Note: Intro -- GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: IMPACT, MANAGEMENT AND EFFECTS -- GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES: IMPACT, MANAGEMENT AND EFFECTS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 THE ROLE OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN THE DETERMINATION OF POLICY LEGITIMACY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: PEOPLE AND PLANET MATTERS -- CASE STUDY: THE COORONG AND LOWER LAKES WETLAND -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT, BIOFUEL: SUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BIOFUELS AND DEFORESTATION -- CROPPING PATTERNS (CONVENTIONAL, ORGANIC AND GENETICALLY MODIFIED CROPS) -- EFFECT OF BIOMASS COLLECTION ON SOIL CARBON/FERTILITY -- BIOFUELS AND FOOD PRICE -- DIETARY CHOICES AND HEALTH CONCERNS -- FOOD PACKAGING, SUPPLY AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 WOODFUELS USE FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURES' MATERIALIZATION -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENTAL -- 2.1. Application of the Retscreen International Software -- 2.2. Parameters of the Energy Projects -- 2.3. Retscreen Software Characteristics -- 3. EVALUATION OF THE PROJECTS -- 3.1. Environmental Evaluation of the Projects -- 3.2. Financial Evaluation of the Projects -- 3.2.1. Financial Considerations of Energy Projects -- 3.2.2. Financial Outcomes of the Projects -- 4. THE GREEK AND THE WOODFUEL IMPORTS FROM THE NEARBY BALKAN COUNTRIES SCENARIOS -- 5. TWO DIFFERENT SCENARIOS PRESENTATION -- 5.1. Environmental Evaluation of the Scenarios -- 5.2. Financial Evaluation of the Scenarios -- 5.2.1. General Financial Consideration -- 5.2.2. Financial Evaluation of the Scenarios -- 6. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 EVALUATION OF THE ALGORITHMS USED IN CALPUFF MODEL FOR VISIBILITY IMPACT DUE TO INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION. , 1.1. Air Quality Trends in National Parks -- 1.2. Purpose -- 2. METHODOLOGY -- 2.1. Input Data Compilation -- 2.2. Model Selection -- 2.2.1. CALMET Preprocessor -- 2.2.2. CALPUFF Model -- 2.2.3. CALPOST Postprocessor -- Old (Original ) IMPROVE Algorithm -- New IMPROVE Algorithm -- Sea Salt Term -- Organic Mass to Carbon Ratio -- Rayleigh Scattering Factor -- Split Component Extinction Efficiency Model -- NO2 Light Absorption Term -- 2.3. Evaluation of Results -- 2.3.1. Analysis of the Monitoring -- 2.3.2. Analysis of Model Results -- 2.3.3. Evaluation of Predicted Visibility Impact -- 2.3.4. 98th Percentile Method of Evaluation -- 3. INPUT DATABASE DEVELOPMENT -- 3.1.1. Facility Location and Relevant Class I Areas -- 3.2. The CALPUFF/CALMET Model Input Parameters -- 3.2.1. Modeling Domain -- 3.2.2. Receptor Network and Receptor Data -- 3.2.3. Emission Input Data -- 3.2.4. Pollutants Input Data -- 3.2.5. Meteorological Input Parameters -- 3.3. CALPOST Postprocessing Input Parameters -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4.1. Visibility Impact -- 4.2. Comparison of Visibility Results between Two Algorithms -- 5.3. Comparison of Visibility Values between Observed and Predicted Visibility Results -- 6. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 THE STATE OF AIR POLLUTION IN NORTH KOREA IN COMPARISON WITH SOUTH KOREA -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE AIR POLLUTION CONTROL POLICY OF NORTH KOREA -- 3. THE STATE OF AIR POLLUTION IN NORTH KOREA -- 1) The State of Local Air Pollution in North Korea -- The State of Air Pollution of a Rural Area in North Korea: Geumho -- The State of Air Pollution of an Urban Area in North Korea: Pyongyang -- The State of Air Pollution of an Industrial Area in North Korea: Wonsan -- 2) Comparison of Ambient and Personal Exposure Levels of Air Pollution between Seoul and Pyongyang -- Ambient Air Qualities -- NO2 -- SO2. , Personal Exposure -- 3) The Estimation of the Air Pollutants Emissions in North Korea -- Air Pollutants Emissions in North Korea -- Air Pollutants Emissions in Pyongyang -- 4. