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  • phylogeny  (9)
  • Scleractinia
  • Strategic planning -- Environmental aspects.
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Hauppauge :Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated,
    Keywords: Environmental impact analysis. ; Strategic planning -- Environmental aspects. ; Environmental policy. ; Sustainable development. ; Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (274 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781612090948
    Series Statement: Environmental Research Advances
    DDC: 333.72
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: IMPACT, MANAGEMENT AND EFFECTS -- GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: IMPACT, MANAGEMENT AND EFFECTS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 THE ROLE OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN THE DETERMINATION OF POLICY LEGITIMACY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: PEOPLE AND PLANET MATTERS -- CASE STUDY: THE COORONG AND LOWER LAKES WETLAND -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT, BIOFUEL: SUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BIOFUELS AND DEFORESTATION -- CROPPING PATTERNS (CONVENTIONAL, ORGANIC AND GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS) -- EFFECT OF BIOMASS COLLECTION ON SOIL CARBON/FERTILITY -- BIOFUELS AND FOOD PRICE -- DIETARY CHOICES AND HEALTH CONCERNS -- FOOD PACKAGING, SUPPLY AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 WOODFUELS USE FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURES' MATERIALIZATION -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 2.1. Application of the Retscreen International Software -- 2.2. Parameters of the Energy Projects -- 2.3. Retscreen Software Characteristics -- 3. EVALUATION OF THE PROJECTS -- 3.1. Environmental Evaluation of the Projects -- 3.2. Financial Evaluation of the Projects -- 3.2.1. Financial Considerations of Energy Projects -- 3.2.2. Financial Outcomes of the Projects -- 4. THE GREEK AND THE WOODFUEL IMPORTS FROM THE NEARBY BALKAN COUNTRIES SCENARIOS -- 5. TWO DIFFERENT SCENARIOS PRESENTATION -- 5.1. Environmental Evaluation of the Scenarios -- 5.2. Financial Evaluation of the Scenarios -- 5.2.1. General Financial Consideration -- 5.2.2. Financial Evaluation of the Scenarios -- 6. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 EVALUATION OF THE ALGORITHMS USED IN CALPUFF MODEL FOR VISIBILITY IMPACT DUE TO INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION. , 1.1. Air Quality Trends in National Parks -- 1.2. Purpose -- 2. METHODOLOGY -- 2.1. Input Data Compilation -- 2.2. Model Selection -- 2.2.1. CALMET Preprocessor -- 2.2.2. CALPUFF Model -- 2.2.3. CALPOST Postprocessor -- Old (Original ) IMPROVE Algorithm -- New IMPROVE Algorithm -- Sea Salt Term -- Organic Mass to Carbon Ratio -- Rayleigh Scattering Factor -- Split Component Extinction Efficiency Model -- NO2 Light Absorption Term -- 2.3. Evaluation of Results -- 2.3.1. Analysis of the Monitoring -- 2.3.2. Analysis of Model Results -- 2.3.3. Evaluation of Predicted Visibility Impact -- 2.3.4. 98th Percentile Method of Evaluation -- 3. INPUT DATABASE DEVELOPMENT -- 3.1.1. Facility Location and Relevant Class I Areas -- 3.2. The CALPUFF/CALMET Model Input Parameters -- 3.2.1. Modeling Domain -- 3.2.2. Receptor Network and Receptor Data -- 3.2.3. Emission Input Data -- 3.2.4. Pollutants Input Data -- 3.2.5. Meteorological Input Parameters -- 3.3. CALPOST Postprocessing Input Parameters -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4.1. Visibility Impact -- 4.2. Comparison of Visibility Results between Two Algorithms -- 5.3. Comparison of Visibility Values between Observed and Predicted Visibility Results -- 6. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 THE STATE OF AIR POLLUTION IN NORTH KOREA IN COMPARISON WITH SOUTH KOREA -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY OF NORTH KOREA -- 3. THE STATE OF AIR POLLUTION IN NORTH KOREA -- 1) The State of Local Air Pollution in North Korea -- The State of Air Pollution of a Rural Area in North Korea: Geumho -- The State of Air Pollution of an Urban Area in North Korea: Pyongyang -- The State of Air Pollution of an Industrial Area in North Korea: Wonsan -- 2) Comparison of Ambient and Personal Exposure Levels of Air Pollution between Seoul and Pyongyang -- Ambient Air Qualities -- NO2 -- SO2. , Personal Exposure -- 3) The Estimation of the Air Pollutants Emissions in North Korea -- Air Pollutants Emissions in North Korea -- Air Pollutants Emissions in Pyongyang -- 4. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Articles in Journals -- Books -- Chapter 6 A DESCRIPTION OF ACCESS TO WATER IN YUCATÁN, MÉXICO -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. WATER SITUATION IN YUCATAN -- 3. ACCESS TO WATER IN YUCATAN -- 3.1. Types of Access to Water -- 3.2. Water Quality -- 3.3. Time Required for Access -- 4. CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 HOW CAN ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES? -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES -- ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING -- Environmental Management Accounting and Cost Assessments -- Environmental Financial Accounting -- Environmental Reporting -- Environmental Auditing -- Environmental Economics or Natural Resource Accounting -- THE POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES -- Identification of Issues -- Development of Environmental