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  • Timoshenko beam theory  (3)
  • Archaeoseismology  (2)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • Iran
  • Springer International Publishing  (4)
  • Springer Netherlands  (2)
  • 2020-2024  (6)
  • 2020-2022
  • 1990-1994
  • 2021  (6)
  • 2021  (6)
  • 1
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    Understanding Micropolar Theory in the Earth Sciences I: The Eigenfrequency $\omega_r$ (2021)
    Springer International Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-12
    Description: Even though micropolar theories are widely applied for engineering applications such as the design of metamaterials, applications in the study of the Earth’s interior still remain limited and in particular in seismology. This is due to the lack of understanding of the required elastic material parameters present in the theory as well as the eigenfrequency $\omega _r$ which is not observed in seismic data. By showing that the general dynamic equations of the Timoshenko’s beam is a particular case of the micropolar theory we are able to connect micropolar elastic parameters to physically measurable quantities. We then present an alternative micropolar model that, based on the same physical basis as the original model, circumvents the problem of the original eigenfrequency $\omega _r$ laking in seismological data. We finally validate our model with a seismic experiment and show it is relevant to explain observed seismic dispersion curves.
    Description: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (1056)
    Keywords: ddc:551.22 ; Timoshenko beam theory ; plate theory ; Cosserat theory ; micropolar theory ; seismology
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 2
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    Understanding Micropolar Theory in the Earth Sciences I: The Eigenfrequency ωr (2021)
    Springer International Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-05
    Description: Even though micropolar theories are widely applied for engineering applications such as the design of metamaterials, applications in the study of the Earth’s interior still remain limited and in particular in seismology. This is due to the lack of understanding of the required elastic material parameters present in the theory as well as the eigenfrequency ωr which is not observed in seismic data. By showing that the general dynamic equations of the Timoshenko’s beam is a particular case of the micropolar theory we are able to connect micropolar elastic parameters to physically measurable quantities. We then present an alternative micropolar model that, based on the same physical basis as the original model, circumvents the problem of the original eigenfrequency ωr laking in seismological data. We finally validate our model with a seismic experiment and show it is relevant to explain observed seismic dispersion curves.
    Description: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (1056)
    Keywords: ddc:551.22 ; Timoshenko beam theory ; plate theory ; Cosserat theory ; micropolar theory ; seismology
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 3
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    Archaeoseismological study of the Cherichira aqueduct bridge, Kairouan, Tunisia (2021)
    Springer International Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-21
    Description: In the past, several destructive earthquakes have occurred in the North African Atlas Mountain ranges located along the Africa–Eurasia plate boundary. Although the region is rich with impressive archaeological sites, including those in modern Tunisia, few comprehensive archaeoseismological studies have been conducted. Historic sources account at least three damaging earthquakes in the Kairouan area in central Tunisia between AD 859 and 1041. Little is known about which faults triggered these earthquakes or the size of these events. The water supply of the city of Kairouan depended on a 32-km-long aqueduct with a large bridge (now partially collapsed) at the confluence of the de Mouta and Cherichira rivers. The original bridge of Roman construction was retrofitted twice during the Aghlabid period (AD 800–903) and probably in AD 995 during the Fatimid period. The ruined section of the bridge shows damage which might be related to the AD 859 earthquake shaking. Here, we present a detailed study of the history, the status and the damage of the Cherichira aqueduct bridge using previous historic accounts and written works, a 3D laser scan model, local geological and seismological characteristics, and include results of radiocarbon dating and a timeline of events. In addition to earthquake ground motions, we consider severe flash floods on the bridge as a potential cause of the damage. We estimate the severity of such flash floods and develop a model with 18 earthquake scenarios on local reverse and strike-slip faults with magnitudes between MW 6.1 and 7.2. While a few damage patterns might be indicative of flooding, most damage can be attributed to earthquakes. It is highly probable that the earthquake in AD 859 caused enough damage to the Aghlabid bridge to render it dysfunctional; however, to resolve the question of whether another earthquake in AD 911 or 1041 caused the complete destruction of the previously retrofitted aqueduct by the Fatimids requires dating of additional sections of the bridge.
