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  • GEOMAR Catalogue / E-Books
  • Journals
  • Articles  (4)
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  • 05.08. Risk  (3)
  • 04.08. Volcanology
  • 2020-2022  (2)
  • 2015-2019  (2)
Document type
  • GEOMAR Catalogue / E-Books
  • Journals
  • Articles  (4)
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  • 1
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    The Emerging Field of Geoethics (2018)
    John Wiley & Sons, Inc. - American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-27
    Description: The geosciences need practitioners who possess an ethical conscience and the desire to act responsibly. Ethically responsible geoscientists will achieve success and satisfaction by carrying out excellent research and professional activities, and by maintaining honest and open collaborations with colleagues. Such individuals will be able to contribute to building a resilient society, be better prepared to face global economic and environmental challenges and be willing to take concrete actions for the conservation of the geo‐environment. Geoethics provides ethical, social, and cultural values for the scientific community and for society as a whole. Geoethics represents a new vision of a world in which it is possible to maintain a more balanced relationship between humans and nature, considering modern economic and social development expectations. This chapter illustrates some aspects of geoethics, provides an overview of its basic values and themes, and highlights prominent global issues that involve geoethics, including climate change, geo‐risks, land management, exploitation of geo‐resources, and sustainability. The International Association for Promoting Geoethics (IAPG) provides a multidisciplinary platform for discussion, a place where multidisciplinary collaboration can strengthen the development of geoethics from a scientific and philosophical perspective, in order to better introduce geoethical values into society.
    Description: Published
    Description: 175-212
    Description: 4SR TERREMOTI - Preparazione alla comunicazione in emergenza
    Description: 6SR VULCANI – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 7SR AMBIENTE – Servizi e ricerca per la società
    Description: 1TM. Formazione
    Description: 2TM. Divulgazione Scientifica
    Description: 3TM. Comunicazione
    Keywords: geoethics ; geoeducation ; geoscience communication ; georisks ; geo-resources ; research integrity ; geoethical promise ; professionalism ; responsibility ; society ; 05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues ; 05.09. Miscellaneous ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 2
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    Integrative Post-event Impact Assessment Framework for Volcanic Eruptions: A Disaster Forensic Investigation of the 2011–2012 Eruption of the Cordón Caulle Volcano (Chile) (2021)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-07
    Description: Understanding the complexity of future volcanic impacts that can be potentially induced by the large variability of volcanic hazards and the multiple dimensions of vulnerability of the increasingly interdependent and interconnected societies, requires an in-depth analysis of past events. A structured and inclusive post-event impact assessment framework is proposed and applied for the evaluation of damage and disruption on critical infrastructures caused by the eruption of the Cordón Caulle volcano (Chile) in 2011–2012. This framework is built on the forensic analysis of disasters combined with the techniques of the root cause analysis that converge in a bow-tie tool. It consists of a fault tree connected to subsequent event trees to describe the causal order of impacts. Considering the physical and systemic dimensions of vulnerability, four orders of impact have been identified: i) the first order refers to the physical damage or the primary impact on a component of the critical infrastructure; ii) the second order refers to the loss of functionality in the system due to a physical damage on key components of the system; iii) the third order refers to the systemic impact due to the interdependency and connectivity among different critical infrastructures; and iv) a higher order is related to the consequences on the main economic sectors and to social disruption that can activate an overall damage to the economy of the country or countries affected. Our study in the Argentinian Patagonia shows that the long-lasting impact of the 2011–2012 Cordón Caulle eruption is mostly due to a secondary hazard (i.e., wind remobilisation of ash), which exacerbated the primary impact affecting significantly larger areas and for longer time with respect to primary tephra deposition. In addition, systemic vulnerability, particularly the intrinsic dependencies within and among systems, played a major role in the cascading impact of the analysed communities.
    Description: This study was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (200021–163152).
    Description: Published
    Description: 645945
    Description: 6V. Pericolosità vulcanica e contributi alla stima del rischio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: impact assessment ; volcanic eruptions ; forensic analysis ; systemic vulnerability ; cascading effects ; bow-tie approach ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 05.08. Risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 3
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    AEOLUS: a laboratory to study bubble-bearing flow dynamics and geophysical signals through analogue volcanic eruption (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Basaltic volcanoes represent a very large portion of active volcanism and exhibit a wide variability in their eruptive style. The basaltic eruptive activity in fact shows either a purely effusive behavior or an explosive character, which can, rarely, also turn into violent Plinian eruptions. The most characteristic explosive activities of basaltic magmatism are represented by Strombolian eruptions and lava fountains. The study of the relationship that exists between the pre-eruptive dynamics (e.g. fractional crystallization, mixing, degassing), the chemicalphysical variations of the magma in the volcanic feeding system and the related outcomes (in terms of eruptive style and geophysical markers) at the surface has been, in the last decades, reason of numerous studies. Nonetheless, the complexity of the volcanic system and its inaccessibility to direct observations still makes it difficult to reconstruct the dynamics of the magmatic system, basing on surface observations of the eruptive activity. A challenging objective of modern volcanology is to quantitatively characterize eruptive/degassing regimes from geophysical signals (in particular seismic and infrasonic), for both research and monitoring purposes. The outcomes of the attempts made so far are still considered very uncertain because volcanoes remain inaccessible when deriving quantitative information on crucial parameters such as plumbing system geometry and magma viscosity. Therefore the realization of laboratory made by several devices, capable to scale and reproduce in a controlled way the degassing dynamics of volcanic systems and measure the relative elastic markers (seismic and acoustic), is an indispensable tool to identify reliable quantitative relationships between the geophysical signals and the related eruptive and outgassing parameters. With the Aeolus project we build an experimental laboratory for the study of degassing dynamics through analogue volcanic eruptions. In particular the laboratory is capable of 1) investigate the relationship between degassing processes and the relative seismo-acoustic signals; 2) study the effect of different degrees of irregularity (i.e. roughness of the internal surface) of volcanic conduits on the eruptive style and/or the associated seismic-acoustic signals; 3) unravel the timescales of cyclic activity at basaltic volcanoes, reproducing the foam collapse model of Jaupart and Vergniolle (1988, 1989), which explains the transition between different explosive terms of the basaltic system (e.g. Strombolian activity and lava fountains), in a range of dimensionless parameters close to the volcanic system.
    Description: Published
    Description: Parma
    Description: 4V. Processi pre-eruttivi
    Keywords: Experiments ; Degassive dynamics ; 04.08. Volcanology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: Poster session
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  • 4
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    I caratteri della sismotettonica in Italia: osservazioni e modelli (2018)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-03-26
    Description: Seismotectonics in Italy: data and models
    Description: Published
    Description: 139-147
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: sorgente sismogenetica ; faglia attiva ; sismotettonica ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 05.08. Risk ; 04.04. Geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    PAPER (OA)
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