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GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

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  • 1
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    Royal Society of London
    In:  Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 372 (2019). p. 20130047.
    Publication Date: 2020-06-12
    Description: The Antarctic continental shelves and slopes occupy relatively small areas, but, nevertheless, are important for global climate, biogeochemical cycling and ecosystem functioning. Processes of water mass transformation through sea ice formation/melting and ocean–atmosphere interaction are key to the formation of deep and bottom waters as well as determining the heat flux beneath ice shelves. Climate models, however, struggle to capture these physical processes and are unable to reproduce water mass properties of the region. Dynamics at the continental slope are key for correctly modelling climate, yet their small spatial scale presents challenges both for ocean modelling and for observational studies. Cross-slope exchange processes are also vital for the flux of nutrients such as iron from the continental shelf into the mixed layer of the Southern Ocean. An iron-cycling model embedded in an eddy-permitting ocean model reveals the importance of sedimentary iron in fertilizing parts of the Southern Ocean. Ocean gliders play a key role in improving our ability to observe and understand these small-scale processes at the continental shelf break. The Gliders: Excellent New Tools for Observing the Ocean (GENTOO) project deployed three Seagliders for up to two months in early 2012 to sample the water to the east of the Antarctic Peninsula in unprecedented temporal and spatial detail. The glider data resolve small-scale exchange processes across the shelf-break front (the Antarctic Slope Front) and the front's biogeochemical signature. GENTOO demonstrated the capability of ocean gliders to play a key role in a future multi-disciplinary Southern Ocean observing system.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    GEOMAR Research Center for Marine Geosciences
    In:  GEOMAR-Report, 028 . GEOMAR Research Center for Marine Geosciences, Kiel, 64 pp.
    Publication Date: 2014-11-09
    Description: Information about geomarine sample collections should be recallable at any time and sample material should be permanently available for scientific examination. This can only be achieved by responsible archiving high quality samples in a collection and by documenting core information in databases of a network of world ocean sediment and rock collections. Science is in permanent progress. New questions are raised and new examination methods for the marine sediment and oceanic crust record are eveloped continuously to improve our understanding of hydrothermal, oceanographic and atmospheric processes. New and refined methods for studying marine sediment records allow to examine the sedimentary environment in more and more detail to monitor even short term changes. For example, studies of the Holocene sedimentary record are essential for an assessment of the distribution of pollutants and their impact on sea floor environments. Sediment core and oceanic crust records in archives are an indispensable part of geomarine research facilities. They are of major significance for the implementation of national and international projects to understand marine environmental changes. Scientific documents with guidelines for data collection, archiving and sampling were prepared on national and international levels under the auspices of PAGES and IMAGES to ensure a global array of high quality marine sedimentary records (Shackleton et al., 1990, Pisias et al., 1993). The core collection in Kiel presently consists of more than 2000 m of sediment samples from all oceans. Standard procedures for systematic collection of this material are used to keep the core material available for all scientists and for many decades. The cores are stored in sealed plastic tubes, which contain water saturated sponges to prevent the core from drying out, shrinking and cracking. Cold-storage rooms are used for splitted and unsplitted core sections to preserve deep ocean temperature conditions (~ 4°C).
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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