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  • 11
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    An overview of global catch statistics for inland fish
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2011
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 68, No. 8 ( 2011-09-01), p. 1751-1756
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 68, No. 8 ( 2011-09-01), p. 1751-1756
    Abstract: Welcomme, R. L. 2011. An overview of global catch statistics for inland fish. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1751–1756. The reported global inland fish catch passed 10 million tonnes in 2008, after almost linear growth from the early 1950s. The rise coincides with an increasing number of reports of falling catches resulting from environmental degradation. It is thought that catches from inland waters were underreported in the past because of constraints on collecting the relevant data. National approaches to data collection are not generally comparable and their accuracy not usually assessed. National data processing and reporting should be audited, and training undertaken to harmonize these activities. The apparently bigger catches probably result from better reporting of actual catches rather than any increase in the amount of fish landed. Current data are sufficient only for a general overview of global inland catches of fish, rather than for the detailed analysis needed for management, policy formulation, and the valuation of inland fisheries. There is a need for improved approaches to data collection and for historical catches to be corrected to account for changes in methodologies and reporting procedures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsr035
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 12
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    Does Climate Change Matter to Us? Knowledge, Attitudes, and Environmental Behavior
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  European Journal of Public Health Vol. 30, No. Supplement_5 ( 2020-09-01)
    Details
    In: European Journal of Public Health, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 30, No. Supplement_5 ( 2020-09-01)
    Abstract: Climate change is one of the greatest global threats to humanity in the 21st century, and it is directly or indirectly caused by human activity. In view of the effects of climate change, it is important to examine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of the public. A better understanding of these variables should improve the current debate on the impact of human behavior on environment and health. Methods In a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire, 704 students were asked about their knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to climate change. The data were analyzed using correlations, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and linear regression models. Results We found that students have a medium level of knowledge about the impact of climate change and that their attitudes are moderately pro-environmental, yet they are not strict about pro-environmental behavior. Students with higher levels of environmental knowledge demonstrated more pro-environmental attitudes and behavior, and attitudes mediate the relationship between level of knowledge and behavior. Women demonstrated more pro-environmental behavior than did men, and computer science and management students have the highest levels of knowledge, while health sciences students hold the most positive attitudes and more pro-environmental behavior. Conclusions Our results highlight the importance of raising awareness of the effects of climate change and increasing knowledge about how climate change can be mitigated. To this end, an introductory course on environmental science should be integrated into various academic study programs. Further research is needed in order to understand the factors associated with pro-environmental behavior and how to promote it. Key messages Environmental behavior is a function of knowledge, skills, and values. Nevertheless, gaps might exist between social and environmental values that a person aspires to believe in and his/her behavior. Preferring the present over the future is a classic sustainability problem, as intentional sustainable behavior necessitates long-term thinking and gives precedence to future benefits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1101-1262 , 1464-360X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.079
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 13
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    Environmental noise levels and noise annoyance in Novi Sad, 2012-2016
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  European Journal of Public Health Vol. 29, No. Supplement_4 ( 2019-11-01)
    Details
    In: European Journal of Public Health, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 29, No. Supplement_4 ( 2019-11-01)
    Abstract: Increased noise level represents a significant public health problem in urban environments. The aim of this paper is to examine the annoyance of the population by road traffic noise in the City of Novi Sad. Methods The results of 161 24-hour noise measurements in Novi Sad were analyzed. Measurements were done by Public Health Institute of Vojvodina, according to accredited and standardized national methodology during 2012 - 2016. Results Total noise indicator (Lden) / night noise indicator (Lnight) ranged from 61,1 dB / 50,7 dB in residential, up to 66,3 dB / 58,1 dB in recreation / hospital areas, 68,0 dB / 60,3 dB in city traffic areas and 70,2 dB / 62,7 dB in business and residential areas. Taking into account the results and using methodology prescribed by national regulations, the percentage of highly annoyed population (% HA) was found to be in the range 11-25% during the day, and 6-13% during the night. Using ISO 1996-1:2016, prevalence of a population highly annoyed (PHA) was established to be in the range 9,2-33,9% in residential; 18,4-45,7% in recreation / hospital areas 22,9-50,6 in city traffic; 27,7-55,4% in business and residential areas. Conclusions The results confirm that urban noise seriously disturbs people. It was established that about a half of the population was highly annoyed which poses a serious challenge for public health. The results have social, health and economic importance for the population. Activities to reduce the noise level could also stimulate economic, health, social and community programs for sustainable development aiming to preserve and improve human health. Acknowledgment: Supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Serbia - Project “Biosensing Technologies and Global System for Continuous Research and Integrated Management”, No.43002 Key messages Continous noise monitoring is important for understanding the impact of noise on human health. About a half of the population was highly annoyed by noise, which poses a big challenge for public health in urban areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1101-1262 , 1464-360X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.256
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 14