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Articles in Journals -- Books -- Chapter 6 A DESCRIPTION OF ACCESS TO WATER IN YUCATÁN, MÉXICO -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. WATER SITUATION IN YUCATAN -- 3. ACCESS TO WATER IN YUCATAN -- 3.1. Types of Access to Water -- 3.2. Water Quality -- 3.3. Time Required for Access -- 4. CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 HOW CAN ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES? -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES -- ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING -- Environmental Management Accounting and Cost Assessments -- Environmental Financial Accounting -- Environmental Reporting -- Environmental Auditing -- Environmental Economics or Natural Resource Accounting -- THE POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES -- Identification of Issues -- Development of Environmental Policies -- Implementation of Environmental Policies -- Monitoring the Effects of Environmental Policies -- Reporting on the Effects of Environmental Policies -- Review of Environmental Policies -- HOW CAN THE CONTRIBUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES BE IMPROVED? -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8 EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON LAKE MIXING PATTERNS AND WATER QUALITY -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. FACTS ABOUT LAKE TAHOE -- 3. METHODS -- 3.1. Lake Clarity model -- 3.2. Future 40-Year Scenario -- 3.3. Future Trends of Climatic Variables -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- 4.1. Future Trend of Climatic Variables -- 4.2. Lake Warming and Stability Change -- 4.3. Warming Trend in Other Lakes. , 4.4. Possible Effects on Lake due to Warming Trend -- CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 9 THE SUSTAINABLE TERRITORIAL ENVIRONMENTAL/ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT APPROACH TO MANAGE POLICY IMPACTS AND EFFECTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 4.1. The STeM Approach structure -- 4.2. The Conceptual Base of the Model -- 4.3. Easier Hypothesis of the STeM Approach -- 4.3.1. How to Calculate the Development Limit in STeMA -- 2. METHODOLOGY FOR THE PLANNING AND PROJECT CHOICE -- 3. OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES -- 4. CONCLUSION AND OPEN QUESTIONS: SOME REMARKS ON IMPACT ASSESSMENT IN THE GLOBAL CONTEXT -- REFERENCES -- ESPON 2006 PROGRAMME SOURCES -- Chapter 10 REVIEW OF CORNERSTONE PARAMETERS INFLUENCING FUTURE ENERGY POLICY -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. VANISHING CHEAP RESOURCES -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. A Changing World Energy Resource Base -- 1.3. Effects of Global Economies -- 1.4. Conclusion -- 2. POTENTIAL INFLUENCES OF HYDROGEN GAS ON THE ENVIRONMENT -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Hydrogen in our Future -- 2.3. Impact of Hydrogen on the Ecosystem -- 2.4. "New" Renewables -- 2.5. Conclusion -- 3. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF GLOBAL WARMING AS A SCIENTIFIC FACT -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Human Impact on Global Warming -- 3.3. Conclusion -- 4. CO2 EMISSIONS CALCULATIONS DUE TO ELECTRICITY GENERATION BASED ON VARIOUS SOURCES -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Electricity Generation -- 4.3. Conclusion -- 5. SUMMARY AND OVERALL CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- INDEX -- Blank Page.

