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  • Articles  (170)
  • 2015-2019  (170)
  • 2015  (170)
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  • Articles  (170)
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  • 2015-2019  (170)
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  • 1
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    Kinetic simulation of charge transfer following 5.08 eV (F band) optical excitation of irradiated LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100): Participation of holes released via V3-VK transformation (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Publication date: Available online 30 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): I. Eliyahu, S. Druzhyna, Y. Horowitz, G. Reshes, S. Biderman, L. Oster Kinetic simulations of charge transfer in the framework of the conduction band/valence band model are described which investigate the effect of 5.08 eV photon bleaching on the optical absorption spectrum of irradiated LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100). The decrease in intensity of the 3.8 eV and 4.3 eV bands, newly discovered sub-entities of the 4.0 eV composite band, is interpreted as arising from the participation of holes released by capture of electrons at V 3 two-hole-centers. The simulations also require highly efficient electron transfer from the excited state of the F center to the V 3 center which is necessary to guarantee an adequate supply of released holes following the V 3 -V k transformation.
    Print ISSN: 1350-4487
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-0925
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 2
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    On the nature of slow emission at 3.8 eV in crystalline α-Al2O3-δ (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Publication date: Available online 30 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): A.I. Surdo, M.I. Vlasov, I.I. Milman A comparative research of thermoluminescence, X-ray luminescence, and photoluminescence in initial and thermo-optically treated and X-ray irradiated anion-defective corundum (α-Al 2 O 3-δ ) samples has been carried out. A new type of center has been identified emitting near 3.6–3.8 eV up to 800 K, excited at 5.9 eV, and having a lifetime of about 300 ms at 300 K in the excited state. This type of centers was found to be created only at thermo-optical treatment, including ultraviolet irradiation with λ≈ 280-320 nm and simultaneous heating of α-Al 2 O 3-δ samples to 550–670 K, and be destructed thermally at T ≥ 670 K or when exposed to X-ray radiation or light with quantum energies of 5.9 and 3.1 eV. The center type found is assumed to have a complex structure consisting of interstitial aluminum, anion and cation vacancy, and slightly displaced regular ions in the nearest surrounding.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1879-0925
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 3
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    Luminescent properties of LuAG:Yb and YAG:Yb single crystalline films grown by Liquid Phase Epitaxy method (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Publication date: Available online 30 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): Yu. Zorenko, T. Zorenko, V. Gorbenko, T. Voznyak, P. Popielarski, M. Batentschuk, A. Osvet, Ch. Brabec, V. Kolobanov, D. Spasky, A. Fedorov In this work, investigation of the spectroscopic parameters of the luminescence of Yb 3+ ions in single crystalline films of Lu 3 Al 5 O 12 and Y 3 Al 5 O 12 garnets was performed using the synchrotron radiation excitation with the energy in the range of Yb 3+ charge transitions (CT), exciton range and the onset of interband transitions of these garnets. The basic spectroscopic parameters of the Yb 3+ CT luminescence in LuAG and YAG hosts were determined and summarized with taking into account the differences in the band gap structure of these garnets.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1879-0925
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 4
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    Luminescence and scintillation response of YGd2Al2Ga3O12:Ce and LuGd2Al2Ga3O12:Ce scintillators (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-31
    Description: Publication date: Available online 30 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): Warut Chewpraditkul, Nakarin Pattanaboonmee, Weerapong Chewpraditkul, Kei Kamada, Akira Yoshikawa, Martin Nikl The luminescence and scintillation properties of YGd 2 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :Ce and LuGd 2 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :Ce single crystal scintillators were compared. The light yield (LY) and energy resolution were measured using R6231 photomultiplier. At 662 keV γ-rays, high LY value of 37,900 ph/MeV and energy resolution of 7.0% obtained for YGd 2 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :Ce are slightly better than the values of 35,400 ph/MeV and 7.6% obtained for LuGd 2 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :Ce. The ratio of LY values under excitation with α- and γ-rays (α/γ ratio) was also determined. The LY dependence on amplifier shaping time was measured in order to investigate the timing characteristics in the scintillation response. The estimated photofraction in pulse height spectrum of 662 keV γ-rays and the total mass attenuation coefficient at 662 keV γ-rays were also determined and compared with the theoretical ones calculated using the WinXCom program.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1879-0925
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 5
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    Thermoluminescence and low-temperature luminescence of beryllium oxide (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Publication date: Available online 29 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): M.D. Petrenko, I.N. Ogorodnikov, V. Yu. Ivanov Beryllium oxide in the forms of either single crystals (pristine, additively-colored) or hot-pressed ceramic samples was studied in the energy range of 1.2–6.2 eV using both the thermoluminescence (TL) and steady-state X-ray induced luminescence (XRL) techniques. The XRL emission spectra were recorded at 6 and 293 K, whereas TL glow curves were studied after X-ray exposure at T 0 = 6 K upon linear heating in the temperature range from 6 to 293 K. A search for TL manifestations of shallow trapping centers was carried out using a sensitive channel for TL registration in the range of more than six decades of change in intensity. The participation of shallow trapping centers in the process of recombination luminescence excitation at 6–293 K; branching electronic excitations between different recombination channels; the dominance of the self-trapped exciton and F-center emissions in spectra of the low-temperature recombination luminescence in BeO at 6–293 K were discussed.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1879-0925
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 6