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    Estimating spatial non-stationary environmental effects on the distribution of species: a case study from American lobster in the Gulf of Maine
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2018
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 75, No. 4 ( 2018-07-01), p. 1473-1482
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 75, No. 4 ( 2018-07-01), p. 1473-1482
    Abstract: Estimating spatial distribution of a species is traditionally achieved using global regression models with the assumption of spatial stationarity of relationships between species and environmental variables. However, species abundance and environmental variables are often spatially correlated and the strength of environmental effects may exhibit spatial non-stationarity on the species distribution. We applied local models, such as season-, sex-, and size-specific geographically weighted regression (GWR) models, on American lobster to explore non-stationary environmental effects on the presence and density of lobsters in the inshore Gulf of Maine (GOM). This species and its fishery have undergone a dramatic increase in abundance over the past two decades. Model results showed that the strength of the estimated relationships in the western GOM were different with the relationships in the eastern GOM during 2000–2014. Bottom water temperature had a more significant positive impact on the increase of lobsters in the eastern GOM, while the influence of temperature was less significant in the west and the more distinguishable drivers of distribution needed to be identified. The estimation of locally varied relationships can further improve regionally informed management plans. The modeling approach can be widely applied to many other species or study areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1054-3139 , 1095-9289
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsy024
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 15
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    The art of “not undermining”: possibilities within existing architecture to improve environmental protections in areas beyond national jurisdiction
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2018
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2018-01-01), p. 405-416
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2018-01-01), p. 405-416
    Abstract: United Nations General Assembly resolution 69/292 provides that in developing an internationally legally binding instrument on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, the process should “not undermine” relevant existing legal instruments and frameworks and relevant global, regional, and sectoral bodies. An analysis of the varied interpretations of this ambiguous expression and its surrounding language raises questions about the role envisaged for such existing architecture. This article considers the practice of regional fisheries management organizations as an illustration of the possibilities and potential for improved practices generated from within existing architecture. It reviews measures taken to protect biodiversity and innovative applications of international law that have improved the ability of RFMOs to take such environmental measures. It seeks to highlight the importance of avoiding too narrow an interpretation of the notion of “not undermining”, and of recognizing the potential in existing architecture when designing an improved regime for the protection of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1054-3139 , 1095-9289
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsx209
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 16
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    Climate adaptation depends on rebalancing flexibility and rigidity in US fisheries management
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science ( 2023-12-06)
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), ( 2023-12-06)
    Abstract: Fisheries face unprecedented environmental change. An important aspect of resilience to this change is the adaptive capacity of managers and stakeholders to respond to new conditions. A growing academic literature has demonstrated the value of fostering this adaptive capacity and highlighted key elements of fisheries social-ecological systems that can promote it. However, it is unclear to what extent these abstract academic ideas around adaptive capacity are relevant and valuable to on-the-ground resource managers, and if so, whether there are aspects of the literature that particularly resonate with their needs. Here, we compare academic concepts of adaptive capacity to the ways that management practitioners conceptualize and implement these ideas in practice, elicited through interviews with key professionals in United States federal fishery management bodies. Practitioners overwhelmingly cited flexibility to respond to change as the most consistently important element of adaptive capacity. Yet, they also detailed how the U.S. fishery management system routinely limits and constrains the flexibility of managers and stakeholders. Seeking out opportunities that enhance flexibility without jeopardizing other key aspects of adaptive capacity could increase management’s adaptive capacity to global change in the USA and elsewhere.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1054-3139 , 1095-9289
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsad189
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 17
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    Blood transcriptomic differences in the immune response under stressful environmental according to stocking density in pigs
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Animal Science
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Abstract: The implementation of animal welfare in the pig industry is becoming a global trend, and welfare can be improved through livestock management. In modern and intensive farming systems, it has become important to find a reasonable compromise between stocking density and productivity. The simultaneous detection of behavioral and physiological parameters is helpful when considering welfare levels for stocking density. This study aimed to confirm the effect of stocking density through transcriptome linkage. A comparison of three groups according to stocking density (low density, 8 pigs and 1.0 m2 per head; normal density, 8 pigs and 0.8 m2 per head; and high density, 8 pigs and 0.6 m2 per head) was performed, and their transcriptomic changes were observed using the RNA-Seq method. Differentially expressed genes were identified for each comparison group (low density vs. normal density, 95 upregulated genes and 112 downregulated genes; high density vs. normal density, 133 upregulated genes and 217 downregulated genes; and high density vs. low density, 245 upregulated genes and 237 downregulated genes). Biological mechanisms according to stocking density were identified through functional annotation. T cell differentiation and immune disease pathway enriched in the high-density group caused immune imbalance through dysregulated T cell signaling. Moreover, oxidative stress, together with DNA damage, can lead to high susceptibility to disease. Our study confirmed the biological mechanisms through immunological expression patterns according to stocking density. The study results are expected to provide comprehensive insight into systematic operation strategies considering stocking density and biomarkers for use in welfare evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad336