Note: Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Activism! Toward a More Radical Science and Technology Education -- Navigating the Contemporary -- Building a Collection -- A Brief Overview of the Collection -- Framing a More Radical Approach to Science and Technology Education -- Science and Technology Education Should Be Critically Reworked in Relation to Contemporary Economic, Social, Ecological and Ma... -- Science and Technology Education Should Be Critically Reworked as Political Practice -- Science and Technology Education Should Be Critically Reworked to Support Learners as Subjects in Change and Not Objects of Ch... -- Science and Technology Education Should Be Critically Reworked as Moral and Ethical Praxis -- Partialities and Possibilities -- References -- Part I: Constituting Theories -- Preamble -- Chapter 2: The Elephant in the Room: Science Education, Neoliberalism and Resistance -- Opening -- Foucault´s Neoliberalism -- Occupy Wall Street: The Incessancy of Resistance -- Science Education, Neoliberalism and Activism/Resistance -- Not an Ending but a Beginning -- References -- Chapter 3: Science Education as a Site for Biopolitical Engagement and the Reworking of Subjectivities: Theoretical Considerat... -- A Context for Science Education -- Biopolitics and Biopower -- The ``Making of Subjects´´ -- Biopolitics and Subjectivities in Science Education -- Racisms, Colonialisms and the Power to Make Die -- Neoliberal Subjectivity -- Sex/Gender and Sexuality -- The ``Ethical Subject´´ in Science Education -- The Biosubject of Biotechnology -- Biopolitics as a Path Forward -- References -- Chapter 4: A Critical Pedagogy for STEM Education -- Introduction -- Global Capitalism -- STEM and Activism in Education -- STEM Education, Research and Practice -- A Critical Pedagogy for STEM Education -- Community and Revolution. , Theoretical Freestyle -- Analytical Freestyle in Science Education -- Closing Remarks -- References -- Chapter 5: Becoming Part of the Solution: Learning about Activism, Learning through Activism, Learning from Activism -- Making the Case for an Action-Oriented Science Curriculum -- Building a Curriculum: Learning About the Issues -- Building a Curriculum: Learning to Care -- Engaging Emotions, Managing Emotions -- Building a Curriculum: Learning to Act -- Learning about, through and from Action -- Apprenticeship in Activism -- Further Considerations -- References -- Chapter 6: From Promoting the Techno-sciences to Activism - A Variety of Objectives Involved in the Teaching of SSIs -- Variation in Educational Objectives -- The Implications of the Educational Choices on SSIs -- Institutional Activism in Agricultural Education in France -- Scientific, Humanistic and Political Education -- References -- Chapter 7: Hopeful Practices: Activating and Enacting the Pedagogical and Political Potential in Crisis -- Science, Technology, and Society Education (STSE) -- Understanding and Learning from Crisis -- Learning from and Through Crisis: Opportunities -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Using Collaborative Inquiry to Better Understand Teaching and Learning -- Science Curricula as a Central Factor in the Reform of Science Education -- Chapter Overview -- Changing Faces of Research and Science Education -- Dealing with Difference in Research on Teaching and Learning -- Participants Doing Research to Understand and Improve Practice -- Listening to and Learning from Others´ Voices -- Learning to Teach from and with Others -- Searching for and Learning from Spikes in the Curve -- Authentic Inquiry as an Overarching Methodology -- Reflections on the Changing Faces of My Research Methodologies -- References. , Chapter 9: From Knowledge to Action? Re-embedding Science Learning Within the Planet´s Web -- Introduction -- Complex Problems and the Role of Science and Technology -- A Critical Role for Science Education -- The Outline of a Science for Sustainability -- Acquiring Consciousness of Limits -- Opening Up Towards Dialogue -- The Thinking of the `Others´ -- Enhancing Life Through Cultural Diversity -- Redefining Science Education? -- From Objective and Objectifying Knowledge to a Science of Relationships -- Dealing with Conflict -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Education for Sustainable Contraction as Appropriate Response to Global Heating -- The Heating Is Happening -- Denial and Cognitive Dissonance in Response to Global Heating -- Denial and Cognitive Dissonance in the Field of Education for Sustainable Development -- Education for Sustainable Contraction (ESC): Nailing Nine Propositions to the Laboratory Door -- References -- Chapter 11: Learning to Let Go of Sustainability -- Introduction -- Sustainability as Restoring -- The Paradox of Sustainable Development -- To Hold onto, or to Let Go? -- Sustainability as Returning -- Romanticizing the Return? -- Resisting the Return -- Complicating the Return -- Learning to Let Go of Sustainability -- Letting Go of Sustainability -- Remembering Forward as a Different Way of Being in the World -- Coda: The Glass Jar -- References -- Part II: The Public Sphere -- Preamble -- Chapter 12: Street Medicine as a Science Education for Activists -- Know Your Street Medics -- States of Emergency: Where Only Street Medics Dare to Tread -- Street Medicine and the State of Exception -- Street Medicine Is Education -- The Street and the School -- References -- Chapter 13: Why Science Education Mediates the Way We Eat -- Introduction -- Neoliberalism in Science Education, In Brief. , A Pocket of Resistance-Local and Organic Food -- Organic Farmers´ Market Culture -- A Responsibly Nurtured Organic Place -- Local Knowledge -- Interdisciplinary Knowledge -- Change and Adaptability -- Embodied Change and Positionality -- Environmental Condition -- A Market Creates a Relationship with Food -- A Critique of Neoliberalism -- Implications for School Science -- References -- Chapter 14: From-Within-the-Event: A Post-constructivist Perspective on Activism, Ethics, and Science Education -- Environmental Activism at Work -- Transforming the Practices in One Municipality -- Science Education as/for Participation in the Community -- The Morality of Community-Based Activism: Is It Something to Feel Good About? -- From Activism to the Eventness of Events -- Activism -- From-Within-the-Event or the Eventness of Events -- Activism and Ethics -- Classically Understood -- From-Within-the-Event -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15: #OccupyTech -- The Rise of Internetworked Social Movements -- Prefigurative Politics and Technology -- Hacking the Technical Code -- The Repertoire of Electronic Contention -- OccupyTech -- Disruptive Technologies: Building Tools for Revolution -- Communications -- From Technology to Technique: Prefiguring Change -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: Trajectories of Socioscientific Issues in News Media: Looking into the Future -- Introduction -- The ``Black Box´´ of News Media -- The Media and Presentations of Science -- Influence of Media -- Manipulations of the Media -- Commercial Interests of the Media -- The Competency and Practices of Journalists -- Prelude to a News Story -- The J-School Experience: Insights into Media Practices Reporting Science -- Modifiers and ``Verbs of Saying´´ -- Being the ``Instant Expert´´ -- The Reducibility of Complex Relationships -- Production of a News Story. , Demonstrating the Need for Science Journalist Experts in News Media -- Connections Between the SMCC Anecdote and the Radio Workshop -- Copy Story Modification -- Analysis of Copy Story Modifications -- The Media Making Sense of Science: A Case Study of Two Publications -- Conclusions and Implications About Science in the News Media -- Implications for Understanding Science from the News Media -- Looking at the Preparation of Journalists -- Implications of Using News Media in the Classroom for Studying Socioscientific Issues -- References -- Chapter 17: The Perils, Politics, and Promises of Activist Science -- Introduction -- The Perils of Activist Science -- Historical Lessons from Ecology -- A View from the Front Lines -- All Science Is Political, but Politics Are Complicated -- Activism and Power -- References -- Chapter 18: Passive No More -- Introduction -- Awakening Dissonance -- Activism for Inaction, a Complacency That Will Kill and Destroy -- Growing Up on an Overheated Planet -- The Neoliberal Activist Attack on Climate Science and the Environment -- Disclosing Power, the Courtiers to Climate Disaster -- Reinventing Participatory Democracy -- Developing a Skeptical Way of Reading the Media -- Whose Long-Term Interests Are Being Served? -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 19: Joining Up and Scaling Up: Analyzing Resistance to Canada´s ``Dirty Oil´´ -- Activism Against the Oilsands -- Aboriginal Activism -- Environmental Activism -- Religiously-Based Activism -- Labour Activism -- Growing the Movement (Horizontally and Vertically) -- Joining Up: Creating Coalitions Among Unlikely Allies -- Scaling Up: Crossing Borders -- Building Cross-Organizational, Cross-Border Consensus -- Assessing the Movement´s Strengths and Challenges -- Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Elementary and Secondary Education -- Preamble. , Chapter 20: We Got Involved and We Got to Fix It!: Action-Oriented School Science.