Policies -- Implementation of Environmental Policies -- Monitoring the Effects of Environmental Policies -- Reporting on the Effects of Environmental Policies -- Review of Environmental Policies -- HOW CAN THE CONTRIBUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES BE IMPROVED? -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8 EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LAKE MIXING PATTERNS AND WATER QUALITY -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. FACTS ABOUT LAKE TAHOE -- 3. METHODS -- 3.1. Lake Clarity model -- 3.2. Future 40-Year Scenario -- 3.3. Future Trends of Climatic Variables -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- 4.1. Future Trend of Climatic Variables -- 4.2. Lake Warming and Stability Change -- 4.3. Warming Trend in Other Lakes. , 4.4. Possible Effects on Lake due to Warming Trend -- CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 9 THE SUSTAINABLE TERRITORIAL ENVIRONMENTAL/ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT APPROACH TO MANAGE POLICY IMPACTS AND EFFECTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 4.1. The STeM Approach structure -- 4.2. The Conceptual Base of the Model -- 4.3. Easier Hypothesis of the STeM Approach -- 4.3.1. How to Calculate the Development Limit in STeMA -- 2. METHODOLOGY FOR THE PLANNING AND PROJECT CHOICE -- 3. OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES -- 4. CONCLUSION AND OPEN QUESTIONS: SOME REMARKS ON IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT -- REFERENCES -- ESPON 2006 PROGRAMME SOURCES -- Chapter 10 REVIEW OF CORNERSTONE PARAMETERS INFLUENCING FUTURE ENERGY POLICY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. VANISHING CHEAP RESOURCES -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. A Changing World Energy Resource Base -- 1.3. Effects of Global Economies -- 1.4. Conclusion -- 2. POTENTIAL INFLUENCES OF HYDROGEN GAS ON THE ENVIRONMENT -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Hydrogen in our Future -- 2.3. Impact of Hydrogen on the Ecosystem -- 2.4. "New" Renewables -- 2.5. Conclusion -- 3. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GLOBAL WARMING AS A SCIENTIFIC FACT -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Human Impact on Global Warming -- 3.3. Conclusion -- 4. CO2 EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS DUE TO ELECTRICITY GENERATION BASED ON VARIOUS SOURCES -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Electricity Generation -- 4.3. Conclusion -- 5. SUMMARY AND OVERALL CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- INDEX -- Blank Page.
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Three species of Mycosphaerella, namely M. eumusae, M. fijiensis, and M. musicola are involved in the Sigatoka disease complex of bananas. Besides these three primary pathogens, several additional species of Mycosphaerella or their anamorphs have been described from Musa. However, very little is known about these taxa, and for the majority of these species no culture or DNA is available for study. In the present study, we collected a global set of Mycosphaerella strains from banana, and compared them by means of morphology and a multi-gene nucleotide sequence data set. The phylogeny inferred from the ITS region and the combined data set containing partial gene sequences of the actin gene, the small subunit mitochondrial ribosomal DNA and the histone H3 gene revealed a rich diversity of Mycosphaerella species on Musa. Integration of morphological and molecular data sets confirmed more than 20 species of Mycosphaerella (incl. anamorphs) to occur on banana. This study reconfirmed the previously described presence of Cercospora apii, M. citri and M. thailandica, and also identified Mycosphaerella communis, M. lateralis and Passalora loranthi on this host. Moreover, eight new species identified from Musa are described, namely Dissoconium musae, Mycosphaerella mozambica, Pseudocercospora assamensis, P. indonesiana, P. longispora, Stenella musae, S. musicola, and S. queenslandica.
    Keywords: Mycosphaerella ; phylogeny ; Sigatoka disease complex ; taxonomy
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Much remains to be discovered about the biodiversity of coral reefs in Malaysia, making this area a priority for coral reef research. This thesis aims to provide insights into the patterns of reef coral species richness and the degree of reef connectivity across Malaysia. For the species richness study, the scleractinian coral families Fungiidae, Agariciidae and Euphylliidae were selected as model taxa. Species of these families have a wide geographical distribution in the Indo-Pacific, and they can be found in a large range of reef habitats, from shallow coastal reefs to deep offshore environments. The connectivity of reefs were inferred by examining the genetic population structures of three reef invertebrate species, the mushroom coral Heliofungia actiniformis, the blue seastar Linckia laevigata, and the boring giant clam Tridacna crocea. Data on coral species and specimens of reef invertebrates were collected from reef areas along a geographical range from east to west Malaysia. Reef coral species richness patterns were revealed and indicated common and rare species, as well as potential endemics. Factors to explain the population structure and connectivity patterns across Malaysia are discussed. The findings in this thesis may be relevant for conservation and management of coral reef areas in Malaysia.