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 18
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    Law Beyond Boundaries: innovative mechanisms for the integrated management of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2018
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2018-01-01), p. 402-404
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 75, No. 1 ( 2018-01-01), p. 402-404
    Abstract: On 24 February 2017, a workshop entitled “Law Beyond Boundaries: innovative mechanisms for the integrated management of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction” was held in Wollongong, Australia hosted by the Oceans and International Environmental Law Interest Group of the Australian and New Zealand Society of International Law, in association with the Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security at the University of Wollongong. The aim of the workshop was to address the question, how can international law be used in innovative ways to effectively conserve and sustainably manage marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ)? In this introduction, we briefly summarize five of the papers developed for the workshop, highlighting the way in which they address three important themes: the promise and limits of existing institutional mechanisms governing activities in ABNJ; interactions between established principles and regimes for ABNJ; and the lessons that can be drawn from existing global and regional approaches to ABNJ. We hope that the ideas developed in this article theme set will contribute to the ongoing discussions at the United Nations General Assembly, as the international community works toward the development of an international legally binding instrument to govern activities in ABNJ.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1054-3139 , 1095-9289
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsx242
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 19
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    Satellite remote sensing for an ecosystem approach to fisheries management
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2011
    In:  ICES Journal of Marine Science Vol. 68, No. 4 ( 2011-03-01), p. 651-666
    Details
    In: ICES Journal of Marine Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 68, No. 4 ( 2011-03-01), p. 651-666
    Abstract: Chassot, E., Bonhommeau, S., Reygondeau, G., Nieto, K., Polovina, J. J., Huret, M., Dulvy, N. K., and Demarcq, H. 2011. Satellite remote sensing for an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 651–666. Satellite remote sensing (SRS) of the marine environment has become instrumental in ecology for environmental monitoring and impact assessment, and it is a promising tool for conservation issues. In the context of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM), global, daily, systematic, high-resolution images obtained from satellites provide a good data source for incorporating habitat considerations into marine fish population dynamics. An overview of the most common SRS datasets available to fishery scientists and state-of-the-art data-processing methods is presented, focusing on recently developed techniques for detecting mesoscale features such as eddies, fronts, filaments, and river plumes of major importance in productivity enhancement and associated fish aggregation. A comprehensive review of remotely sensed data applications in fisheries over the past three decades for investigating the relationships between oceanographic conditions and marine resources is provided, emphasizing how synoptic and information-rich SRS data have become instrumental in ecological analyses at community and ecosystem scales. Finally, SRS data, in conjunction with automated in situ data-acquisition systems, can provide the scientific community with a major source of information for ecosystem modelling, a key tool for implementing an EAFM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1095-9289 , 1054-3139
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/icesjms/fsq195
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 20
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    43 Nutritional management for tropical-subtropical-adapted cattle receiving high-concentrate diets
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Animal Science Vol. 97, No. Supplement_3 ( 2019-12-05), p. 33-34
    Details
    In: Journal of Animal Science, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 97, No. Supplement_3 ( 2019-12-05), p. 33-34
    Abstract: Contemporary nutritional research investigates the effects of diet formulation and feeding strategies on animal performance and global sustainability under different climates. Functional nutrition models have incorporated the effects of heat stress on net energy for maintenance requirements, dry matter intake (DMI), and milk production when accounting for animal and the environmental factors. It is commonly assumed that growing Bos indicus breeds receiving feedlot-type diets in tropical and subtropical regions have exhibited lower maintenance energy requirements than Bos taurus breeds. However, the ability to predict supplies of energy, protein, and minerals available to meet animal requirements depends on the accuracy and consistency of feed composition values obtained through digestibility trials and chemical analyses. Empirical observations indicate that feedstuffs grown in high temperatures affect cell wall lignification and metabolic activity rates, requiring special procedures for digestion trials. Similarly, physiological adaptation mechanisms in cattle in response to heat stress conditions include evapotranspiration, sweating, and drooling. Heat stress studies have reported a correlation between reduced DMI and increased dry matter digestibility for all breeds of cattle exposed to temperatures that exceed the upper critical temperatures. For that reason, diet formulation with integrated mathematical nutrition modeling can account for nutrient and animal variability, to improve total digestible nutrient values. Furthermore, the water requirement is influenced by stage and type of production, activity, diet composition, feed intake and environmental temperature. Adjustments in management practices could potentially result in reduced production losses caused by thermal heat stress. The utilization of region-specific facilities that accommodate cattle and ensure the availability and quality of drinking water will improve overall animal health and production. Cattle receiving high-concentrate diets in tropical and subtropical regions require adjustments in management and nutrition to mitigate challenges induced by heat stress environments, but improvements are warranted for required energy and water for Bos indicus breeds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8812 , 1525-3163
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz258.066
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
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