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  • 1
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The coastal waters of East Kalimantan are part of the western boundary of the Indo-West Pacific centre of maximum marine biodiversity. During the pilot phase of the East Kalimantan Program (EKP) this has been tested by various specialists who used model taxa to test this hypothesis. Emphasis has been put on the species-rich coral reefs and islands that show reef communities in association with mangroves, seagrass, and algae. A range of habitats has been surveyed, varying in distance offshore (with decreasing salinity, turbidity, sedimentation and nutrient load): fringing reefs along the mainland shore, offshore patch reefs, delta-front barrier reefs, and uplifted atolls. The atolls consist of limestone rock and contain shallow enclosed marine lakes with a unique marine biota. The various marine environments at NE Kalimantan have enabled the selection of taxa and sites that can be used for future research on climate change records (e.g. corals, sponges and molluscs), molecular (genetic) divergence within species between separated populations, and environmental effects on species diversity. The biodiversity data will be important for the design of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) and as an instrument in raising public awareness regarding the sustainable use of the natural resources, such as through fisheries and diving tourism.
    Schlagwort(e): Marine biodiversity ; Berau region ; Kalimantan ; Indonesia
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: Today\xe2\x80\x99s global marine diversity hotspot, or center of maximum biodiversity, is located in the Indo-West Pacific (IWP), namely in the Indo-Malayan region, including Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea (Hoeksma, 2007; Renema et al., 2010). Numerous groups of marine organisms, for instance foraminifera, mollusks, and corals contribute to the high taxonomic richness (e.g., Bellwood et al., 2005; Hoeksema, 2007; Kohn, 1990; Wilson and Rosen, 1998). The exceptional biodiversity in the region is thought to have originated in the Early Neogene with the diversification of scleractinian coral reefs and associated organisms (e.g., Wilson and Rosen, 1998; Chapter 6). Because the available fossil data to document patterns of diversification of marine organisms in the Cenozoic of SE-Asia are comparatively sparse, the collection of new data is needed in order to document the timing and context of diversification. To perform this task, the Marie-Curie Initial Training Network (ITN) Throughflow was formed in 2010, focusing on Miocene fossils and their paleohabitats of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. This thesis represents one of eleven projects of the Throughflow program.
    Schlagwort(e): Miocene ; marine Mollusca ; Indonesia
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: During surveys of dying vegetation in natural ecosystems and associated waterways in Australia many new taxa have been identified from Phytophthora ITS Clade 6. For representative isolates, the region spanning the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA, the nuclear gene encoding heat shock protein 90 and the mitochondrial cox1 gene were PCR amplified and sequenced. Based on phylogenetic analysis and morphological and physiological comparison, four species and one informally designated taxon have been described; Phytophthora gibbosa, P. gregata, P. litoralis, P. thermophila and P. taxon paludosa. Phytophthora gibbosa, P. gregata and P. taxon paludosa form a new cluster and share a common ancestor; they are homothallic and generally associated with dying vegetation in swampy or water-logged areas. Phytophthora thermophila and P. litoralis are sister species to each other and more distantly to P. gonapodyides. Both new species are common in waterways and cause scattered mortality within native vegetation. They are self-sterile and appear well adapted for survival in an aquatic environment and inundated soils, filling the niche occupied by P. gonapodyides and P. taxon salixsoil in the northern hemisphere. Currently the origin of these new taxa, their pathogenicity and their role in natural ecosystems are unknown. Following the precautionary principle, they should be regarded as a potential threat to native ecosystems and managed to minimise their further spread.
    Schlagwort(e): Aquatic habitat ; breeding systems ; evolution ; phylogeny ; radiation ; sterility ; survival
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-12
    Beschreibung: The existence of multiple independently derived populations in landlocked marine lakes provides an opportunity for fundamental research into the role of isolation in population divergence and speciation in marine taxa. Marine lakes are landlocked water bodies that maintain a marine character through narrow submarine connections to the sea and could be regarded as the marine equivalents of terrestrial islands. The sponge Suberites diversicolor (Porifera: Demospongiae: Suberitidae) is typical of marine lake habitats in the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Four molecular markers (two mitochondrial and two nuclear) were employed to study genetic structure of populations within and between marine lakes in Indonesia and three coastal locations in Indonesia, Singapore and Australia. Within populations of S. diversicolor two strongly divergent lineages (A & B) (COI: p = 0.4% and ITS: p = 7.3%) were found, that may constitute cryptic species. Lineage A only occurred in Kakaban lake (East Kalimantan), while lineage B was present in all sampled populations. Within lineage B, we found low levels of genetic diversity in lakes, though there was spatial genetic population structuring. The Australian population is genetically differentiated from the Indonesian populations. Within Indonesia we did not record an East-West barrier, which has frequently been reported for other marine invertebrates. Kakaban lake is the largest and most isolated marine lake in Indonesia and contains the highest genetic diversity with genetic variants not observed elsewhere. Kakaban lake may be an area where multiple putative refugia populations have come into secondary contact, resulting in high levels of genetic diversity and a high number of endemic species.
    Schlagwort(e): Suberites diversicolor ; Indo-Australian Archipelago ; marine lakes ; evolution
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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