Note: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Section I Single Use Plastics -- Chapter 1 Scientometric Analysis of Microplastics across the Globe -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Materials and Methods -- 1.3 Results and Discussion -- 1.3.1 Trends in Scientific Production and Citations -- 1.3.2 Top Funding Agencies -- 1.3.3 Top 10 Global Affiliations -- 1.3.4 Top Countries -- 1.3.5 Top 10 Databases and Journals -- 1.3.6 Top 10 Published Articles -- 1.3.7 Top 10 Author Keywords and Research Areas -- 1.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2 Microplastic Pollution in the Polar Oceans - A Review -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Plastics -- 2.1.2 Plastic Pollution -- 2.1.3 Microplastics -- 2.1.4 Importance of Microplastic Pollution in the Polar Oceans -- 2.2 Polar Regions -- 2.2.1 General -- 2.2.2 Sea Ice -- 2.2.3 Water -- 2.2.4 Sediments -- 2.2.5 Biota -- 2.3 Future Perspectives -- 2.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3 Microplastics - Global Scenario -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Environmental Issues of Plastic Waste -- 3.3 Coprocessing of Plastic Waste in Cement Kilns -- 3.3.1 Cost of Plants to Convert Plastic Waste to Refused-Derived Fuel (RDF) -- 3.4 Disposal of Plastic Waste Through Plasma Pyrolysis Technology (PPT) -- 3.4.1 Merits of PPT -- 3.5 Constraints on the Use of Plastic Waste Disposal Technologies -- 3.6 Alternate to Conventional Petro-based Plastic Carry Bags and Films -- 3.7 Improving Waste Management -- 3.7.1 Phasing Out Microplastics -- 3.7.2 Promoting Research into Alternatives -- 3.7.3 Actions and Resolutions -- References -- Chapter 4 The Single-Use Plastic Pandemic in the COVID-19 Era -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Materials and Methods -- 4.2.1 Data Sources -- 4.2.2 Estimation of the General population's Daily Use of Face Masks. , 4.2.3 Estimation of the Daily Amount of Medical Waste in Hospitals -- 4.3 Trends in Production and Consumption of SUPs during the Pandemic -- 4.3.1 Personal Protective Equipment -- 4.3.2 Packaging SUPs -- 4.3.2.1 Trends in Plastic Waste Generation, Management, and Environmental Fate during the COVID-19 Era -- 4.4 SUP Waste from the Pandemic -- 4.4.1 Environmental Impacts from SUP Waste -- 4.4.2 Management of SUP Waste -- 4.5 Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- Section II Microplastics in the Aerosphere -- Chapter 5 Atmospheric Microplastic Transport -- 5.1 The Phenomenon of Microplastic Transport -- 5.2 Factors Affecting Microplastic Transport -- 5.2.1 Types of MPs -- 5.2.2 Characteristics and Sources of Microplastics Emitters -- 5.2.3 Meteorological Conditions -- 5.2.4 Altitude and Surface Roughness -- 5.2.5 Microplastic Deposition Processes in the Ocean -- 5.2.6 Microplastics Deposition Processes in the Air -- 5.3 Microplastic Transport Modelling -- 5.3.1 Eulerian Method -- 5.3.2 Lagrangian Method -- References -- Chapter 6 Microplastics in the Atmosphere and Their Human and Eco Risks -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Microplastics in the Atmosphere -- 6.2.1 Size, Shapes, and Colours -- 6.2.2 Chemical Composition -- 6.2.3 Sources of Microplastics -- 6.2.4 Spatial Distribution and Rate of Deposition -- 6.2.5 Effects of Climatic Conditions on MP Distribution -- 6.2.6 Transport Pathways -- 6.2.7 Pollutants Associated with MPs -- 6.3 Impact of Microplastics on Human Health and the Eco Risk -- 6.3.1 Impact on Human Health -- 6.3.2 Eco Risk -- 6.4 Strategies to Minimise Atmospheric MPs through Future Research -- 6.