Beschreibung: The innovative software system "myEcoCost" enables to gather and communicate resource and environmental data for products and services in global value chains. The system has been developed in the consortium of the European research project myEcoCost and forms a basis of a new, highly automated environmental accounting system für companies and consumers. The prototype of the system, linked to financial accounting of companies, was developed and tested in close collaboration with large and small companies. This brochure gives a brief introduction to the vision linked to myEcoCost: a network formed by collaborative environmental accounting nodes collecting environmental data at each step in a product's value chains. It shows why better life cycle data are needed and how myEcoCost addresses and solves this problem. Furthermore, it presents options for a future upscaling of highly automated environmenal accounting for prodcuts and services.

Beschreibung: Over the years Shell has produced a number of scenario studies on key energy issues. These have included studies on important energy consumption sectors such as passenger cars and commercial vehicles (lorries and buses) and the supply of energy and heat to private households, as well as studies on the state of and prospects for individual energy sources and fuels, including biofuels, natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas. Shell has been involved in hydrogen production as well as in research, development and application for decades, with a dedicated business unit, Shell Hydrogen. Now, in cooperation with the Wuppertal Institute in Germany, Shell has conducted a study on hydrogen as a future energy source. The study looks at the current state of hydrogen supply path- ways and hydrogen application technologies and explores the potential and prospects for hydrogen as an energy source in the global energy system of tomorrow. The study focuses on the use of hydrogen in road transport and specifically in fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), but it also examines non-automotive resp. stationary applications.

Beschreibung: This study conducted by Wuppertal Institute and Germanwatch explores how the social pillar of sustainability at the local level could be met in Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) projects. For this purpose, the authors evaluate the livelihood dimension of CSP technology based on a case study conducted on the 160 MW pilot CSP plant Nooro I in Ouarzazate, Morocco.

Beschreibung: The CO2 utilisation is discussed as one of the future low-carbon technologies in order to accomplish a full decarbonisation in the energy intensive industry. CO2 is separated from the flue gas stream of power plants or industrial plants and is prepared for further processing as raw material. CO2 containing gas streams from industrial processes exhibit a higher concentration of CO2 than flue gases from power plants; consequentially, industrial CO2 sources are used as raw material for the chemical industry and for the synthesis of fuel on the output side. Additionally, fossil resources can be replaced by substitutes of reused CO2 on the input side. If set up in a right way, this step into a CO2-based circular flow economy could make a contribution to the decarbonisation of the industrial sector and according to the adjusted potential, even rudimentarily to the energy sector. In this study, the authors analyse potential CO2 sources, the potential demand and the range of applications of CO2. In the last chapter of the final report, they give recommendations for research, development, politics and economics for an appropriate future designing of CO2 utilisation options based upon their previous analysis.

Beschreibung: On behalf of the Port of Rotterdam Authority, the Wuppertal Institute developed three possible pathways for a decarbonised port of Rotterdam until 2050. The port area is home to about 80 per cent of the Netherlands' petrochemical industry and significant power plant capacities. Consequently, the port of Rotterdam has the potential of being an international leader for the global energy transition, playing an important role when it comes to reducing CO2 emissions in order to deliver on the EU's long-term climate goals. The three decarbonisation scenarios all built on the increasing use of renewables (wind and solar power) and the adoption of the best available technologies (efficiency). The analysis focuses on power plants, refineries and the chemical industry, which together are responsible for more than 90 per cent of the port area's current CO2 emissions. The decarbonisation scenarios describe how CO2 emissions could be reduced by 75 to 98 per cent in 2050 (compared to 2015). Depending on the scenario, different mitigation strategies are relied upon, including electrification, closure of carbon cycles or carbon capture and storage (CCS). The study includes recommendations for local companies, the Port Authority as well as policy makers. In addition, the study includes a reference scenario, which makes it clear that a "business as usual" mentality will fall well short of contributing adequately to the EU's long-term climate goals.

Beschreibung: Energy efficiency improvements have numerous benefits/impacts additional to energy and greenhouse gas savings, as has been shown and analysed e.g. in the 2014 IEA Report on "Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency". This paper presents the Horizon 2020-project COMBI ("Calculating and Operationalising the Multiple Benefits of Energy Efficiency in Europe"), aiming at calculating the energy and non-energy impacts that a realisation of the EU energy efficiency potential would have in 2030. The project covers the most relevant technical energy efficiency improvement actions and estimates impacts of reduced air pollution (and its effects on human health, eco-systems/crops, buildings), improved social welfare (incl. disposable income, comfort, health, productivity), saved biotic and abiotic resources, and energy system, energy security, and the macroeconomy (employment, economic growth and public budget). This paper explains how the COMBI energy savings potential in the EU 2030 is being modelled and how multiple impacts are assessed. We outline main challenges with the quantification (choice of baseline scenario, additionality of savings and impacts, context dependency and distributional issues) as well as with the aggregation of impacts (e.g. interactions and overlaps) and how the project deals with them. As research is still ongoing, this paper only gives a first impression of the order of magnitude for additional multiple impacts of energy efficiency improvements may have in Europe, where this is available to date. The paper is intended to stimulate discussion and receive feedback from the academic community on quantification approaches followed by the project.