    Description: Universität zu Köln (1017)
    Keywords: ddc:551.22 ; Archaeoseismology ; Cherichira aqueduct ; Kairouan ; Historic earthquake ; Flash flood ; Laser scan ; Dating ; Synthetic seismogram
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 4
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    Understanding Micropolar Theory in the Earth Sciences I: The Eigenfrequency ωr (2021)
    Springer International Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-13
    Description: Even though micropolar theories are widely applied for engineering applications such as the design of metamaterials, applications in the study of the Earth’s interior still remain limited and in particular in seismology. This is due to the lack of understanding of the required elastic material parameters present in the theory as well as the eigenfrequency ωr which is not observed in seismic data. By showing that the general dynamic equations of the Timoshenko’s beam is a particular case of the micropolar theory we are able to connect micropolar elastic parameters to physically measurable quantities. We then present an alternative micropolar model that, based on the same physical basis as the original model, circumvents the problem of the original eigenfrequency ωr laking in seismological data. We finally validate our model with a seismic experiment and show it is relevant to explain observed seismic dispersion curves.
    Description: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (1056)
    Keywords: ddc:550 ; Timoshenko beam theory ; plate theory ; Cosserat theory ; micropolar theory ; seismology
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 5
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    Reconstructing the slip velocities of the 1202 and 1759 CE earthquakes based on faulted archaeological structures at Tell Ateret, Dead Sea Fault (2021)
    Springer Netherlands
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-13
    Description: Archaeological structures built across active faults and ruptured by earthquakes have been used as markers to measure the amount of displacement caused by ground motion and thus to estimate the magnitude of ancient earthquakes. The example used in this study is the Crusader fortress at Tel Ateret (Vadum Iacob) in the Jordan Gorge, north of the Sea of Galilee, a site which has been ruptured repeatedly since the Iron Age. We use detailed laser scans and discrete element models of the fortification walls to deduce the slip velocity during the earthquake. Further, we test whether the in-situ observed deformation pattern of the walls allows quantification of the amount both sides of the fault moved and whether post-seismic creep contributed to total displacement. The dynamic simulation of the reaction of the fortification wall to a variety of earthquake scenarios supports the hypothesis that the wall was ruptured by two earthquakes in 1202 and 1759 CE. For the first time, we can estimate the slip velocity during the earthquakes to 3 and 1 m/s for the two events, attribute the main motion to the Arabian plate with a mostly locked Sinai plate, and exclude significant creep contribution to the observed displacements of 1.25 and 0.5 m, respectively. Considering a minimum long-term slip rate at the site of 2.6 mm/year, there is a deficit of at least 1.6 m slip corresponding to a potential future magnitude 7.5 earthquake; if we assume ~5 mm/year geodetic rate, the deficit is even larger.
    Description: Universität zu Köln (1017)
    Keywords: ddc:551.22 ; Archaeoseismology ; Back calculation of ground motion ; Fault slip-velocity ; Tell Ateret ; Dead sea Fault
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 6
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    Rivers in the making; the definition of “Nahr” as a hybrid watercourse based on geoarchaeological evidence from Southwestern Iran (2021)
    Springer Netherlands
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-22
    Description: This paper explores a new perspective to study the settlement dynamics of riverine landscapes by addressing human–environment interaction in the Ancient Near East through integration of remote sensing, new geodata, and developing a definition of a new category of a watercourse. The complex and entangled network of watercourses in the archaeologically crucial region of southwestern Iran, the Greater Susiana, hinders a clear view of the spatial relations between ancient settlements and their respective environments. The watercourses are known to be of either natural (rivers) or anthropogenic (canals) origin. However, many current watercourses do not fit into either category, which causes misinterpretations of the archaeological record. This paper introduces a third category, which consists of a hybrid of the two existing categories and suggests using the term “Nahr” to address such watercourses. The author implements this idea to a case study, Nahr-e Atiq, a watercourse in north Susiana, which passes two prominent sites, Abu Fanduweh and Haft Tappeh. Based on the results of a geoarchaeological investigation(including a survey, eight sediment cores, and several soil profiles, as well as 58 known archaeological sites), several hydro-morphologic elements are presented for identifying Nahrs. These include sedimentation, morphology, and physical characteristics. The most crucial aspect is the biography of a Nahr, as these hybrid watercourses might consist of different sections with different genesis. The author argues that Nahr, as defined here, must be considered an artifact, and studied as such in the landscape archaeology of the Ancient Near East.
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: Universität Konstanz (3156)
    Keywords: ddc:551.48 ; Iran ; Ancient Near East ; Susiana ; Geoarchaeology ; Ancient watercourses ; Nahr-e Atiq
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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