    Keywords: coral ; reef ; Malaysia ; Biodiversity ; Coral Triangle ; Population genetics ; Reef invertebrates ; Species distribution ; Scleractinia
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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  • 4
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    Unknown
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 22 no. 1, pp. 95-110
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: During large-scale surveys for soilborne Phytophthora species in forests and semi-natural stands and nurseries in Europe during the last decade, homothallic Phytophthora isolates with paragynous antheridia, semipapillate persistent sporangia and a growth optimum around 25 \xc2\xb0C which did not form catenulate hyphal swellings, were recovered from 39 host species in 16 families. Based on their morphological and physiological characters and the similarity of their ITS DNA sequences with P. citricola as designated on GenBank, these isolates were routinely identified as P. citricola. In this study DNA sequence data from the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S gene of the rRNA operon, the mitochondrial cox1 and \xce\xb2-tubulin genes were used in combination with morphological and physiological characteristics to characterise these isolates and compare them to the ex-type and the authentic type isolates of P. citricola, and two other taxa of the P. citricola complex, P. citricola I and the recently described P. multivora. Due to their unique combination of morphological, physiological and molecular characters these semipapillate homothallic isolates are described here as a new species, P. plurivora sp. nov.
    Keywords: Beech ; citricola ; decline ; dieback ; forest ; multivora ; nursery ; oak ; phylogeny
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: In vertebrates, the relative proportion of the number of trunk and caudal vertebrae is an important determinant of body shape. While among amphibians frogs and toads show low variation in vertebrae numbers, in salamanders the numbers of trunk and caudal vertebrae vary widely, giving rise to phenotypes in the range from short-bodied and long-tailed to long-bodied and short-tailed. We analysed vertebral numbers in the family Salamandridae in a phylogenetic context and calculated the relationship between vertebral changes and changes in climate and other environmental parameters. A significant association was found between morphological change with precipitation and temperature. However, annual precipitation affected the two main groups of salamandrid salamanders differently, with trunk elongation in the terrestrial \xe2\x80\x98true salamanders\xe2\x80\x99 and tail elongation in the more aquatic \xe2\x80\x98newts\xe2\x80\x99. A - male biased - sexual dimorphism was only observed in Lissotriton vulgaris vulgaris in the number of trunk vertebrae and in Ommatotriton ophryticus and Lissotriton species for the number of caudal vertebrae. Our data indicated that the number of trunk and caudal vertebrae are highly evolvable traits with frequent evolutionary reversals. In some groups (e.g. Cynops, Lyciasalamandra, Neurergus and the Laotriton-Pachytriton-Paramesotriton clade) the number of trunk vertebrae is stable, while in many groups it is subject to change (e.g. Tylototriton). This latter, species-rich genus appears to be an excellent group to further test effects of the environment on body shape.
    Keywords: ancestral character states ; body shape ; climatic niche ; comparative method ; phylogeny ; vertebral column
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: text/plain
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: Coral reefs in Jakarta Bay have been subjected to scientific studies since the 1920s. Also from that time on biological collections were made. The reefs in the Jakarta Bay have been under long-term natural and anthropogenic stress. With the biological collections and historical documents the coral species richness in Jakarta Bay around 1920 was reconstructed. New data from this bay and the adjacent offshore Thousand Islands archipelago were obtained during a 2005 research expedition. A comparison of the coral assemblages between 1920 and 2005 reveals a clear decline in species numbers. The most prominent results include the near-shore disappearance of species belonging to the families Acroporidae, Milleporidae, and to a lesser extent Poritidae. The overall coral species composition of the reefs has changed considerably, which is partly reflected in a strong decline in coral species richness. About half the number of species recorded in 1920 was found again in 2005.
    Keywords: Biodiversity change ; Global change ; Kepulauan Seribu ; Reef degradation ; Scientific collections ; Scleractinia
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: A new Phytophthora species, isolated from rhizosphere soil of declining or dead trees of Eucalyptus gomphocephala, E. marginata, Agonis flexuosa, and another 13 plant species, and from fine roots of E. marginata and collar lesions of Banksia attenuata in Western Australia, is described as Phytophthora multivora sp. nov. It is homothallic and produces semipapillate sporangia, smooth-walled oogonia containing thick-walled oospores, and paragynous antheridia. Although morphologically similar to P. citricola, phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and cox1 gene regions demonstrate that P. multivora is unique. Phytophthora multivora is pathogenic to bark and cambium of E. gomphocephala and E. marginata and is believed to be involved in the decline syndrome of both eucalypt species within the tuart woodland in south-west Western Australia.