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 7 Sampling and Detection of Microplastics in the Atmosphere -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Classification -- 7.3 Sampling Microplastics -- 7.3.1 Sampling Airborne Microplastics. , 7.3.2 Sediment -- 7.3.3 Water -- 7.3.4 Biota -- 7.4 Sample Preparation -- 7.5 Detection and Characterisation of MPs in the Atmosphere -- 7.5.1 Microscopic Techniques for Detecting MPs -- 7.5.1.1 Stereomicroscopy -- 7.5.1.2 Fluorescence Microscopy -- 7.5.1.3 Polarised Optical Microscopy (POM) -- 7.5.1.4 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) -- 7.5.1.5 Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) -- 7.5.1.6 Hot Needle Technique -- 7.5.1.7 Digital Holography -- 7.5.2 Spectroscopic Techniques for Analysing MPs -- 7.5.2.1 Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy -- 7.5.2.2 Raman Spectroscopy -- 7.5.3 Thermal Analysis -- 7.5.3.1 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) -- 7.5.3.2 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) -- 7.5.3.3 Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Pyr-GC-MS) -- 7.6 Conclusion -- Funding -- References -- Chapter 8 Sources and Circulation of Microplastics in the Aerosphere - Atmospheric Transport of Microplastics -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.1.1 Occurrence and Abundance of Atmospheric MP -- 8.1.2 Plastic Polymers and Their Properties -- 8.1.3 Sources and Pathways of MPs in the Atmosphere -- 8.2 Temporal and Spatial Trends in MP Accumulation -- 8.2.1 Roadside MPs -- 8.2.2 Agricultural Fields and Soil -- 8.2.3 Wastewater and Sludge -- 8.2.4 Ocean/Marine Debris -- 8.3 Formation of MPs -- 8.3.1 Physical Weathering -- 8.3.2 Chemical Weathering -- 8.3.3 Biodegradation -- 8.3.4 Photo-thermal Oxidation -- 8.3.5 Thermal Degradation -- 8.4 Atmospheric Circulation, Transport, Suspension, and Deposition -- 8.4.1 Wet Deposition -- 8.4.2 Dry Deposition -- 8.4.3 Urban Dust -- 8.4.4 Suspended Atmospheric MPs -- 8.5 Atmospheric Chemistry of MPs -- 8.6 Predicting MP Dispersion and Transport -- 8.7 Eco-Environmental Impacts -- 8.7.1 Impacts on Human and Wildlife Health -- 8.7.2 Impacts on the Climate -- 8.8 Future Perspectives -- References. , Section III Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment -- Chapter 9 Interaction of Chemical Contaminants with Microplastics -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Interactions -- 9.3 Mechanisms -- 9.3.1 Interactions between Organic Contaminants and Microplastics -- 9.3.2 Interactions between Heavy Metals and Microplastics -- 9.3.3 Kinetics of the Sorption Process -- 9.3.4 Pseudo-First-Order Model -- 9.3.5 Pseudo-Second-Order Model -- 9.3.6 Intraparticle Diffusion Model -- 9.3.7 Film Diffusion Model -- 9.3.8 Isotherm Models -- 9.3.9 Langmuir Model -- 9.3.10 Freundlich Model -- 9.4 Environmental Burden of Microplastics -- 9.5 Future Approaches -- References -- Chapter 10 Microplastics in Freshwater Environments -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Microplastics in Rivers and Tributaries -- 10.3 Microplastics in Lakes -- 10.4 Microplastics in Groundwater Sources -- 10.5 Microplastics in Glaciers and Ice Caps -- 10.6 Microplastics in Deltas -- 10.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 11 Microplastics in Landfill Leachate: Flow and Transport -- 11.1 Plastics and Microplastics -- 11.2 Microplastics in Landfill Leachate -- 11.3 Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 12 Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment - Effects on Ocean Carbon Sequestration and Sustenance of Marine Life -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Microplastics in the Aquatic Environment -- 12.2.1 Major Sources -- 12.2.2 Chemical Nature and Distribution Processes -- 12.2.2.1 Chemical Nature -- 12.2.2.2 Distribution Processes -- 12.3 Microplastics and Ocean Carbon Sequestration -- 12.3.1 Ocean Carbon Sequestration -- 12.3.2 Effect of Microplastics on Ocean Carbon Sequestration -- 12.3.2.1 Effect on Phytoplankton Photosynthesis and Growth -- 12.3.2.2 Effect on Zooplankton Development and Reproduction -- 12.3.2.3 Effect on the Marine Biological Pump -- 12.4 Microplastics and Marine Fauna. , 12.4.1 Effects on Corals -- 12.4.2 Effects on Fisheries and Aquaculture -- 12.4.2.1 Shrimp -- 12.4.2.2 Oysters and Mussels -- 12.4.2.3 Fish -- 12.4.3 Effects on Sea Turtles and Sea Birds -- 12.4.4 Effects on Marine Mammals -- 12.5 Microplastic Pollution, Climate Change, and Antibiotic Resistance - A Unique Trio -- 12.