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  • ddc:600  (18)
  • ddc:380  (3)
  • Biodiversity informatics  (1)
  • 04.08. Volcanology
  • ASFA_2015::A::Abiotic factors
  • ASFA_2015::A::Archives
  • The Netherlands
  • evolution
  • forest
  • 2020-2022
  • 2015-2019  (20)
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 2000-2004
  • 2015  (20)
  • 2006  (2)
Publikationsart
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  • 2020-2022
  • 2015-2019  (20)
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 2000-2004
Jahr
  • 1
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    The nutritional footprint : integrated methodology using environmental and health indicators to indicate potential for absolute reduction of natural resource use in the field of food and nutrition (2015)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-18
    Beschreibung: The field of nutrition will face numerous challenges in coming decades; these arise from changing lifestyles and global consumption patterns accompanied by a high use of resources. Against this background, this paper presents a newly designed tool to decrease the effect on nutrition, the so-called Nutritional Footprint. The tool is based on implementing the concept of a sustainable diet in decision-making processes, and supporting a resource-light society. The concept integrates four indicators in each of the two nutrition-related fields of health and environment, and condenses them into an easily communicable result, which limits its results to one effect level. Applied to eight lunch meals, the methodology and its calculations procedures are presented in detail. The results underline the general scientific view of food products; animal-protein based meals are more relevant considering their health and environmental effects. The concept seems useful for consumers to evaluate their own choices, and companies to expand their internal data, their benchmarking processes, or their external communication performance. Methodological shortcomings and the interpretation of results are discussed, and the conclusion shows the tools' potential for shaping transition processes, and for the reduction of natural resource use by supporting food suppliers' and consumers' decisions and choice.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:600
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
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    ARTIKEL (OA)
  • 2
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    Materializing policies for sustainable use and economy-wide management of resources : biophysical perspectives, socio-economic options and a dual approach for the European Union (2006)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-18
    Beschreibung: Policies for Sustainable Use and economy-wide Management of natural Resources (SUMR) throughout the production and consumption system are faced with environmental and socio-economic requirements and regulatory constraints. Based on empirical findings of ongoing trends of resource use, decoupling from economic growth, and transregional problem shifting, the paper outlines a potentially sustainable biophysical basis for production and consumption in the EU. It discusses the main challenges for the major resource groups, describing the specific and the common tasks with regard to biomass, fossil fuels, metals, non-metallic minerals. Adopting a medical metaphor, it suggests that policies for SUMR should follow a dual approach reflecting the long-term need for a main cure of the socio-industrial metabolism in form of a "conditioning" towards a more mature, resource efficient, and renewables based constitution on the one hand, and a fine tuning of selected material flows (e.g. for optimized recycling and control of hazardous compounds) on the other hand. Both strategies are deemed complementary and necessary to reduce environmental impacts and increase the utility of material use. Action required is exemplified with regard to the three pillars of SUMR, i.e. improved orientation, information and incentives.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:600
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    MyEcoCost - forming the nucleus of a novel environmental accounting system : vision, prototype and way forward (2015)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-11-10
    Beschreibung: The innovative software system "myEcoCost" enables to gather and communicate resource and environmental data for products and services in global value chains. The system has been developed in the consortium of the European research project myEcoCost and forms a basis of a new, highly automated environmental accounting system für companies and consumers. The prototype of the system, linked to financial accounting of companies, was developed and tested in close collaboration with large and small companies. This brochure gives a brief introduction to the vision linked to myEcoCost: a network formed by collaborative environmental accounting nodes collecting environmental data at each step in a product's value chains. It shows why better life cycle data are needed and how myEcoCost addresses and solves this problem. Furthermore, it presents options for a future upscaling of highly automated environmenal accounting for prodcuts and services.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:600
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: report , doc-type:report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    On the mechanism and effects of innovation : search for safety and independence of resource constraints expands the safe operating range (2015)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-18
