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  • Articles  (447)
  • 2015-2019  (447)
  • 2017  (447)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (447)
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  • Articles  (447)
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  • 2015-2019  (447)
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  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (447)
  • Physics  (447)
  • 1
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    Nanocluster size dependence of electronic properties of Ta, Mo, Co, and Ni thin films formed by magnetron sputtering (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-31
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): O.S. Vasilyev, T.I. Kozlova, P.V. Borisyuk, Yu.Yu. Lebedinskii The results of the study of electron properties evolution with nanocluster size of monodispersed thin films consisting of Ta, Mo, Co and Ni metal nanoclusters deposited onto the SiO 2 /Si(001) surface with magnetron sputtering method are presented. The changes in chemical composition and electron structure of the samples were controlled by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in the UHV analysis chamber of the Multiprobe MXPS RM VT AFM-25 surface analysis system. Susceptibility to oxidation after exposure to atmosphere was studied.
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 2
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    Synthesis of flower-like PANI/g-C3N4 nanocomposite as supercapacitor electrode (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-31
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): Shi-Xiang Zhou, Xue-Yu Tao, Jie Ma, Li-Tong Guo, Ya-Bo Zhu, He-Liang Fan, Zhang-Sheng Liu, Xian-Yong Wei By in-situ oxidative polymerization method, a novel flower-like polyaniline/graphitic carbon nitride (PANI/g-C 3 N 4 ) nanocomposite was successfully synthesized. In comparison with single PANI, PANI/g-C 3 N 4 displayed enhanced electrochemical performance which had a specific capacitance of 584.3 F g −1 and 81.91% of capacitance retention after 1000 cycles at 1 A g −1 . This work demonstrated a simple strategy of improving the specific capacitance and cycling stability of polymer electrodes and may be extended to other similar systems.
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 3
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    Air-annealed growth and characterization of Cd1-xZnxTe thin films grown from CdTe/ZnTe/CdTe multi-stacks (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-31
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): Monisha Chakraborty, Sugata Bhattacharyya CdTe/ZnTe/CdTe thin film layers were vacuum-evaporated on glass-slides and annealed in box-furnace in the air. The samples were annealed at different temperatures of 350 °C , 400 °C and 450 °C , respectively. At each temperature, three sets of samples were annealed for one, two and 3 h, respectively. The films showed good inter-diffusion and high crystallinity even at a lower temperature of 350 °C . The 111(C) and 220(C) Cd 1-x Zn x Te planes showed an increasing left-hand shift in the 2θ axes, along with increasing annealing time and temperature. This trend is attributed to strain relaxation with increased annealing. Cd 1-x Zn x Te particle-size showed a sigmoid growth along with increasing temperature and time, while strain, dislocation-density, and the number of crystallites per unit area showed a sigmoid decay curve. At lower temperature, samples showed reduced bandgap due to charged defects and impurities like free Tellurium. At higher temperature bandgap increased, because of wire-like formation of TeO 2 and their probable substitutional incorporation into Cd 1-x Zn x Te lattice sites. The TeO 2 gradually formed into clusters. EDX results were finally co-related with the optical, structural and morphological results.
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 4
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    Modeling of the effect of field electron emission from the cathode with a thin insulating film on its emission efficiency in gas discharge plasma (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-28
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): G.G. Bondarenko, V.I. Kristya, D.O. Savichkin A model of field electron emission from the metal cathode with a thin insulating film under the strong electric field, generated in the film by ions bombarding its surface in gas discharge, is developed. It takes into account tunneling of electrons from the electrode metal substrate into the insulating film, their motion in the film and going out of it into the discharge volume. An analytical solution of the one-dimensional kinetic equation for the energy distribution function of emitted electrons in the film conduction band is found and an expression for the film emission efficiency equal to the fraction of emitted electrons, which escapes from the film and increases the cathode effective secondary electron emission yield, is obtained. It is demonstrated that calculated dependence of the emission efficiency on the electric field strength in the aluminum oxide film is in an agreement with experimental data for metal-insulator-metal tunneling cathodes. The proposed model can be used for investigation of an influence of the field electron emission from the cathode with a thin insulating film on its emission characteristics in gas discharge devices.
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 5
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    On excited particle formation in crossed Е×Н fields (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-28
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): I.A. Afanasіeva, V.V. Bobkov, V.V. Gritsyna, Yu.E. Logachev, I.I. Okseniuk, A.A. Skrypnyk, D.I. Shevchenko The radiation from the ionization zone of a magnetron discharge in crossed E × H fields was analyzed. The processes of formation of the excited particles of cathode substance (Cu) and buffer gas (Ar) in the discharge plasma were considered. The possibility to use the magnetron discharge for elemental express analysis is suggested. Graphical abstract
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 6
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    Use of a solid carbon precursor for DC plasma nitrocarburizing of AISI 4140 steel (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-28
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): Anke Dalke, Igor Burlacov, Heinz-Joachim Spies, Horst Biermann A new surface treatment concept of solid carbon source plasma nitrocarburizing (SCS-PNC) was proposed. Carbon fiber carbon composite (CFC) was used as a solid carbon precursor for conventional DC plasma nitriding process in a nitrogen-hydrogen plasma. The effect of plasma power on the phase composition of the compound layer on AISI 4140 steel was investigated. The results of the SCS-PNC process were compared to conventional DC plasma nitriding (PN) and plasma nitrocarburizing (PNC) using methane as carbon-bearing gas. The SCS-PNC process provides increasing carbon concentration within the compound layer with increasing plasma power density. In the compound layer a constant carbon content of 1.5 wt.-% C was obtained for high plasma power densities and the ε-carbonitride Fe 2-3 (C,N) x formation was significantly promoted reducing the porous seam zone. Moreover, precipitation of unwanted cementite Fe 3 C in the compound layer was effectively suppressed for SCS-PNC compared to treatment by PNC with methane addition.
