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  • 1
    In: Journal of Traumatic Stress, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2020-02), p. 116-125
    Abstract: Traditional and Simplified Chinese Abstracts by the Asian Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (AsianSTSS) 簡體及繁體中文撮要由亞洲創傷心理研究學會翻譯 Assessment, Intervention, Theory, and the Nature of Reality: Actualizing the Potential of Network Perspectives on Post‐ Traumatic Stress Disorder Traditional Chinese 標題: 評估、干預、理論, 以及現實的本質:實踐以網絡分析法研究創傷後壓力症的可能 撮要: 這篇針對《創傷壓力期刊》網絡分析法特刊的評論, 探討網絡分析法研究創傷後壓力症(PTSD)的角度, 強調今期論文所作的研究突破。評論內容圍繞如何實踐網絡分析法的方法學、評估及干預可能性, 以及網絡模型所意味著精神疾病理論支持的潛在改變。首先, 現存的網絡分析數據反映, 人對創傷壓力的反應比過往研究所得更為複雜, 但那並不代表我們沒有有效、相對簡單的經驗法則去幫助評估和干預。關注症狀評估的方法學問題, 可能有助這方面的研究進展。第二, 現有的研究雖然已找出網絡模型的時間關連, 但現有研究有很大的相關性, 而且仍未有因果關連。前瞻性研究與干預研究採用網絡分析, 將是關鍵。第三, 以網絡分析法研究PTSD症狀, 可能可透過把症狀與理論上的因果過程連起來, 而有助推進有關風險與恢復力機制 (例如神經發展的、認知行為的、情緒的、社會的模型) 的研究。一個檢視認知、行為、社會、情緒的負面和潛在正面後果隨時間產生的反應, 以審視創傷壓力的效應的發展性框架, 適合用於網絡分析模型。第四, 網絡模型令我們重新思考精神疾病概念的一些基本假設, 其引伸的一些本體論問題和意味目前仍未被解答。我們需有研究檢視新假設的意味。 Simplified Chinese 标题: 评估、干预、理论, 以及现实的本质:实践以网络分析法研究创伤后压力症的可能 撮要: 这篇针对《创伤压力期刊》网络分析法特刊的评论, 探讨网络分析法研究创伤后压力症(PTSD)的角度, 强调今期论文所作的研究突破。评论内容围绕如何实践网络分析法的方法学、评估及干预可能性, 以及网络模型所意味着精神疾病理论支持的潜在改变。首先, 现存的网络分析数据反映, 人对创伤压力的反应比过往研究所得更为复杂, 但那并不代表我们没有有效、相对简单的经验法则去帮助评估和干预。关注症状评估的方法学问题, 可能有助这方面的研究进展。第二, 现有的研究虽然已找出网络模型的时间关连, 但现有研究有很大的相关性, 而且仍未有因果关连。前瞻性研究与干预研究采用网络分析, 将是关键。第三, 以网络分析法研究PTSD症状, 可能可透过把症状与理论上的因果过程连起来, 而有助推进有关风险与恢复力机制 (例如神经发展的、认知行为的、情绪的、社会的模型) 的研究。一个检视认知、行为、社会、情绪的负面和潜在正面后果随时间产生的反应, 以审视创伤压力的效应的发展性框架, 适合用于网络分析模型。第四, 网络模型令我们重新思考精神疾病概念的一些基本假设, 其引伸的一些本体论问题和意味目前仍未被解答。我们需有研究检视新假设的意味。
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-9867 , 1573-6598
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2001
    In:  The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2001-08), p. 215-234
    In: The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, Wiley, Vol. 40, No. 3 ( 2001-08), p. 215-234
    Abstract: This article presents results from the first survey of stalking victims to be conducted in the United Kingdom. In‐depth questionnaire data are drawn on to investigate the course and nature of prolonged stalking in 95 self‐defined victims. Findings indicate a pattern of repeated intrusions, a high violence risk for both victims and their loved ones, a dearth of sources of support, and varied police response. Stalkers had higher socio‐economic status than most other criminals, were ex‐partners of the victim in under half of cases, and did not necessarily operate alone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0265-5527 , 1468-2311
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2001
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495470-9
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Traumatic Stress, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2022-04), p. 362-374
    Abstract: JOTS‐20‐0454.R2 Spanish Abstracts by Asociación Chilena de Estrés Traumático (ACET) La Naturaleza Multifacética de la Respuesta a la Adversidad de una Muestra Italiana de Líderes Comunitarios Refugiados RESPUESTA A LA ADVERSIDAD EN LIDERES COMUNITARIOS REFUGIADOS Al final de la última década se vieron números récord de llegadas de refugiados en Italia, desgarrando los sistemas de recepción e integración existentes. Aunque la atención de la investigación se ha centrado significativamente en la prevalencia del trastorno de estrés traumático (TEPT), depresión, e ideación suicida en poblaciones de refugiados, hay llamadas crecientes para estudiar las interacciones entre el malestar, la resiliencia, y los resultados positivos de la adversidad. Para entender completamente la complejidad de la experiencia de refugiados, estas voces deben ser escuchadas en diálogos. Los estudios deberían ser encuadrados dentro de una visión más matizada de los refugiados, caracterizándolos no exclusivamente como víctimas, pero también como activistas por su propio bienestar y el de sus comunidades. Este estudio exploratorio llevó a cabo un análisis temático de 15 entrevistas realizadas con líderes comunitarios refugiados en Italia, cada uno un fundador o líder de una asociación comunitaria y vinculados activamente a la sociedad civil. En línea con el constructo de desarrollo activado por la adversidad de Papadopoulos (2007), un análisis inductivo identificó tres patrones distintivos de una respuesta de adversidad positiva: significado, motivación, y movilización. Un análisis deductivo identificó las teorías de resiliencia más apropiadas para describir la muestra, las cuales incluyeron resiliencia como una adaptación positiva dinámica y resiliencia como resistencia al cambio en los códigos morales y sistemas de valores personales. La imagen resultante de los líderes comunitarios refugiados en Italia es de individuos que están expuestos a adversidad y experiencias de sufrimiento y estrés, pero protegen sus valores centrales mientras se adaptan positivamente a un nuevo país.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-9867 , 1573-6598
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2017312-X
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2008
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 53, No. 4 ( 2008-07), p. 771-776
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 53, No. 4 ( 2008-07), p. 771-776
    Abstract: Abstract:  In the last 15 years, the US Supreme Court has implemented major changes concerning the admittance of expert testimony. In 1993, Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals superseded the Frye ruling in federal courts and established judges, not the scientific community, as the gatekeepers regarding the credibility of scientific evidence. In 1999, a lesser‐known but equally important decision, Kumho Tire v. Carmichael , ruled that technical expert testimony needed to employ the same rigor as outlined in Daubert , but experts can develop theories based on observations and apply such theories to the case before the court. Anthropology has never been defined as a hard science. Yet, many recent publications have modified existing techniques to meet the Daubert criteria, while none have discussed the significance of Kumho to anthropological testimony. This paper examines the impact of Daubert and Kumho on forensic anthropology and illustrates areas of anthropological testimony best admitted under Kumho’s guidance.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2013-11), p. 1615-1620
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 58, No. 6 ( 2013-11), p. 1615-1620
    Abstract: The nature of crime scene palmar images ( CSPI ) or factors affecting search parameters using a palm‐enabled AFIS system have not been investigated. A questionnaire‐based survey, undertaken by U.K. fingerprint experts utilizing the U.K.'s IDENT ‐1 system during the period January to J uly 2010, of CSPI marks has been conducted to provide descriptive statistical data on the nature of CSPI and some aspects of the ACE ‐V process. 45 scene‐recovered marks were analyzed for part of the CSPI recovered, friction ridge detail, and process times. U.K. population handedness was different from recovered CSPI . Most and least frequently recovered regions were hypothenar pad B and the central pad, respectively. There was a nonsignificant association between palm region and number of palm regions recovered, as well as identification rate and analysis times and characteristics. The number of CSPI regions was significantly related to time for analysis, identification, and comparison.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Traumatic Stress Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2010-08), p. 532-536
    In: Journal of Traumatic Stress, Wiley, Vol. 23, No. 4 ( 2010-08), p. 532-536
    Abstract: The authors examined how different types of torture methods are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and somatic symptoms among political ex‐prisoners. Participants were 275 Palestinian men who reported their experiences in detention and imprisonment, PTSD (the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire), and somatic symptoms. A principal component analysis revealed physical torture, psychological torture, sensory discomfort and deprivation, and beatings as dimensions of exposure to torture. Both physical and psychological torture methods were associated with increased PTSD symptoms, especially when combined. Psychological torture was also associated with increased somatic symptoms. The results are discussed in relation to their contribution to the current debate on the nature and definition of torture.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-9867 , 1573-6598
