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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: Fisheries in the Mekong River are characterized by high pressure and extremely low selectivity towards fishing targets, which greatly complicates the conservation and possible restoration of the region's biodiversity. Relevance. Knowledge of fish population structure and biology is essential for fishery management and rational use of resources; however, the fisheries of the region are predominantly artisanal, for which the information on catches is scarce. This work is aimed at a study of the morphological characteristics of Smith's barb Puntioplites proctozystron (Bleeker, 1865) and the distribution of its quantitative parameters. The data have been collected from the bottom trawl catches in the Mekong River Delta that were conducted using a beam trawl in the low water and flood periods of 2018–2022. The average abundance and biomass of this species in fresh waters were 8.3±20.8 ind./ha and 114.7±229.4 g/ha, and in the estuary they were 0.6±2.7 ind./ha and 12.1±63.5 g/ha. These quantitative parameters for Smith's barb in the relatively shallow and low-flow Hau River and its estuarine channels were statistically significantly higher than in the rest of the delta estuary system (8.5±22.2 ind./ha and 110.7±248.7 g/ha as compared to 1.4±6.5 ind./ha and 25.0±90.1 g/ha). Examination of morphological characteristics showed a very low variability of traits in mature individuals; the coefficient of variation was less than 10 %. The obtained results indicate the absence of sexual dimorphism and different morphotypes in the population, provide the ground for minimum landing size recommendations, and can serve as a foundation for the further population research of this species.
    Description: Рыболовство в реке Меконг отличается высокой нагрузкой и крайне малой избирательностью в отношении объектов промысла, что значительно осложняет сохранение и возможное восстановление биоразнообразия региона. Для управления промыслом и рационального использования ресурсов необходимы знания о популяционной структуре и биологии рыб, однако на реке в основном преобладает кустарное слабо учитываемое рыболовство. Целью работы стало исследование морфологических характеристик барбуса Смита Puntioplites proctozystron (Bleeker, 1865) и распределения его количественных показателей. Для исследований использованы уловы донных тралений в дельте р. Меконг, проводившихся бимтралом в меженные и паводковые периоды 2018–2022 гг. Результаты. Средняя численность и биомасса вида в пресных водах составляла 8,3±20,8 экз./га и 114,7±229,4 г/га, а в эстуарии — 0,6±2,7 экз./га и 12,1±63,5 г/га. Обилие барбуса Смита в более маловодной и мелководной реке Хау и ее устьевых протоках было статистически достоверно выше, чем в остальной части дельтово-эстуарной системы (8,5±22,2 экз./га и 110,7±248,7 г/га против 1,4±6,5 экз./га и 25,0±90,1 г/га). Исследования морфологических (пластических) показателей показали весьма низкую изменчивость признаков у половозрелых особей; коэффициент вариаций признаков был менее 10 %. Полученные данные свидетельствуют об отсутствии полового диморфизма и различных морфотипов в популяции, позволяют дать рекомендации по ограничению минимальных размеров при вылове и могут служить основой для дальнейших популяционных исследований вида.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Geographical distribution ; Smith's barb ; Puntioplites proctozystron ; Abundance ; Biomass ; Fish catch statistics ; Bottom trawl catches ; Fishery management ; Animal morphology ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater fish ; ASFA_2015::M::Morphometry ; ASFA_2015::B::Bottom trawling
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.79–90
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-02-15
    Description: Coral-associated fauna predominantly consists of invertebrates and constitutes an important component of coral reef biodiversity. The symbionts depend on their hosts for food, shelter and substrate. They may act as parasites by feeding on their hosts, by overgowing their polyps, or by excavating their skeletons. Because some of these species partly reside inside their hosts, they may be cryptic and can easily be overlooked in biodiversity surveys. Since no quantitative overview is available about these inter-specific relationships, this present study adresses variation in host ranges and specificity across four large coral-associated taxa and between the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific oceans. These taxa are: coral barnacles (Pyrgomatidae, n = 95), coral gall crabs (Cryptochiridae, n = 54), tubeworms (Serpulidae, n = 31), and date mussels (Lithophaginae, n = 23). A total of 335 host coral species was recorded. An index of host specificity (STD) was calculated per symbiont species, based on distinctness in taxonomic host range levels (species, genus, family, etc.). Mean indices were statistically compared among the four associated taxa and the two oceanic coral reef regions. Barnacles were the most host-specific, tubeworms the least. Indo-Pacific associates were approximately 10 times richer in species and two times more host-specific than their Atlantic counterparts. Coral families varied in the number of associates, with some hosting none. This variation could be linked to host traits (coral growth form, maximum host size) and is most probably also a result of the evolutionary history of the interspecific relationships.
