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The Emerging Field of Geoethics (2018)

Bobrowsky, Peter ; Cronin, Vincent S. ; Di Capua, Giuseppe ; [weitere]

John Wiley & Sons, Inc. - American Geophysical Union

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Publikationsdatum: 2019-03-27

Beschreibung: The geosciences need practitioners who possess an ethical conscience and the desire to act responsibly. Ethically responsible geoscientists will achieve success and satisfaction by carrying out excellent research and professional activities, and by maintaining honest and open collaborations with colleagues. Such individuals will be able to contribute to building a resilient society, be better prepared to face global economic and environmental challenges and be willing to take concrete actions for the conservation of the geo‐environment. Geoethics provides ethical, social, and cultural values for the scientific community and for society as a whole. Geoethics represents a new vision of a world in which it is possible to maintain a more balanced relationship between humans and nature, considering modern economic and social development expectations. This chapter illustrates some aspects of geoethics, provides an overview of its basic values and themes, and highlights prominent global issues that involve geoethics, including climate change, geo‐risks, land management, exploitation of geo‐resources, and sustainability. The International Association for Promoting Geoethics (IAPG) provides a multidisciplinary platform for discussion, a place where multidisciplinary collaboration can strengthen the development of geoethics from a scientific and philosophical perspective, in order to better introduce geoethical values into society.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 175-212

Beschreibung: 4SR TERREMOTI - Preparazione alla comunicazione in emergenza

Beschreibung: 6SR VULCANI – Servizi e ricerca per la società

Beschreibung: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società

Beschreibung: 1TM. Formazione

Beschreibung: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica

Beschreibung: 3TM. Comunicazione

Schlagwort(e): geoethics ; geoeducation ; geoscience communication ; georisks ; geo-resources ; research integrity ; geoethical promise ; professionalism ; responsibility ; society ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.04. Geology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: book chapter

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Integrative Post-event Impact Assessment Framework for Volcanic Eruptions: A Disaster Forensic Investigation of the 2011–2012 Eruption of the Cordón Caulle Volcano (Chile) (2021)

Dominguez, Lucia ; Bonadonna, Costanza ; Frischknecht, Corine ; [weitere]

Frontiers

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Publikationsdatum: 2021-07-07

Beschreibung: Understanding the complexity of future volcanic impacts that can be potentially induced by the large variability of volcanic hazards and the multiple dimensions of vulnerability of the increasingly interdependent and interconnected societies, requires an in-depth analysis of past events. A structured and inclusive post-event impact assessment framework is proposed and applied for the evaluation of damage and disruption on critical infrastructures caused by the eruption of the Cordón Caulle volcano (Chile) in 2011–2012. This framework is built on the forensic analysis of disasters combined with the techniques of the root cause analysis that converge in a bow-tie tool. It consists of a fault tree connected to subsequent event trees to describe the causal order of impacts. Considering the physical and systemic dimensions of vulnerability, four orders of impact have been identified: i) the first order refers to the physical damage or the primary impact on a component of the critical infrastructure; ii) the second order refers to the loss of functionality in the system due to a physical damage on key components of the system; iii) the third order refers to the systemic impact due to the interdependency and connectivity among different critical infrastructures; and iv) a higher order is related to the consequences on the main economic sectors and to social disruption that can activate an overall damage to the economy of the country or countries affected. Our study in the Argentinian Patagonia shows that the long-lasting impact of the 2011–2012 Cordón Caulle eruption is mostly due to a secondary hazard (i.e., wind remobilisation of ash), which exacerbated the primary impact affecting significantly larger areas and for longer time with respect to primary tephra deposition. In addition, systemic vulnerability, particularly the intrinsic dependencies within and among systems, played a major role in the cascading impact of the analysed communities.

Beschreibung: This study was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (200021–163152).

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 645945

Beschreibung: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): impact assessment ; volcanic eruptions ; forensic analysis ; systemic vulnerability ; cascading effects ; bow-tie approach ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.08. Risk

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe (2024)

Musacchio, Gemma ; Saraò, Angela ; Falsaperla, Susanna ; [weitere]

Frontiers S.A.

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-25

Beschreibung: Although earthquakes are a threat in many countries and considerable resources have been invested in safety regulations, communities at risk often lack awareness and preparedness. Risk communication is a key tool for building resilient communities, raising awareness, and increasing preparedness. Over the past 2 decades, seismic risk communication has evolved significantly. This has led to a reorientation from a predominantly “one-way”, top-down communication model to the promotion of new models in which people, their needs, and their participation in disaster risk management are central elements. The 2015–2030 Sendai Framework recommendations, recent disaster experiences and research have highlighted that new models can improve communication effectiveness. In this paper, we critically explore this transition by conducting a scoping review (n=109 publications) of seismic risk communication in Europe. We analyse the approaches, messages, tools, and channels used for seismic risk communication and how they have changed over time. The results reveal that the stated goals of seismic risk communication are, in decreasing order, to share information, raise awareness, change behaviours/beliefs, and increase preparedness. Pupils, students, and citizens are the primary recipients of communication activities. Over the years, two trends have emerged. First, “two-way”, transdisciplinary and bottom-up communication models prevailed over the “one-way” model. Second, communication aimed more at promoting proactive behaviours than just informing the public. Face-to-face, hands-on activities, and serious games are key tools to engage with the public. The results also reveal the emerging role of social media to target different audiences/social groups. Strikingly, only one-fifth of the analysed publications explicitly build on or tests risk communication theories. Future research could focus on comparing practices across countries and risks (e.g., earthquakes and floods) and on innovating communication theories and methodologies, especially by incorporating the role of information technologies and social media.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1155576

Beschreibung: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): Seismic risk ; communication ; Europe ; scoping review ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.06. Seismology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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Did you know? Genere e rischi naturali (2022)

Rubbia, Giuliana

Cnr Edizioni

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Publikationsdatum: 2022-07-14

Beschreibung: L’articolo prende l’avvio da una rassegna di articoli scientifici sui rischi naturali fatta per comprendere quanto e come il genere entri negli studi attuali. Sono illustrati studi di caso in cui la variabile genere compare nell’impatto sociale dei fenomeni, ad esempio per gli effetti sulla salute e per la percezione dei rischi relativi; viene seguita la classificazione in rischi di natura geofisica (terremoti, eruzioni, tsunami), idrogeologica (inondazioni, frane), climatologica (siccità, incendi); meteorologica (tempeste, temperature estreme); sono presenti esempi non esaustivi ma significativi su scala globale (mondo) e locale (Italia). Infine, vengono proposte considerazioni per futuri sviluppi.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 93-103

Beschreibung: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica

Schlagwort(e): genere ; rischi naturali ; gender ; natural hazard ; 05.06. Methods ; 05.08. Risk ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: book chapter

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