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section IV Microplastics in Soil Systems -- Chapter 13 Entry of Microplastics into Agroecosystems: A Serious Threat to Food Security and Human Health -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Sources of Microplastics in Agroecosystems -- 13.2.1 Plastic Mulching -- 13.2.2 Plastic Use in Modern Agriculture -- 13.2.3 Application of Sewage Sludge/Biosolids -- 13.2.4 Compost and Fertilizers -- 13.2.5 Wastewater Irrigation -- 13.2.6 Landfill Sites -- 13.2.7 Atmospheric Deposition -- 13.2.8 Miscellaneous Sources -- 13.3 Implications of Microplastic Contamination on Agroecosystems -- 13.3.1 Implications for Soil Character -- 13.3.2 Implications for Crop Plants and Food Security -- 13.4 Human Health Risks -- 13.5 Knowledge Gaps -- 13.6 Conclusion and Future Recommendations -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 14 Migration of Microplastic-Bound Contaminants to Soil and Their Effects -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Microplastics as Sorbing Materials for Hazardous Chemicals -- 14.3 Types of Microplastic-Bound Contaminants in Soils -- 14.3.1 Heavy Metals and Metalloids - Inorganic Contaminants Adsorbed to MPs -- 14.3.2 Persistent Organic Pollutants, Pharmaceuticals, Antibiotics, Pesticides, and Other Organic Contaminants Adsorbed to MPs -- 14.4 Effects of Exposure and Co-exposure in Soil - Consequences of Contaminant Sorption for MP Toxicity and Bioaccumulation -- 14.5 Microplastic-Bound Contaminants in Soils as Potential Threats to Human Health -- 14.6 Conclusions -- References. , Chapter 15 Plastic Mulch-Derived Microplastics in Agricultural Soil Systems.

Note: The International Climate Regimeand its Driving-Forces: Obstacles and Chances on the Way to a Global Response to the Problem of Climate Change -- Table of content -- Table of figures -- Appendixes -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Scientific and economical consequences of anthropogenic climate change -- 2.1. The natural and anthropogenic greenhouse effect -- 2.1.1. The IPCC and its 4th Assessment Report -- 2.1.2. The Stern Review and the economics of climate change -- 3. The regime theory -- 3.1. Three schools of thought within the theory of international regime -- 3.1.1. The interest-based approach -- 3.1.1.1. Two-level games -- 3.1.2. The power-based approach -- 3.1.3. The knowledge-based approach -- 3.2. Application of the three approaches to the issue area of climate change -- 4. The issue area of climate change current climate regime -- 4.1. The current climate change regime -- 4.1.1. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change -- 4.1.2. The Kyoto-Protocol -- 4.1.2.1. The exit of the USA from the Kyoto Protocol -- 4.1.2.2. Basic weaknesses of the Kyoto Protocol -- 4.1.3. The Bali roadmap -- 4.2. Priorities of the main actors -- 4.2.1. The United States of America -- 4.2.1.1. Obama's New Climate Policy -- 4.2.2. China -- 4.2.2.1. China's plead for consumption-based inventories -- 4.3. International negotiations for a post-2012 agreement in Copenhagen and Cancún -- 5. Analysis of the driving-forces of the climate regime -- 5.1. The effectiveness and robustness of regimes -- 5.2. The driving-forces of the international climate regime and its consequences for the effectiveness of the regime -- 5.2.1. Analysis of the current climate regime -- 5.2.2. Analysis of the negotiations for a post-2012 agreement -- 5.2.3. Outlook regarding the regime's potential future driving-forces -- 5.2.3.1. A shift in Obama's political priority setting. , 5.2.3.2. Developments at the state level in the US -- 5.3. Conclusion -- References -- Monographs -- Scientific papers in omnibus volumes -- Articles in refereed journals -- Scientific publications -- Newspaper and magazine articles -- Internet sources (chronological after usage in the text) -- Appendixes -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- Appendix 3 -- Appendix 4 -- Appendix 5 -- Appendix 6 -- Appendix 7 -- Appendix 8 -- Appendix 9 -- Appendix 10 -- Appendix 11 -- Appendix 12.