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  • Canadian Science Publishing  (5)
  • 2005-2009  (5)
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  • Canadian Science Publishing  (5)
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  • 2005-2009  (5)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    0-1 Piecewise linearization approach for interval-parameter nonlinear programming:  application to environmental management under uncertaintyA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2009
    In:  Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2009-06), p. 1071-1084
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2009-06), p. 1071-1084
    Abstract: Interval-parameter nonlinear programming (INP) is an extension of conventional nonlinear optimization methods for handling both nonlinearities and uncertainties. However, challenges exist in its solution method, leading to difficulties in obtaining a global optimum. In this study, a 0-1 piecewise approximation approach is provided for solving the INP, through integration with an interactive algorithm for interval-parameter optimization problems. Thus, the INP model can be transformed into two deterministic submodels that correspond to the lower and upper bounds of the objective-function value. By solving the two submodels, interval solutions can be obtained, which are used for generating a range of decision options. The developed method is applied to a case of long-term municipal solid waste (MSW) management planning. Not only uncertainties expressed as interval values but also nonlinearities in the objective function can be tackled. Moreover, economies of scale (EOS) effects on waste-management cost can also be reflected. The results obtained can be used for generating decision alternatives and thus help waste managers to identify desired policies for MSW management and planning. Compared with the conventional interval-parameter linear and quadratic programs, the developed INP can better reflect system-cost variations and generate more robust solutions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0315-1468 , 1208-6029
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/L09-038
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490923-6
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Can forest management based on natural disturbances maintain ecological resilience?
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2006
    In:  Canadian Journal of Forest Research Vol. 36, No. 9 ( 2006-09-01), p. 2285-2299
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Forest Research, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 36, No. 9 ( 2006-09-01), p. 2285-2299
    Abstract: Given the increasingly global stresses on forests, many ecologists argue that managers must maintain ecological resilience: the capacity of ecosystems to absorb disturbances without undergoing fundamental change. In this review we ask: Can the emerging paradigm of natural-disturbance-based management (NDBM) maintain ecological resilience in managed forests? Applying resilience theory requires careful articulation of the ecosystem state under consideration, the disturbances and stresses that affect the persistence of possible alternative states, and the spatial and temporal scales of management relevance. Implementing NDBM while maintaining resilience means recognizing that (i) biodiversity is important for long-term ecosystem persistence, (ii) natural disturbances play a critical role as a generator of structural and compositional heterogeneity at multiple scales, and (iii) traditional management tends to produce forests more homogeneous than those disturbed naturally and increases the likelihood of unexpected catastrophic change by constraining variation of key environmental processes. NDBM may maintain resilience if silvicultural strategies retain the structures and processes that perpetuate desired states while reducing those that enhance resilience of undesirable states. Such strategies require an understanding of harvesting impacts on slow ecosystem processes, such as seed-bank or nutrient dynamics, which in the long term can lead to ecological surprises by altering the forest's capacity to reorganize after disturbance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0045-5067 , 1208-6037
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/x06-132
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473096-0
    SSG: 23
    SSG: 12
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparative distribution and invasion risk of snakehead (Channidae) and Asian carp (Cyprinidae) species in North America
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2007
    In:  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol. 64, No. 12 ( 2007-12-01), p. 1723-1735
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 64, No. 12 ( 2007-12-01), p. 1723-1735
    Abstract: As nonindigenous species are a major threat to global biodiversity, cost-effective management requires identification of areas at high risk of establishment. Here we predict suitable environments of 14 high-profile species of nonindigenous snakehead (Channidae) and Asian carp (Cyprinidae) species in North America based upon ecological niche modelling and compare the driving environmental variables for the two fish groups. Snakeheads distributions were correlated with thermal factors, whereas those of Asian carps were related mainly to precipitation. Predicted suitable ranges for these nonindigenous species can be divided into three main areas: Mexico and the southern United States (five species); Mexico and the United States up to ~35 °N (three species); and most of Mexico, continuous United States, and southern Canada (six species). For the province of Ontario, we combined the number and location of aquarium stores and live fish markets with predicted areas of suitable environments to identify areas at risk of introduction and establishment. We identified several watersheds draining into northwestern Lake Ontario as having the highest risk, highlighting the increased predictive value of this approach.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0706-652X , 1205-7533
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/f07-130
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7966-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473089-3
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Organic production of vegetables: State of the art and challenges
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2007
    In:  Canadian Journal of Plant Science Vol. 87, No. 5 ( 2007-12-01), p. 1055-1066
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Plant Science, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 87, No. 5 ( 2007-12-01), p. 1055-1066
    Abstract: In light of the growing concern of Canadians about animal waste, environmental pollution from fertilizers, water quality and greenhouse gas effects, as well as their growing interest in organically grown foods (20% annual growth in North America), the development of sustainable organic production systems for vegetable crops is essential for consumer satisfaction and Canadian grower competitiveness. The target of this paper is to review recent research results on the importance of appropriate soil properties, fertilizers and irrigation management on soil activity, plant growth and environmental health as well as product quality in term of nutritional value and safety issue. Species and cultivar selection, the use of grafting and plant growth promoters will also be discussed. This review will identify new challenges that organic growers have to fulfill in the face of a global market and public awareness of health attributes of food, and then conclude by identifying several prospects for future research with emphasis on the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada research program. Key words: Horticulture, organic farming, organic vegetable, research
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-4220 , 1918-1833
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4141/CJPS07160
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016989-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Model averaging to estimate rebuilding targets for overfished stocks
    Canadian Science Publishing ; 2005
    In:  Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol. 62, No. 3 ( 2005-03-01), p. 544-562
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, Canadian Science Publishing, Vol. 62, No. 3 ( 2005-03-01), p. 544-562
    Abstract: Reducing overfishing and recovering overfished fish stocks is a challenging and important global problem. Rebuilding targets are essential ingredients for guiding overfished stocks to recovery. Having robust estimates of rebuilding targets is likely a necessary condition for effective long-term management of fishery resources. In this paper, we show how Bayesian model averaging can be applied to estimate rebuilding targets under alternative hypotheses about stockrecruitment dynamics. Using alternative hypotheses about stockrecruitment dynamics and environmental variation is important because using only a single hypothesis can lead to substantially different reference points and policy implications. The alternative hypotheses are augmented with prior information collected from meta-analyses of stockrecruitment data to construct a set of age-structured production models. We illustrate our approach using three overfished New England groundfish stocks. We fit alternative model likelihoods to observed data using Bayesian inference techniques. The Schwarz goodness-of-fit criterion was used to calculate model probabilities. Bayesian model averaging was used to estimate rebuilding targets that were robust to model selection uncertainty. Model-averaged estimates suggested that rebuilding targets for overfished stocks can be reasonably well determined if adequate prior information on stock productivity is available. Nonetheless, results had wide confidence intervals that reflected the underlying uncertainty in rebuilding targets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0706-652X , 1205-7533
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1139/f04-199
    Language: English
    Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7966-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473089-3
    SSG: 21,3
    SSG: 12
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