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  • 1
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    Remote sensing of night lights: A review and an outlook for the future (2020)
    In:  Remote Sensing of Environment
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-10
    Description: Remote sensing of night light emissions in the visible band offers a unique opportunity to directly observe human activity from space. This has allowed a host of applications including mapping urban areas, estimating population and GDP, monitoring disasters and conflicts. More recently, remotely sensed night lights data have found use in understanding the environmental impacts of light emissions (light pollution), including their impacts on human health. In this review, we outline the historical development of night-time optical sensors up to the current state of the art sensors, highlight various applications of night light data, discuss the special challenges associated with remote sensing of night lights with a focus on the limitations of current sensors, and provide an outlook for the future of remote sensing of night lights. While the paper mainly focuses on space borne remote sensing, ground based sensing of night-time brightness for studies on astronomical and ecological light pollution, as well as for calibration and validation of space borne data, are also discussed. Although the development of night light sensors lags behind day-time sensors, we demonstrate that the field is in a stage of rapid development. The worldwide transition to LED lights poses a particular challenge for remote sensing of night lights, and strongly highlights the need for a new generation of space borne night lights instruments. This work shows that future sensors are needed to monitor temporal changes during the night (for example from a geostationary platform or constellation of satellites), and to better understand the angular patterns of light emission (roughly analogous to the BRDF in daylight sensing). Perhaps most importantly, we make the case that higher spatial resolution and multispectral sensors covering the range from blue to NIR are needed to more effectively identify lighting technologies, map urban functions, and monitor energy use.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Variability and change in the west Antarctic Peninsula marine system: research priorities and opportunities (2019)
    PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
    In:  EPIC3Progress In Oceanography, PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 173, pp. 208-237, ISSN: 0079-6611
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-26
    Description: The west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) region has undergone significant changes in temperature and seasonal ice dynamics since the mid-twentieth century, with strong impacts on the regional ecosystem, ocean chemistry and hydrographic properties. Changes to these long-term trends of warming and sea ice decline have been observed in the 21st century, but their consequences for ocean physics, chemistry and the ecology of the high-productivity shelf ecosystem are yet to be fully established. The WAP shelf is important for regional krill stocks and higher trophic levels, whilst the degree of variability and change in the physical environment and documented biological and biogeochemical responses make this a model system for how climate and sea ice changes might restructure high-latitude ecosystems. Although this region is arguably the best-measured and best-understood shelf region around Antarctica, significant gaps remain in spatial and temporal data capable of resolving the atmosphere-ice-ocean-ecosystem feedbacks that control the dynamics and evolution of this complex polar system. Here we summarise the current state of knowledge regarding the key mechanisms and interactions regulating the physical, biogeochemical and biological processes at work, the ways in which the shelf environment is changing, and the ecosystem response to the changes underway. We outline the overarching cross-disciplinary priorities for future research, as well as the most important discipline-specific objectives. Underpinning these priorities and objectives is the need to better-define the causes, magnitude and timescales of variability and change at all levels of the system. A combination of traditional and innovative approaches will be critical to addressing these priorities and developing a co-ordinated observing system for the WAP shelf, which is required to detect and elucidate change into the future.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Confronting a morphological nightmare: revision of the Neotropical genus Guatteria (Annonaceae) (2015)
    In:  Blumea: Biodiversity, Evolution and Biogeography of Plants vol. 60 no. 1, pp. 1-219
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: A taxonomic revision of the genus Guatteria, including the former genera Guatteriella, Guatteriopsis and Heteropetalum is given. Within the genus Guatteria 177 species are recognized, 25 of which are new. Included are chapters on the history of the taxonomy of the genus, morphology, wood anatomy, karyology, palynology, chemistry, flower biology and pollination, dispersal, distribution and ecology, phylogeny and molecular studies, conservation, and uses. A synoptical key to all species is included, as well as two dichotomous keys, one for the species of Central America and Mexico, and one for the species of NE, E and SE Brazil. The species treatments include descriptions, full synonymy, geographical and ecological notes, vernacular names and taxonomic notes. For all species distribution \nmaps are made. A complete identification list with all exsiccatae studied, an index to vernacular names and an index of scientific names is included at the end.
    Keywords: Annonaceae ; chemistry ; descriptions ; flower biology and pollination ; Guatteria ; Guatteriella ; Guatteriopsis ; Heteropetalum ; history ; molecular studies ; morphology ; Neotropics ; palynology ; phylogeny ; taxonomy ; vernacular names
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Estimating head and body length in fossil rodents (2015)
    In:  Scripta Geologica vol. 149, pp. 1-158
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: We present estimates for head and body length (HBL) of fossil rodents. We assembled HBL data and tooth row length data (LTR, UTR) for a large number of extant rodents, and calculated regression lines of HBL on LTR and UTR for all rodents together (all-rodents equation), and for separate taxonomic groups (family equations). In fossil rodents, data for complete tooth rows are scarce, therefore we use the sum of the lengths of the teeth (LRsum, URsum) as a surrogate for tooth row length. The relation between this parameter and real tooth row length (LTR, UTR) is calculated on the basis of a number of populations for which both parameters are available. We estimate HBL of fossil rodents, using LRsum and URsum and the regression lines of extant rodents, and we compare the results for lower and upper tooth row when both are available. For each species we calculate HBL through the all-rodents equation and through the family equation. We consider the amount of difference between these two values as a measure of the reliability of this method.
    Keywords: Rodentia ; body mass ; teeth ; tooth row length
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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