    Beschreibung: The paper reflects the hypothesis that those technological and institutional innovations survive which extend the safe operating range (SOR) of the Humans-Technologies-Institutions (HTI) system (e.g. companies, cities, regions and countries). The multidimensional SOR of a country comprises in particular safe livelihood, quality of life, security, monetary stability, supply security and quality of the environment. A "mechanism of progress" is described involving the search for higher safety and independence of constraints. With innovation and learning in a key role, the mechanism leads to a relative decoupling of resource use and economic value added and a growing share of knowledge generation in the economy. Competition of HTI systems for scarce resources may lead to independence strategies such as enhanced resource efficiency. It may also lead to cooperation of competing HTI systems facilitated by new institutions thus forming an HTI system at higher level of complexity. While the consortium could coordinate their resource consumption within the boundaries of safe operating space, the partner HTI systems would further expand their SOR. Data is provided that net resource importing countries have developed higher material productivity thus increasing their independence from resource supply, and countries with such capability have gained higher innovation capacity.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:600
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    The land footprint of the EU bioeconomy : monitoring tools, gaps and needs (2015)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-18
    Beschreibung: The bioeconomy is gaining growing attention as a perceived win-win strategy for environment and economy in the EU. However, the EU already has a disproportionately high global cropland footprint compared to the world average, and uses more cropland than domestically available to supply its demand for agricultural products. There is a risk that uncontrolled growth of the bioeconomy will increase land use pressures abroad. For that reason, a monitoring system is needed to account for the global land use of European consumption. The aim of this paper is to take a closer look at the tools needed to monitor global cropland footprints, as well as the targets needed to benchmark development. This paper reviews recent developments in land footprint accounting approaches and applies the method of global land use accounting to calculate the global cropland footprint of the EU-27 for the years between 2000 and 2011. It finds a slight decrease in per capita cropland footprints over the past decade (of around 1% annually, reaching 0.29 ha/cap in 2011) and advocates promoting a further decrease in per capita cropland requirements (of around 2% annually) to reach global land use targets for keeping consumption within the safe operating space of planetary boundaries by 2030. It argues that strategic land reduction targets may still go hand in hand with the growth of a smart, innovative and sustainable bioeconomy by reinforcing the need for policies that support greater efficiency across the life-cycle and reduce wasteful and excessive consumption practices. Recommendations for further improving land footprint accounting are given.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:600
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Prospects of carbon capture and storage (CCS) in China's power sector : an integrated assessment (2015)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-18
    Beschreibung: Objective: The aim of the present article is to conduct an integrated assessment in order to explore whether CCS could be a viable technological option for significantly reducing future CO2 emissions in China. Methods: In this paper, an integrated approach covering five assessment dimensions is chosen. Each dimension is investigated using specific methods (graphical abstract). Results: The most crucial precondition that must be met is a reliable storage capacity assessment based on site-specific geological data. Our projection of different trends of coal-based power plant capacities up to 2050 ranges between 34 and 221 Gt of CO2 that may be captured from coal-fired power plants to be built by 2050. If very optimistic assumptions about the country’s CO2 storage potential are applied, 192 Gt of CO2 could theoretically be stored as a result of matching these sources with suitable sinks. If a cautious approach is taken, this figure falls to 29 Gt of CO2. In practice, this potential will decrease further with the impact of technical, legal, economic and social acceptance factors. Further constraints may be the delayed commercial availability of CCS in China; a significant barrier to achieving the economic viability of CCS due to a currently non-existing nation-wide CO2 pricing scheme that generates a sufficiently strong price signal; an expected life-cycle reduction rate of the power plant's greenhouse gas emissions of 59-60%; and an increase in most other negative environmental and social impacts. Conclusion and practice implications: Most experts expect a striking dominance of coal-fired power generation in the country's electricity sector, even if the recent trend towards a flattened deployment of coal capacity and reduced annual growth rates of coal-fired generation proves to be true in the future. In order to reduce fossil fuel-related CO2 emissions to a level that would be consistent with the long-term climate protection target of the international community to which China is increasingly committing itself, this option may require the introduction of CCS. However, a precondition for opting for CCS would be finding robust solutions to the constraints highlighted in this article. Furthermore, a comparison with other low-carbon technology options may be useful in drawing completely valid conclusions on the economic, ecological and social viability of CCS in a low-carbon policy environment. The assessment dimensions should be integrated into macro-economic optimisation models by combining qualitative with quantitative modelling, and the flexible operation of CCS power plants should be analysed in view of a possible role of CCS for balancing fluctuating renewable energies.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:600
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Climate change and industry : challenges and opportunities (2015)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-18