    Keywords: Decline ; dieback ; forest ; jarrah ; phylogeny ; Phytophthora citricola ; tuart
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: During surveys of dying vegetation in natural ecosystems and associated waterways in Australia many new taxa have been identified from Phytophthora ITS Clade 6. For representative isolates, the region spanning the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA, the nuclear gene encoding heat shock protein 90 and the mitochondrial cox1 gene were PCR amplified and sequenced. Based on phylogenetic analysis and morphological and physiological comparison, four species and one informally designated taxon have been described; Phytophthora gibbosa, P. gregata, P. litoralis, P. thermophila and P. taxon paludosa. Phytophthora gibbosa, P. gregata and P. taxon paludosa form a new cluster and share a common ancestor; they are homothallic and generally associated with dying vegetation in swampy or water-logged areas. Phytophthora thermophila and P. litoralis are sister species to each other and more distantly to P. gonapodyides. Both new species are common in waterways and cause scattered mortality within native vegetation. They are self-sterile and appear well adapted for survival in an aquatic environment and inundated soils, filling the niche occupied by P. gonapodyides and P. taxon salixsoil in the northern hemisphere. Currently the origin of these new taxa, their pathogenicity and their role in natural ecosystems are unknown. Following the precautionary principle, they should be regarded as a potential threat to native ecosystems and managed to minimise their further spread.
    Keywords: Aquatic habitat ; breeding systems ; evolution ; phylogeny ; radiation ; sterility ; survival
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: This communication reports the discovery of two additional fungiid coral species, Cycloseris hexagonalis and Lithophyllon spinifer, from a relatively deep shelf reef in Brunei waters. These new records plus two earlier excluded ones, Cycloseris explanulata and C. wellsi, raise the known number of mushroom coral species at this Northwest Borneo location to 37 which is comparable to the number (n=35) reported for reefs of the nearby Tungku Abdul Rahman Park/Kota Kinabalu area, outside but close to the currently recognized northwest boundary of the zone of maximum marine biodiversity, the Coral Triangle (CT). The fungiid species richness at Brunei is compared with those of other sites in this eastern part of the South China Sea (SCS), and the adjacent westernmost CT ecoregion. A relatively high or comparable mushroom coral richness at all these sites, a richness which is higher than several central CT reef ecoregions, supports the argument for a westward shift of the CT boundary to the SCS waters of Northwest Borneo.
    Keywords: Scleractinia ; Fungiidae ; Spratly ; coral reefs ; species richness
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    Naturalis Biodiversity Center
    In:  Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi vol. 47, pp. 45-105
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The current list of Chinese quarantine pests includes 130 fungal species. However, recent changes in the taxonomy of fungi following the one fungus = one name initiative and the implementation of DNA phylogeny in taxonomic revisions, resulted in many changes of these species names, necessitating an update of the current list. In addition, many quarantine fungi lack modern morphological descriptions and authentic DNA sequences, posing significant challenges for the development of diagnostic protocols. The aim of the present study was to review the taxonomy and names of the 33 Chinese quarantine fungi in Dothideomycetes, and provide reliable DNA barcodes to facilitate rapid identification. Of these, 23 names were updated according to the single name nomenclature system, including one new combination, namely Cophinforma tumefaciens comb. nov. (syn. Sphaeropsis tumefaciens). On the basis of phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons, a new genus Xenosphaeropsis is introduced to accommodate the monotypic species Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens comb. nov. (syn. Sphaeropsis pyriputrescens), the causal agent of a post-harvest disease of pears. Furthermore, four lectotypes (Ascochyta petroselini, Mycosphaerella ligulicola, Physalospora laricina, Sphaeria lingam), three epitypes (Ascochyta petroselini, Phoma lycopersici, Sphaeria lingam), and two neotypes (Ascochyta pinodella, Deuterophoma tracheiphila) are designated to stabilise the use of these names. A further four reference strains are introduced for Cophinforma tumefaciens, Helminthosporium solani, Mycocentro spora acerina, and Septoria linicola. In addition, to assist future studies on these important pathogens, we sequenced and assembled whole genomes for 17 species, including Alternaria triticina, Boeremia foveata, B. lycopersici, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Didymella glomerata, Didymella pinodella, Diplodia mutila, Helminthosporium solani, Mycocentrospora acerina, Neofusicoccum laricinum, Parastagonospora pseudonodorum, Plenodomus libanotidis, Plenodomus lingam, Plenodomus tracheiphilus, Septoria petroselini, Stagonosporopsis chrysanthemi, and Xenosphaeropsis pyriputrescens.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; Chinese quarantine fungi ; DNA barcodes ; genomes ; morphology ; new taxa ; phylogeny ; plant pathogens ; typification
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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