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  • Journals
  • Articles  (7)
  • Data
  • 05.08. Risk  (5)
  • 04.06. Seismology
  • seismic monitoring
  • 1
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    The Emerging Field of Geoethics (2018)
    John Wiley & Sons, Inc. - American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-27
    Description: The geosciences need practitioners who possess an ethical conscience and the desire to act responsibly. Ethically responsible geoscientists will achieve success and satisfaction by carrying out excellent research and professional activities, and by maintaining honest and open collaborations with colleagues. Such individuals will be able to contribute to building a resilient society, be better prepared to face global economic and environmental challenges and be willing to take concrete actions for the conservation of the geo‐environment. Geoethics provides ethical, social, and cultural values for the scientific community and for society as a whole. Geoethics represents a new vision of a world in which it is possible to maintain a more balanced relationship between humans and nature, considering modern economic and social development expectations. This chapter illustrates some aspects of geoethics, provides an overview of its basic values and themes, and highlights prominent global issues that involve geoethics, including climate change, geo‐risks, land management, exploitation of geo‐resources, and sustainability. The International Association for Promoting Geoethics (IAPG) provides a multidisciplinary platform for discussion, a place where multidisciplinary collaboration can strengthen the development of geoethics from a scientific and philosophical perspective, in order to better introduce geoethical values into society.
    Description: Published
    Description: 175-212
    Description: 4SR TERREMOTI - Preparazione alla comunicazione in emergenza
    Description: 6SR VULCANI – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: 3TM. Comunicazione
    Keywords: geoethics ; geoeducation ; geoscience communication ; georisks ; geo-resources ; research integrity ; geoethical promise ; professionalism ; responsibility ; society ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 2
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    Integrative Post-event Impact Assessment Framework for Volcanic Eruptions: A Disaster Forensic Investigation of the 2011–2012 Eruption of the Cordón Caulle Volcano (Chile) (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: Understanding the complexity of future volcanic impacts that can be potentially induced by the large variability of volcanic hazards and the multiple dimensions of vulnerability of the increasingly interdependent and interconnected societies, requires an in-depth analysis of past events. A structured and inclusive post-event impact assessment framework is proposed and applied for the evaluation of damage and disruption on critical infrastructures caused by the eruption of the Cordón Caulle volcano (Chile) in 2011–2012. This framework is built on the forensic analysis of disasters combined with the techniques of the root cause analysis that converge in a bow-tie tool. It consists of a fault tree connected to subsequent event trees to describe the causal order of impacts. Considering the physical and systemic dimensions of vulnerability, four orders of impact have been identified: i) the first order refers to the physical damage or the primary impact on a component of the critical infrastructure; ii) the second order refers to the loss of functionality in the system due to a physical damage on key components of the system; iii) the third order refers to the systemic impact due to the interdependency and connectivity among different critical infrastructures; and iv) a higher order is related to the consequences on the main economic sectors and to social disruption that can activate an overall damage to the economy of the country or countries affected. Our study in the Argentinian Patagonia shows that the long-lasting impact of the 2011–2012 Cordón Caulle eruption is mostly due to a secondary hazard (i.e., wind remobilisation of ash), which exacerbated the primary impact affecting significantly larger areas and for longer time with respect to primary tephra deposition. In addition, systemic vulnerability, particularly the intrinsic dependencies within and among systems, played a major role in the cascading impact of the analysed communities.
    Description: This study was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (200021–163152).
    Description: Published
    Description: 645945
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: impact assessment ; volcanic eruptions ; forensic analysis ; systemic vulnerability ; cascading effects ; bow-tie approach ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.08. Risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    A scoping review of seismic risk communication in Europe (2024)
    Frontiers S.A.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-25
    Description: Although earthquakes are a threat in many countries and considerable resources have been invested in safety regulations, communities at risk often lack awareness and preparedness. Risk communication is a key tool for building resilient communities, raising awareness, and increasing preparedness. Over the past 2 decades, seismic risk communication has evolved significantly. This has led to a reorientation from a predominantly “one-way”, top-down communication model to the promotion of new models in which people, their needs, and their participation in disaster risk management are central elements. The 2015–2030 Sendai Framework recommendations, recent disaster experiences and research have highlighted that new models can improve communication effectiveness. In this paper, we critically explore this transition by conducting a scoping review (n=109 publications) of seismic risk communication in Europe. We analyse the approaches, messages, tools, and channels used for seismic risk communication and how they have changed over time. The results reveal that the stated goals of seismic risk communication are, in decreasing order, to share information, raise awareness, change behaviours/beliefs, and increase preparedness. Pupils, students, and citizens are the primary recipients of communication activities. Over the years, two trends have emerged. First, “two-way”, transdisciplinary and bottom-up communication models prevailed over the “one-way” model. Second, communication aimed more at promoting proactive behaviours than just informing the public. Face-to-face, hands-on activities, and serious games are key tools to engage with the public. The results also reveal the emerging role of social media to target different audiences/social groups. Strikingly, only one-fifth of the analysed publications explicitly build on or tests risk communication theories. Future research could focus on comparing practices across countries and risks (e.g., earthquakes and floods) and on innovating communication theories and methodologies, especially by incorporating the role of information technologies and social media.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1155576
    Description: OST2 Deformazione e Hazard sismico e da maremoto
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic risk ; communication ; Europe ; scoping review ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    An evaluation of the seismic/geodetic deformation in the Sicily Channel (Italy) (2019)
    Società Geologica Italiana
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-27
    Description: The Sicily Channel has been affected by extensional tectonic processes, since Late Miocene and mostly during the Pliocene which leaded to the development of a number of tectonic depressions (e.g. Pantelleria, Linosa and Malta troughs). These tectonic depressions have been interpreted as large and discrete pull-apart basins involving deep crustal levels that developed in front of the Africa-Eurasia collisional belt within a large dextral wrench zone. The Sicily Channel is a region with a potentially moderate seismic and volcanic hazard, due to the occurrence, in the recent past, of volcanic eruptions sometimes accompanied by significant seismic swarms (Mmax ≤ 5). In order to provide an improved picture of the seismic characteristics of the Sicily Channel, we compiled a seismic catalog by taking into account all information coming from available instrumental catalogues, reports and instrumental data recorded covering the period 1981-2017. Moreover, taking advantage of the availability of a set of continuous GNSS stations installed along the southern Sicilian on-shore, we propose an improved picture of the current crustal deformation pattern over the investigated area. To this aim, we collected and analyzed all available data coming from the permanent GNSS stations installed across the Sicily Channel as well as the southern Sicilian onshore, spanning the 1999-2018 time interval. In addition, based on our GNSS and seismological observations, we provide a preliminary evaluation of the seismic/geodetic deformation-rate ratio for the investigated area.