    Beschreibung: The industry sector accounted for just over 30% of global GHG emissions in 2010 and scenarios envisage a continuing rise in demand for energy-intensive materials. This article sums up the most recent international analysis (IPCC, IEA, UNIDO, Global Energy Assessment) to give a broad view of the current prospects for reducing GHG emissions in industry. It does so from a global perspective, complementing where necessary where regional and sector-specific case studies. The article addresses the portfolio of options available, their technical and economic potentials, the experience in the use of policy instruments in industry, the synergies and tradeoffs that mitigation in the industry sector can have with other policy objectives, and the specific concerns of developing countries. Long-term decarbonisation pathways for the sector are also presented.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:600
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Koreanisch
    Materialart: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Integrating and visualizing primary data from prospective and legacy taxonomic literature (2015)
    Pensoft Publishers
    In:  Biodiversity Data Journal vol. 3 no. e5063
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-18
    Beschreibung: Specimen data in taxonomic literature are among the highest quality primary biodiversity data. Innovative cybertaxonomic journals are using workflows that maintain data structure and disseminate electronic content to aggregators and other users; such structure is lost in traditional taxonomic publishing. Legacy taxonomic literature is a vast repository of knowledge about biodiversity. Currently, access to that resource is cumbersome, especially for non-specialist data consumers. Markup is a mechanism that makes this content more accessible, and is especially suited to machine analysis. Fine-grained XML (Extensible Markup Language) markup was applied to all (37) open-access articles published in the journal Zootaxa containing treatments on spiders (Order: Araneae). The markup approach was optimized to extract primary specimen data from legacy publications. These data were combined with data from articles containing treatments on spiders published in Biodiversity Data Journal where XML structure is part of the routine publication process. A series of charts was developed to visualize the content of specimen data in XML-tagged taxonomic treatments, either singly or in aggregate. The data can be filtered by several fields (including journal, taxon, institutional collection, collecting country, collector, author, article and treatment) to query particular aspects of the data. We demonstrate here that XML markup using GoldenGATE can address the challenge presented by unstructured legacy data, can extract structured primary biodiversity data which can be aggregated with and jointly queried with data from other Darwin Core-compatible sources, and show how visualization of these data can communicate key information contained in biodiversity literature. We complement recent studies on aspects of biodiversity knowledge using XML structured data to explore 1) the time lag between species discovry and description, and 2) the prevelence of rarity in species descriptions.
    Schlagwort(e): Araneae ; Biodiversity informatics ; Data mining ; Open access ; Spiders ; Taxonomy ; XML ; markup
    Repository-Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Materialart: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    CO2 reuse NRW : evaluating gas sources, demand and utilization for CO2 and H2 within the North Rhine-Westphalia area with respect to gas qualities ; final report (2015)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2022-02-18
    Beschreibung: The CO2 utilisation is discussed as one of the future low-carbon technologies in order to accomplish a full decarbonisation in the energy intensive industry. CO2 is separated from the flue gas stream of power plants or industrial plants and is prepared for further processing as raw material. CO2 containing gas streams from industrial processes exhibit a higher concentration of CO2 than flue gases from power plants; consequentially, industrial CO2 sources are used as raw material for the chemical industry and for the synthesis of fuel on the output side. Additionally, fossil resources can be replaced by substitutes of reused CO2 on the input side. If set up in a right way, this step into a CO2-based circular flow economy could make a contribution to the decarbonisation of the industrial sector and according to the adjusted potential, even rudimentarily to the energy sector. In this study, the authors analyse potential CO2 sources, the potential demand and the range of applications of CO2. In the last chapter of the final report, they give recommendations for research, development, politics and economics for an appropriate future designing of CO2 utilisation options based upon their previous analysis.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:600
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: report , doc-type:report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    The barriers to low-carbon land-transport and policies to overcome them (2015)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-23
    Beschreibung: Considerable efficiency gains can be made costeffectively to set the transport sector on a sustainable development pathway. They can be achieved through already available technologies and practices, which will not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions significantly, but also generate social, environmental and economic co-benefits. However, progress in the take-up of low-carbon mobility measures substantially lags behind the potential. A number of barriers contribute to this lack of uptake. This paper explores those barriers by focusing on vehicle fuel efficiency in particular, but will also touch on the wider policy framework to improve the efficiency of the transport sector and reduce emissions. The paper suggests that a combination of fuel pricing, differentiated vehicle taxation, vehicle standards and the provision of modal choice are necessary to minimise rebound effects and significantly curb transport sector greenhouse gas emissions at low- or even negative cost.
    Schlagwort(e): ddc:380
    Repository-Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Sprache: Englisch
    Materialart: article , doc-type:article
    Format: application/pdf
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