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    Investigations of Scintillation Characterization of Ce-activated Tl2LiGdBr6 Single Crystal (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Publication date: Available online 29 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): H.J. Kim, Gul Rooh, H. Park, Sunghwan Kim New single crystal of Ce-doped Tl 2 LiGdBr 6 (TLGB) was investigated under x-ray and γ-ray excitation. Two zone vertical Bridgman technique was used to grow this scintillation material. Under X-ray excitation, typical Ce 3+ ion emission was observed between 397 and 456 nm peaking at 422 nm. An energy resolution of 17% (FWHM) and 17,400±1700 ph/MeV light yield was obtained for 662 keV γ-rays excitation. Under γ-rays excitation from a 137 Cs source, two decay time components of 29 ns (92%) and 197 ns (8%) were found at room temperature. Further investigation is underway for the optimization of the Ce-concentration in the host lattice. We expect improvement in the scintillation properties with a good quality crystal of this material.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1879-0925
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 7
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    A low-cost personal dosemeter based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of common household salt (NaCl) (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Publication date: Available online 29 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): Daniela Ekendahl, Boris Bulánek, Libor Judas Salt represents a radiation sensitive material that can be used for dosimetry. The objective of this experimental study was to test a low-cost salt dosemeter that was designed for personnel that are not radiation workers, but can operate in low probability events resulting in a serious external radiation exposure. The dosemeter is based on use of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) of a common household salt. Attention was concentrated on its energy and angular responses. The dosemeter was fixed to the ICRU slab phantom and irradiated by photons of reference radiation qualities (ISO 4037-1) with mean energies between 33 and 1250 keV. Angular response was investigated for angles of incidence from 0° to 80° for radiation qualities of N-150 (∼ 118 keV) and S-Cs (∼662 keV). Single-Aliquot Regenerative-dose analytical protocol was employed for dose reconstruction. The results were evaluated with respect to Hp(10) measurement. The salt dosemeter can provide reliable or reasonably conservative Hp(10) estimates in radiation fields where photon energies > 100 keV predominate, radiation incidence angles are from 0° to 80° and also for rotational geometry. Furthermore, a personal dose reconstruction trial was demonstrated. Relative deviation between the measured and reference Hp(10) values was 5.5%. A practical disadvantage of the method is the more demanding analytical protocol.
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 8
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    Optical and Scintillation Properties of Sr3BGa3Si2O14 (B = Nb, Ta) Single Crystals (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Publication date: Available online 29 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): Yuui Yokota, Tmoki Ito, Shunsuke Kurosawa, Yuji Ohashi, Kei Kamada, Akira Yoshikawa Optical and scintillation properties of Sr 3 NbGa 3 Si 2 O 14 [SNGS] and Sr 3 TaGa 3 Si 2 O 14 [STGS] single crystals with the langasite-type crystal structure were investigated as a novel scintillator materials. In the transmittance spectra of the SNGS and STGS polished specimens, absorption peaks around 380 and 505 nm were observed and the absorptions are considered to be attributable to the excess oxygen in the crystals. An emission peak around 420 nm was observed in the X-ray radioluminescence spectrum of the SNGS crystal. On the other hand, there was an emission peak around 335 nm in the X-ray radioluminescence spectrum of the STGS crystal.
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 9
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    Thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence studies on LiMgPO4 crystallized by micro pulling down technique (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Publication date: Available online 29 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): D. Wróbel, W. Gieszczyk, P. Bilski, B. Marczewska, M. Kłosowski LiMgPO 4 (LMP) crystals were grown by micro pulling down technique. Samples were irradiated with different β-particle doses of the 90 Sr/ 90 Y source. Thermally and optically stimulated luminescence spectra were measured with the automatic Risø TL/OSL-DA20 reader under the different modes of stimulation. The dose-response dependence, reproducibility, the lowest measurable dose and short-time fading were investigated. TL and OSL dose-response of LiMgPO 4 crystals was found to be linear up to around 1 kGy, what makes this material suitable for high dose measurements. Discrepancies between successive measurements did not exceed 10%, regardless of the applied growth parameters. The lowest measurable dose, defined as three standard deviations of the signal of unexposed detector, was determined around 0.5 mGy. About 73% of the initial OSL signal value was measured 24 hours after the irradiation. For longer periods of time the level of signal stabilizes so that there was no further loss of signal observed. In case of TL, the level of signal does not stabilize and decreases to 69% within 2 weeks after the irradiation. The obtained results tend to suggest that LiMgPO 4 crystals may be considered as promising dosimeters for both personal and high dose dosimetry.
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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  • 10
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    Two-Dimensional Thermoluminescence Dosimetry System for Proton Beam Quality Assurance (2015)
    Elsevier
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Description: Publication date: Available online 29 December 2015 Source: Radiation Measurements Author(s): J. Gajewski, M. Kłosowski, P. Olko The response of a large-area two-dimensional (2D) thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry system with 20x20 cm 2 TL LiF:Mg,Cu,P foils, developed at the Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN was studied for doses of therapeutic proton beams with energies of 80 MeV, 150 MeV and 225 MeV. The one-hit detector model fitted to measured dose response yielded characteristic doses of 227 Gy, 209 Gy and 203 Gy respectively. The system was applied to investigate geometrical parameters of spots produced by proton pencil beams at the Bronowice Cyclotron Centre IFJ PAN. Mean spot sizes measured with TL foils were compared with mean spot sizes calculated for Gafchromic ® films. It was shown that the 2D TL system was capable to measure the spot size up to peak doses of 20 Gy without additional correction for dose response. For measurements of the spot size using Gafchromic ® EBT3 films an additional calibration must be applied to correct for the non-linear response for doses exceeding 1 Gy.
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    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
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