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 7
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    Surface modification of 5CrMnMo steel with continuous scanning electron beam process (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-28
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): Deqiang Wei, Xiaobing Wang, Rong Wang, Hongyang Cui Surface modification is an important component of improving mechanical properties in mold manufacturing. In this work we present a method for surface modification on 5CrMnMo mold steel with continuous scanning electron beam. The surface morphology and microstructure of the processed samples have been investigated by the three-dimensional measuring laser microscope and scanning electron microscope respectively. The changes in the surface roughness, microhardness and wear resistance before and after electron beam treatment were also examined. The variation regularity of surface roughness and microhardness under the changes of beam current was found. Comparing with the initial samples, at a beam current of 7 mA, the roughness decreased from 2.23 μm to 0.90 μm, while the hardness increased from 355 HV to 656 HV. The wear resistance of modified layer was improved remarkably compared with the initial state. Additionally, the composite microstructure of acicular and lath martensites were obtained by the martensitic transformation occurring in the modified layer. The samples which were irradiated by electron beam contained three areas as follows: melted layer, heated affected zone and substrate matrix.
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  • 8
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    Remarkable hydrogen storage on Sc2B42+ cluster: A computational study (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-28
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): Chen Guo, Chong Wang The structural features, stability and hydrogen storage capacity of Sc 2 B 4 2+ have been explored using density functional theory method. The former two low-lying isomers Sc 2 B 4 2+ 01 and Sc 2 B 4 2+ 02 can adsorb 14 and 12 hydrogen molecules respectively with respective H 2 gravimetric uptake capacity of 17.49 and 15.37 wt %. Moreover, the Sc 2 B 4 2+ 01 and Sc 2 B 4 2+ 02 clusters are confirmed to be favorable for reversible adsorption and desorption of H 2 molecules under ambient conditions, because the average adsorption energies of Sc 2 B 4 2+ 01 (nH 2 ) and Sc 2 B 4 2+ 02 (nH 2 ) are in the range of −0.42 to −0.27eV/H 2 . The kinetic stability of H 2 adsorbed on Sc 2 B 4 2+ 01 and Sc 2 B 4 2+ 02 clusters are researched by gap between highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). The gap values of Sc 2 B 4 2+ 01 and Sc 2 B 4 2+ 01 (14H 2 ) are 2.47 and 2.88 eV, which manifests the Sc 2 B 4 2+ 01 will be more stable after 14H 2 adsorbed. Most importantly, the results of hydrogen adsorption energies with Gibbs free energy correction point that 14H 2 on Sc 2 B 4 2+ 01 and 12H 2 on Sc 2 B 4 2+ 02 are energetically favorable below 163.92 K and 174.86 K, respectively.
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  • 9
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    The structure - phase state and microhardness of the surface layer of the VT1-0 titanium alloys treated by copper ions (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-28
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): M.V. Fedorischeva, M.P. Kalashnikov, A.V. Nikonenko, I.A. Bozhko, V.P. Sergeev The phase composition, the structure and the morphology of the surface of the VT1-0 titanium modified by copper ions with an energy of ∼0.5 … 2.5 keV and an ion current density of ∼2 … 20 mA/cm 2 have been investigated by X-ray, SEM and TEM. It has been established that there are the intermetallic phases of the Cu-Ti equilibrium diagram in the surface layer during the treatment of the VT-10 titanium by copper ions. The modified surface layer in the cross section is divided into two layers up to 1 μm and from 1 μm up to 4.5–5.0 μm in thickness depending on the treatment time. Two-level micro and nanoporous nanocrystalline structure is formed in modified layer. It has been found that the phase structure and the morphology of the surface layers of the VT1-0 alloys depend on the treatment time.
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  • 10
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    Physico-mechanical properties of Ti-Zr coatings fabricated via ion-assisted arc-plasma deposition (2017)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-28
    Description: Publication date: March 2018 Source: Vacuum, Volume 149 Author(s): A.A. Ivanova, M.A. Surmeneva, V.V. Shugurov, N.N. Koval, I.A. Shulepov, R.A. Surmenev In this study, Ti-Zr coatings were fabricated by ion-assisted arc-plasma deposition in vacuum. The phase composition, morphology and mechanical properties of the developed thin films were studied. The addition of Zr into Ti resulted in the formation of α’- (Ti,Zr) and α”- (Ti,Zr) solid solutions and mechanical properties change of the prepared alloys. It was revealed that the increase of Zr content in the coating resulted in the increase of nanohardness. The deposited coatings possess reduced modulus of elasticity 77–98 GPa, which is significantly improved compared with Ti substrate, which reveals a modulus of elasticity of 110 GPa. Furthermore, nanoindentation results demonstrate significant improvement of the elastic strain to failure and plastic deformation resistance of the Ti-Zr coatings with the increase of the content of Zr from 11 wt % to 22 wt%. Thus, it is likely that Ti-Zr coatings obtained by ion-assisted arc-plasma deposition possess a high biomedical potential due to synergetic combination of biocompatibility and biomechanical properties.
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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