Beschreibung: The book shows that the implementation of a sustainable energy strategy in Iran provides the opportunity for further economic and social development. In this context, the aim of the book is to provide some of the analyses needed to rethink the country’s energy strategy and to grasp the chances. The authors hope to make a contribution to the emerging and rapidly growing discussion on better energy alternatives and the respective opportunities for investment, innovation and modernization. The work presented in the book should provide ideas for such opportunities and create a vision of how this could contribute towards developing a more sustainable, efficient and prosperous future energy system for Iran. The book is based on long-term academic cooperation between Iranian researchers from several universities and the Iranian Energy Association and German researchers from the Wuppertal Institute, Büro Ö-quadrat and the University of Osnabrück. The book in hand is an important result of the collaboration. So its publication lends itself to taking stock of these twelve years of continued cooperation.

Beschreibung: This handbook was developed in the context of a joint project of the Wuppertal Institute and the Centre for Social Investment (CSI) called the System Innovation Lab. It combined sustainability transformation research insights with those of social innovation in order to design an on-the-job training and coaching that would enable participants to take a systemic approach to innovation and test what this means in their respective work settings. Focussing on the topic of sustainable energy futures in Europe it addressed young European leaders in government, the private sector and civil society working on energy issues and combined latest theoretical insights with novel innovation and leadership methods to spread the capacity and courage that transforming entire sectors requires.

Beschreibung: Wasserstoff ist ein Element, das viel Beachtung erhält: Es gilt als Basis einer nachhaltigen Energiezukunft. Allerdings ist Wasserstoff nicht allein, er konkurriert mit anderen Energien und ihren Nutzungstechnologien. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob Wasserstoff im globalen Energiesystem der Zukunft eine tragende Rolle spielen kann bzw. wird. Shell ist schon seit Jahrzehnten in der Wasserstoff-Forschung und -Entwicklung aktiv. In Zusammenarbeit mit dem Wuppertal Institut hat Shell jetzt eine Energieträger-Studie erstellt, die sich mit dem aktuellen Stand und den langfristigen Perspektiven der Wasserstoffnutzung, insbesondere für Energie- und Verkehrszwecke, befasst. Die Shell Wasserstoff-Studie diskutiert zunächst natürliche Vorkommen, Eigenschaften sowie historische Sichtweisen des Elements Wasserstoff. Anschließend werden aktuelle sowie künftige Verfahren und Ausgangsstoffe zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff untersucht; dabei werden die Herstellungspfade in puncto Energieaufwand, Treibhausgasemissionen sowie Bereitstellungskosten miteinander verglichen. Weiterhin werden Fragen der Wasserstofflogistik untersucht. Dazu gehören zum einen heutige und künftige Speichermethoden, zum anderen die verschiedenen Transportoptionen und ihre jeweiligen Vorzüge einschließlich Fragen der Transportökonomie. Es folgt eine Darstellung der unterschiedlichen Nutzungsmöglichkeiten von Wasserstoff. Unterschieden wird zwischen stofflichen und energetischen Nutzungen. Die Analyse der energetischen Wasserstoffnutzung fokussiert auf die Brennstoffzelle - und nicht auf Wärmekraftprozesse. Auf der Anwenderseite werden energetische stationäre Anwendungen für die Back-up-Stromerzeugung sowie die Hausenergieversorgung - und diese einschließlich Wirtschaftlichkeit - untersucht. Den Schwerpunkt der Studie bilden (auto)mobile Wasserstoffanwendungen. Hierfür werden zunächst technologischer Stand und Perspektiven mobiler Anwendungen - von der Raumfahrt über Material Handling bis hin zum Pkw - erörtert. Anschließend wird die Wirtschaftlichkeit von wasserstoff-betriebenen Brennstoffzellen-Pkw (FCEV) mit Hilfe eines vereinfachten Autokosten-Vergleichs analysiert. Es schließt sich eine Diskussion des Aufbaus einer Wasserstoff-Tankstelleninfrastruktur für den Straßenverkehr an. Abschließend werden in Anlehnung an das ambitionierte 2DS-Wasserstoffszenario der Internationalen Energieagentur mögliche Auswirkungen von Brennstoffzellen-Pkw auf Kraftstoffverbrauch und Treibhausgasemissionen in ausgewählten Regionen bis 2050 diskutiert.