    Description: Published
    Description: Catania (Italy)
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Keywords: Sicily Channel ; Seismic-geodetic deformation ; Seismic catalog ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.03. Geodesy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 5
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    Did you know? Genere e rischi naturali (2022)
    Cnr Edizioni
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-07-14
    Description: L’articolo prende l’avvio da una rassegna di articoli scientifici sui rischi naturali fatta per comprendere quanto e come il genere entri negli studi attuali. Sono illustrati studi di caso in cui la variabile genere compare nell’impatto sociale dei fenomeni, ad esempio per gli effetti sulla salute e per la percezione dei rischi relativi; viene seguita la classificazione in rischi di natura geofisica (terremoti, eruzioni, tsunami), idrogeologica (inondazioni, frane), climatologica (siccità, incendi); meteorologica (tempeste, temperature estreme); sono presenti esempi non esaustivi ma significativi su scala globale (mondo) e locale (Italia). Infine, vengono proposte considerazioni per futuri sviluppi.
    Description: Published
    Description: 93-103
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Keywords: genere ; rischi naturali ; gender ; natural hazard ; 05.06. Methods ; 05.08. Risk ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 6
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    Practical Issues in Monitoring a Hydrocarbon Cultivation Activity in Italy: The Pilot Project at the Cavone Oil Field (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-11-12
    Description: In this paper we describe the results of an experimental implementation of the recent guidelines issued by the Italian regulatory body for monitoring hydrocarbon production activities. In particular, we report about the pilot study on seismic, deformation, and pore pressure monitoring of the Mirandola hydrocarbon cultivation facility in Northern Italy. This site hosts the Cavone oil field that was speculated of possibly influencing the 2012 ML 5.8 Mirandola earthquake source. According to the guidelines, the monitoring center should analyse geophysical measurements related to seismicity, crustal deformation and pore pressure in quasi real-time (within 24–48 h). A traffic light system would then be used to regulate underground operations in case of detecting significant earthquakes (i.e., events with size and location included in critical ranges). For these 2-year period of guidelines experimentation, we analysed all different kinds of available data, and we tested the existence of possible relationship between their temporal trends. Despite the short time window and the scarce quantity of data collected, we performed the required analysis and extracted as much meaningful and statistically reliable information from the data. We discuss here the most important observations drawn from the monitoring results, and highlight the lessons learned by describing practical issues and limitations that we have encountered in carrying out the tasks as defined in the guidelines. Our main goal is to contribute to the discussion about how to better monitor the geophysical impact of this kind of anthropogenic activity. We point out the importance of a wider seismic network but, mostly, of borehole sensors to improve microseismic detection capabilities. Moreover, the lack of an assessment of background seismicity in an unperturbed situation -due to long life extraction activities- makes it difficult to get a proper picture of natural background seismic activity, which would be instead an essential reference information for a tectonically-active regions, such as Northern Italy.
    Description: “Convenzione tra il comune di San Possidonio e l’Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia -I.N.G.V.- per l’attuazione del monitoraggio nella concessione di coltivazione idrocarburi “Mirandola” finalizzata alla messa in opera di attività di monitoraggio di sperimentazione degli indirizzi e linee guida per i monitoraggi ILG ed assunzione funzioni di Struttura Preposta al Monitoraggio di cui all’art. 6 del Protocollo Operativo”
    Description: Published
    Description: 685300
    Description: 3SR TERREMOTI - Attività dei Centri
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Italian guidelines for monitoring industrial activities ; induced seismicity ; pore pressure monitoring ; deformation monitoring ; seismic monitoring ; 04.06. Seismology ; 05.09. Miscellaneous ; 04.02. Exploration geophysics ; 04.03. Geodesy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 7
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    I caratteri della sismotettonica in Italia: osservazioni e modelli (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-26
    Description: Seismotectonics in Italy: data and models
    Description: Published
    Description: 139-147
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: sorgente sismogenetica ; faglia attiva ; sismotettonica ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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