    Keywords: Coral-associated fauna ; Coral reefs ; Cryptic invertebrates ; Host-parasite relationships ; Host specificity index ; Marine biodiversity
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-04-26
    Description: Phytoplankton is the base of every aquatic food web. During the assessment of the trophic status of the investigated lentic water body (within Lake City Housing Complex, Mankundu, Hooghly, West Bengal, India), phytoplankton composition and its temporal variation are proved to be the most important. In this study, 30 phytoplankton taxa have been recorded in various arrangements throughout the season. The maximum number of phytoplankton species with the highest Shannon–Weaver diversity index value represented the pre-monsoon season, whereas the least number of phytoplankton taxa and the lowest diversity indicators characterized the post-monsoon season. The development of algal bloom by one specific taxon, Botryococcus braunii, in the postmonsoon season indicates the change in the trophic status of this particular water body. As a criterion for the beginning of the algal bloom, an exceedance of 1 mg/L in nitrate concentration can be considered. The phytoplankton composition, values of various diversity indices, its density and species distribution pattern, and selected environmental parameters have been investigated, as well as the results of the analysis of rank abundance curves, which allowed for evaluation of the ecological status of this lentic water body. This study describes the change or shift in the ecosystem of the investigated water body towards eutrophication and establishes its pollution level as moderate to light.
    Description: Фитопланктон является базовой единицей каждой водной пищевой сети. Для изучения трофического статуса исследованного непроточного водоема (в жилищном комплексе Лейк-Сити, Манкунду, район Хугли, Западная Бенгалия, Индия) наиболее важны состав фитопланктона и его изменение во временном масштабе. В настоящем исследовании в течение сезона были зарегистрированы 30 таксонов фитопланктона в различных комбинациях. Предмуссонный сезон был представлен максимальным количеством видов фитопланктона с наивысшим значением разнообразия Шеннона–Уивера, а постмуссонный сезон характеризовался наименьшим количеством таксонов фитопланктона и самыми низкими показателями разнообразия. Развитие цветения одного из таксонов, а именно Botryococcus braunii, в постмуссонный сезон указывает на изменение трофического статуса этого водоема. Критерием начала цветения можно считать повышение концентрации нитратов выше 1 мг/л. Нами были изучены состав фитопланктона, значения различных индексов разнообразия, его плотность и структура распределения видов, выбранные параметры окружающей среды, а также результаты анализа ранговых кривых численности, что позволило расшифровать экологический статус этого непроточного водоема. В этом исследовании показано изменение или сдвиг экосистемы исследуемого водного объекта в сторону эвтрофикации и определено состояние загрязнения на уровне от умеренного до легкого.
    Description: Published
    Description: Refereed
    Keywords: Species diversity ; Abundance ; Biomonitoring ; Trophic status ; Environmental parameters ; Botryococcus braunii ; Фитопланктон ; Предмуссонный сезон ; Биомониторинг ; Концентрации нитратов ; Трофический статус ; ASFA_2015::P::Phytoplankton ; ASFA_2015::F::Freshwater pollution ; ASFA_2015::A::Algal blooms
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
    Format: pp.50-62
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-03-06
    Description: An overview over the international trade in live giant clams (Bivalvia: Tridacninae) from 2001 to 2019 was made \nbased on worldwide import data from the CITES Trade Database. A distinction was made between trade records \nof wild-caught clams and maricultured ones. A general decline in the trade of wild giant clams was observed. \nSince these bivalves naturally live attached to rocky substrate in coral reefs and their forceful removal is harmful \nto surrounding corals, this trend helped to prevent damage to their natural environment. Possible reasons behind \nthis decline are lower population numbers, trade restrictions, and a decrease in demand. Trade in wild-caught \nTridacna crocea decreased, whereas that of T. maxima increased, taking over the former\'s position as most \npopular species. From 2015 onwards, over 50% of the source was made up by aquaculture, up to 2019. Aquaculture of live giant clams can be profitable, but there are still obstacles to overcome in order to ensure stable \nproduction numbers and long-term profit. With more research and support from governments, aquaculture can \nhelp to take pressure off wild populations of giant clams that are already suffering from exploitation for the seafood market and souvenir in
    Keywords: CITES trade database ; Coral reefs ; Import data ; Trade source ; Wild-caught individuals
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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