Note: Intro -- Foreword -- Foreword -- Contents -- Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- General Introduction -- Intention of This Book -- Book Content -- References -- Vessels and Ballast Water -- The Importance of Ballast for Vessels -- Vessel's Ballast System -- Vessel Ballast Capacity -- Ballasting and Deballasting Process -- Safety and Legislative Aspects of Loading and Discharging Ballast -- How Much Ballast Water Vessels Discharge? -- Ballast Water Discharge Assessment -- Estimation of Ballast Water Discharges World-Wide -- References -- The Transfer of Harmful Aquatic Organisms and Pathogens with Ballast Water and Their Impacts -- Introduction -- Definition of Terms -- Natural Species Movements -- Human-Assisted Species Movements -- Species in Ballast Water Tanks -- Chain of Events for a Species Introduction -- Transfer and Impacts of Non-indigenous Species -- Box 1: Nature of Impacts -- Transfer and Impacts of Potentially Harmful Phytoplankton Species -- Transfer and Impacts of Cryptogenic Species -- Mya Arenaria -- Teredo Navalis -- Transfer and Impacts of Human Pathogens -- Future Issues and Concerns -- References -- Policy and Legal Framework and the Current Status of Ballast Water Management Requirements -- Policy and Legal Framework for Ballast Water Management -- Global Legal Frameworks Addressing Species Introductions -- Legislation on Ballast Water -- The Americas -- North America -- Canada -- USA -- United States Federal BWM Regulations -- United States Regulation by Individual States -- The "Same Location" Concept Along the USA West Coast -- Central America -- South America -- Europe -- North East Atlantic Ocean, North and Baltic Seas -- Mediterranean Sea -- Black Sea -- Caspian Sea -- Persian Gulf Region -- Malaysia -- China -- Australia -- New Zealand -- References. , Ballast Water Management Under the Ballast Water Management Convention -- The Ballast Water Management Convention -- What Is Ballast Water Management? -- Ballast Water Management Requirements -- Ballast Water Exchange Standard: D-1 Standard -- Ballast Water Exchange Areas -- Undue Delay and Deviation from Planned Route -- Ballast Water Performance Standard: D-2 Standard -- How to Achieve Compliance with the D-2 Standard? -- Warnings Concerning Ballast Water Uptake in Certain Areas -- Ballast Water Reception Facilities -- Sediment Management -- Exemptions from BWM and Additional Measures -- Exceptions from BWM -- Compliance Monitoring -- Implementation of the Ballast Water Management Convention -- A Blanket or a Selective Approach? -- Ballast Water Management Feasibility -- References -- Ballast Water Management Systems for Vessels -- Introduction -- IMO Requirements -- Ballast Water Management Systems -- Ballast Water Management Systems Treatment Technologies -- Filtration -- Hydrocyclone -- Ultraviolet Radiation -- Electrochlorination -- Chemical Dosing -- Neutralisation -- Application of Ballast Water Management Systems Technologies on Vessels -- Ballast Water Management Systems Capacities and Installation Requirements -- Ballast Water Management Systems Testing and Approvals -- The Global Market for Ballast Water Management Systems -- Ballast Water Management Systems Information -- References -- Risk Assessment in Ballast Water Management -- Risk Assessment in Ballast Water Management -- Risk Assessment and Its Key Principles -- Risk Assessment of Harmful Species Introductions -- Risk Assessment Process -- Identification of the Vector of Transfer -- Identification of Hazards -- IMO Risk Assessment Methods -- Environmental Matching Related Risk Identification -- Species' Biogeographical Risk Assessment -- Species-Specific Risk Identification. , Risk Assessment End-Point -- Risk Assessment Errors -- Application of Risk Assessment Under the Ballast Water Management Convention -- Risk Assessment for Granting Exemptions from Ballast Water Management Requirements -- Risk Assessment Framework -- Data Reliability -- Risk Assessment Methods Applied -- Environmental Matching Method -- Species-Specific Method -- Combined Environmental Matching and Species-Specific Method -- Species' Biogeographical Method -- Shipping Vector Factors -- Species Survival of the Voyage -- Quantity and Frequency of Ballast Water Discharges -- Definition of Potential Impacts -- The Main Risk Assessment Model Premises -- The Risk Assessment Model for Granting Exemptions -- Risk Assessment for Selective Ballast Water Management Measures -- Risk Assessment Framework - Background, Principles, Assumptions and End-Point -- Risk Assessment Model for Selective Ballast Water Management Measures -- Implementation of Selective Ballast Water Management Based