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2017312-X
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Forensic Sciences Vol. 51, No. 3 ( 2006-05), p. 498-503
    In: Journal of Forensic Sciences, Wiley, Vol. 51, No. 3 ( 2006-05), p. 498-503
    Abstract: ABSTRACT: The present study reports our observations of a naturally mummified human brain found in the bushveld of South Africa. This case extends the geographic and climatic ranges in which mummified brains have been found, and it represents an additional case where no human activity has led to the mummification. The mummified brain was c . one fifth the size of a normal human brain, while the gyral and sulcal patterns of a typical human brain were clear. CT scanning of the brain revealed that subcortical structures, normally evident in this type of imaging, were not discernable, indicating a slow mummification process. Histological examination of the tissue revealed near complete degradation of the microanatomical structure, with only putative Nissl bodies remaining as identifiable neural microstructures. The specimen appears to have survived several veld fires, as well as a high annual rainfall, and a high relative humidity. It is thought that specific conditions amenable to brain mummification, but not other soft tissues, occurred in the skull of this specimen in the weeks postmortem.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1198 , 1556-4029
    URL: Issue
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2026357-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 1982
    In:  The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice Vol. 21, No. 1-3 ( 1982-07), p. 105-116
    In: The Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 1-3 ( 1982-07), p. 105-116
    Abstract: In his recent article in the Howard Journal , McWilliams examined the proposition that the relationship between probation officers and courts has deteriorated as a result of a growing gulf between a virtually unchanging bench and a much changed justices' clerk and probation service. There have however been substantial and significant changes in the nature of the bench and its work which, it is suggested, have had a fundamental effect upon the growing belief in this proposition. When these changes are considered with alternative interpretations of the changes in the probation service, the possibility of alternatives to McWilliams's tentative solutions emerges.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0265-5527 , 1468-2311
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1982
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2884435-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495470-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiley ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. 74-89
    In: Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling, Wiley, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. 74-89
    Abstract: Introducing a special issue of this journal, Youngs discussed the desirability of, but problems in realising, greater collaboration between psychology and the criminal investigation and trial processes. This paper acknowledges the value of investigative psychology's potential contribution but argues that the alleged incompatibilities, between psychology and law, are based upon too narrow a conception of law and legal action. A direct approach, with considerable potential for productive, principled, and practical research, already exists. It involves focusing on the evidence, assessing it along each of its three credentials, and identifying the nature of the inferential reasoning involved. This paper identifies a number of ways in which practical, inter‐disciplinary and collaboration could and should be developed to ensure that the courts receive quality evidence. It also argues that more attention should be paid to abductive inferential reasoning, both by researchers and courts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1544-4759 , 1544-4767
    URL: Issue
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2156109-6
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