMIC MAPPING OF ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY INTERFACES -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7. Immunoglobulin-Fc Receptor Interactions -- INTRODUCTION -- IMMUNOGLOBULIN STRUCTURE -- Fc RECEPTORS AND THEIR STRUCTURES -- IgG-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS -- IgE-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS -- IgA-RECEPTOR INTERACTIONS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES. , Chapter 8. Ig-Superfold and its Variable Uses in Molecular Recognition -- INTRODUCTION -- THE IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUPERFAMILY -- IG-SUPERFOLD-MEDIATED RECOGNITION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 9. T Cell Receptor/pMHC Complexes -- TCR GENERATION AND ARCHITECTURE -- PEPTIDE BINDING TO MHC CLASS IA AND II -- TCR/pMHC INTERACTION -- ORIENTATION OF THE TCR IN TCR/PMHC COMPLEXES -- PEPTIDE RECOGNITION BY THE TCR CDR LOOPS -- DISCREPANCY BETWEEN MAGNITUDE OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES AND BIOLOGICAL OUTCOMES -- ROLE OF BOUND WATER IN TCR/pMHC RECOGNITION -- CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 10. Mechanistic Features of Cell-Surface Adhesion Receptors -- MECHANOSENSORY MECHANISMS -- CELL-CELL ADHESIONS/ADHERENS JUNCTIONS -- T CELL CO-STIMULATION -- AXON GUIDANCE AND NEURAL DEVELOPMENT -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 11. The Immunological Synapse -- INTRODUCTION -- MIGRATION AND THE IS -- THE MEMBRANE-CYTOSKELETON COMPLEX AND THE IS -- REQUIREMENTS FOR TCR TRIGGERING -- INTEGRATION OF ADAPTIVE AND INNATE RESPONSES -- ROLE OF IS IN T CELL DIFFERENTION -- SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 12. NK Receptors -- IMMUNORECEPTORS -- NATURAL KILLER CELLS -- IG-TYPE NK RECEPTORS: KIR -- OTHER IG-TYPE RECEPTORS ON NK CELLS -- C-TYPE LECTIN-LIKE NK RECEPTORS: LY49A -- C-TYPE LECTIN-LIKE NK RECEPTORS: NKG2D -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 13. Carbohydrate Recognition and Signaling -- INTRODUCTION -- BIOLOGICAL ROLES OF CARBOHYDRATE RECOGNITION -- CARBOHYDRATE STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY -- LECTINS AND CARBOHYDRATE RECOGNITION -- CARBOHYDRATE-MEDIATED SIGNALING -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 14. Rhinovirus-Receptor Interactions -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 15. HIV-1-Receptor Interactions -- MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS -- ATOMIC DETAILS -- RECOGNITION IN THE CONTEXT OF A HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE -- REFERENCES. , Chapter 16. Influenza Virus Neuraminidase Inhibitors -- FLU VIRUS - ROLE OF NA -- STRUCTURE OF NA -- ACTIVE SITE -- INHIBITOR DEVELOPMENT -- RESISTANCE MUTATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 17. Structural Basis of Signaling Events Involving Fibrinogen and Fibrin -- SIGNALING EVENTS INVOLVING CELLS AND PLATELETS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 18. Structural Basis of Integrin Signaling -- INTRODUCTION -- STRUCTURE -- QUATERNARY CHANGES -- TERTIARY CHANGES -- TAIL INTERACTIONS -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 19. Structures of Heterotrimeric G Proteins and their Complexes -- INTRODUCTION -- G SUBUNITS -- G-EFFECTOR INTERACTIONS -- GTP HYDROLYSIS BY G AND ITS REGULATION BY GAPs -- G& -- #946 -- & -- #947 -- DIMERS -- RECEPTOR-INDEPENDENT REGULATORS OF G PROTEIN ACTIVATION -- G& -- #945 -- -GPCR INTERACTIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 20. G Protein-Coupled Receptor Structures -- INTRODUCTION -- CLASSIFICATION -- BASIC CONCEPT OF GPCR -- HETEROTRIMERIC G PROTEINS -- THE VAST COMPLEXITY OF GPCR SIGNALING -- MODELS FOR RECEPTOR ACTIVATION -- STRUCTURES OF EXTRACELLULAR DOMAINS OF GPCRs -- STRUCTURES PROBING THE INACTIVE STATE(S): LIGAND ENTRY, BINDING, AND MODES FOR ACTIVITY BLOCKING -- STRUCTURE OF ACTIVE STATE(S) -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 21. Toll-Like Receptors-Structure and Signaling -- STRUCTURE OF TLR3 -- THE dsRNA BINDING SITE IN hTLR3 -- TLR4 -- MD-2 -- TLR1-TLR2 DIMERIZATION BY A TRI-ACYLATED LIPOPEPTIDE -- SIGNALING -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 22. Variable Lymphocyte Receptors -- INTRODUCTION -- VLR GENE ASSEMBLY -- VLR-B ANTIBODY RESPONSES -- MONOCLONAL VLR-B ANTIBODIES -- STRUCTURE OF VLR-B BINDING TO ANTIGEN -- REFERENCES -- Section B - Multi-pass Receptors -- Chapter 23. Structure and Function of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors: Lessons from Recent Crystal Structures. , INTRODUCTION -- RECENT ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL STUDIES OF G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS -- CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF HUMAN & -- #946 -- [sub(2)]AR -- UNDERSTANDING LIGAND BINDING SPECIFICITY IN GPCRs -- STRUCTURAL BASIS OF THE ACTIVE STATE -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 24. Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: Structure and Function -- INTRODUCTION -- CHEMOKINE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION -- CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 25. The & -- #946 -- [sub(2)] Adrenergic Receptor as a Model for G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Structure and Activation by Diffusible Hormones -- INTRODUCTION -- A MODEL SYSTEM FOR GPCRS RECOGNIZING DIFFUSIBLE LIGANDS -- CONFORMATIONAL STATES ON THE PATHWAY TO ACTIVATION -- CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE HUMAN & -- #946 -- [sub(2)]AR -- COMPARISON TO THE STRUCTURE OF RHODOPSIN -- MECHANISM OF AGONIST-INDUCED ACTIVATION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 26. Protease-Activated Receptors -- INTRODUCTION -- MECHANISM OF ACTIVATION -- PROTEASE-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR FAMILY -- ROLES OF PARs IN VIVO -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 27. Agonist-Induced Desensitization and Endocytosis of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors -- GENERAL PROCESSES OF GPCR REGULATION -- MECHANISMS OF GPCR DESENSITIZATION AND ENDOCYTOSIS -- FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF GPCR ENDOCYTOSIS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 28. Functional Role(s) of Dimeric Complexes Formed from G-Protein Coupled-Receptors -- INTRODUCTION -- HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE -- HETERODIMERIZATION ALTERS RECEPTOR FUNCTION -- RECEPTOR HETERODIMERIZATION IN PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 29. Chemotaxis Receptors in Bacteria: Transmembrane Signaling, Sensitivity, Adaptation and Receptor Clustering -- SIGNALING AT PERIPLASMIC LIGAND BINDING DOMAIN -- SIGNALING AT THE CYTOPLASMIC DOMAIN -- ADAPTATION -- CLUSTERING OF THE CHEMORECEPTOR AND SENSITIVITY -- FUTURE STUDIES -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. , REFERENCES -- Chapter 30. An Overview of Ion Channel Structure -- INTRODUCTION -- OBTAINING THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF CHANNELS: METHODS AND CHALLENGES -- PROKARYOTIC ION CHANNELS: GATEWAYS TO FULL LENGTH CHANNEL STRUCTURE -- OPEN CHANNELS -- EUKARYOTIC ION CHANNELS AT HIGH RESOLUTION: WHOLE CHANNELS AND EXPLOITATION OF MODULAR STRUCTURE TO DIVIDE AND CONQUER -- DIVIDE AND CONQUER: EXPLOITATION OF THE MODULAR NATURE OF ION CHANNEL STRUCTURE -- ION CHANNEL COMPLEXES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 31. Molecular Mechanism of Store-Operated Ca[sup(2+)] Signaling and CRAC Channel Activation Mediated by STIM & -- Orai -- INTRODUCTION -- CRAC CHANNEL BIOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES -- STIM SENSES ER CA[sup(2+)] STORE DEPLETION, AGGREGATES, AND TRANSLOCATES TO ER-PLASMA MEMBRANE JUNCTIONS -- ORAI FORMS THE CA[sup(2+)]-SELECTIVE PORE OF THE CRAC CHANNEL -- STIM-INDUCED ACTIVATION OF ORAI CHANNELS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 32. Ion Permeation: Mechanisms of Ion Selectivity and Block -- AQUEOUS PORE -- ION SELECTIVITY -- BLOCK -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 33. Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors -- FUNCTION -- STRUCTURE -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 34. Ion Channels Regulated by Direct Binding of Cyclic Nucleotides -- INTRODUCTION -- 6TM-CNB CHANNEL ARCHITECTURE -- RECEPTOR DOMAIN -- PORE DOMAIN -- VOLTAGE-SENSING DOMAIN -- REFERENCES -- Section C - Horizontal Receptors -- Chapter 35. Overview of Cytokine Receptors -- Chapter 36. Growth Hormone and Prolactin Family of Hormones and Receptors: The Structural Basis for Receptor Activation and Regulation -- INTRODUCTION -- THE GROWTH HORMONE FAMILY OF HORMONES AND RECEPTORS -- TRIGGERING GH AND PRL RECEPTOR ACTIVATION: REVISION TO THE DOGMA -- AN UNANTICIPATED ROLE FOR CYTOKINE HORMONES AS TRANSCRIPTIONAL ENHANCERS -- STRUCTURAL BASIS FOR RECEPTOR HOMODIMERIZATION. , HORMONE SPECIFICITY AND CROSS-REACTIVITY DETERMINES PHYSIOLOGICAL ROLES.