on Risk Assessment -- References -- Ballast Water Sampling and Sample Analysis for Compliance Control -- Introduction -- Sampling for Compliance Control -- Sampling Methods According to the Sampling Access Point -- Tank Selection - Which Tank to Sample (First)? -- Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-1 Standard -- In-Tank D-1 Standard Sampling -- Selection of Ballast Water Sampling Equipment and Methods for In-Tank D-1 Standard Sampling -- Description of Sampling Equipment and Methods for In-Tank D-1 Standard Sampling -- Water Column Sampler -- Point-Source Sampler -- Pump -- In-Line D-1 Standard Sampling -- Selection of Ballast Water Sampling Equipment and Methods for In-Line D-1 Standard Sampling -- Description of Sampling Equipment and Methods for In-Line D-1 Standard Sampling -- Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-2 Standard. , Indicative Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-2 Standard -- Indicative In-Tank Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-2 Standard -- Selection of Ballast Water Sampling Equipment and Methods for Indicative In-Tank D-2 Sampling -- Description of Sampling Equipment and Methods for Indicative In-Tank D-2 Sampling -- Plankton Net for In-Tank Sampling -- Pumps for In-Tank Sampling -- Water-Column Sampler for In-Tank Sampling -- Point-Source Sampler for In-Tank Sampling -- Indicative In-Line Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-2 Standard -- Selection of Ballast Water Sampling Equipment and Methods for Indicative In-Line D-2 Sampling -- Description of Sampling Methods for Indicative In-Line D-2 Sampling -- Detailed Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-2 Standard -- Detailed In-Tank D-2 Standard Sampling -- Detailed In-Line D-2 Standard Sampling -- Selection of Sampling Equipment and Methods for Detailed In-Line D-2 Standard Sampling -- Recommendations for a Ballast Water Sampling Protocol that Is Representative of the Whole Discharge -- Recommended Sampling Duration -- Recommended Sampling Timing -- Recommended Number of Samples -- Recommended Sample Quantity -- Other Recommendations -- Sampling Logistics Feasibility -- Sampling Equipment and Sampling Point Arrangements -- Sampling Equipment -- Plankton Net for In-Line Sampling -- Wash Bottle -- Plankton Net for In-Tank Sampling -- Flow Meter -- Water Column Sampler -- Point-Source Sampler -- Pumps -- Hand Pump -- Air-Driven Well Pump -- Bucket -- In-Tank Sampling Arrangements on Vessels -- In-Line Sampling Arrangements on Vessels -- Sampling Point -- Sample Handling -- Sample Labelling -- Sample Transport -- Chain of Custody -- Sample Analysis -- Criteria for the Selection of Organism Detection Technologies for Ballast Water Compliance Control -- Accuracy/Precision -- Calibration. , Time to a Result -- Expertise -- Portability -- Costs -- Recommended Technologies to Proof Compliance with the D-1 Standard -- Recommended Technologies to Proof Compliance with the D-2 Standard -- Indicative Sample Analysis Methods -- Detailed Sample Processing Methods -- Discussion -- Recommendations -- References -- Ballast Water Management Decision Support System -- What Is a Decision Support System -- Decision Process and Decision Support System -- Decision Support System Generic Structure -- Decision Support System in Ballast Water Management -- Ballast Water Management Decision Support System Model -- Model High Level Elements and Sequences -- Data Collection and Management Process -- Communication Processes -- Ballast Water Risk Assessment -- Ballast Water Management Decision and Action -- Compliance Monitoring -- Risk Assessment Review Process -- Generic Ballast Water Management Decision Support System Model -- Vessel Intended to Enter a Port -- Decision 1: Was BWRF Filled-In Properly? -- Selection of a Vessel for the RA Process -- Decision 2: Is Vessel Trustworthy? -- Decision 3: Is Ballast Water Management Acceptable? -- Ballast Water Risk Assessment Process -- Decision 4: Is Risk Acceptable? -- Ballast Water Management Process -- Decision 5: What Are Ballast Water Management Options and Consequences? -- Compliance Monitoring and Enforcement -- Decision 6: Vessel Selected for Compliance Monitoring and  Enforcement Process? -- Decision 7: Is Vessel Compliant? -- Decision 8: Penalty? -- Decision 9: Stop Deballasting? -- Decision 10: Allow Discharge of Unmanaged Ballast Water? -- BWRA Review Process -- Decision 11: Risk Assessment Prediction Correct? -- End-Points of the DSS -- References -- Ballast Water Management Decision Support System Model Application -- Introduction -- Studied Area Local Specifics. , Ballast Water Management Options for the Port of Koper.