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  • Articles  (352)
  • 2015-2019  (352)
  • 2010-2014
  • 2016  (352)
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  • Articles  (352)
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  • 2015-2019  (352)
  • 2010-2014
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  • 1
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    Corrosion resistance of NiTi shape memory alloy after hybrid surface treatment using low-temperature plasma (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-25
    Description: Publication date: March 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 137 Author(s): Justyna Witkowska, Janusz Kamiński, Tomasz Płociński, Michał Tarnowski, Tadeusz Wierzchoń This article presents a study of the structure, surface roughness and corrosion resistance of composite layers consisting of a layer of Ti(ON) titanium oxynitride with a surface zone of amorphous carbon modified with nitrogen and hydrogen. They were produced on NiTi alloy in a hybrid process combining oxidation in low-temperature plasma and Radio Frequency Chemical Vapor Deposition process (RFCVD). Ti(ON)+a-CNH type composite layers can be produced in temperatures below 300 °C, i.e. in conditions ensuring that the specific properties of NiTi alloys, namely shape memory and superelasticity, are maintained. They provide a significant increase in corrosion resistance and may be produced on specimens having complex shapes, which is of great importance in the case of possible application as medical implants.
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 2
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    Processes in insulating gas induced by electrical breakdown responsible for commercial gas-filled surge arresters delay response (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-25
    Description: Publication date: March 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 137 Author(s): Milic Pejovic, Koviljka Stankovic, Irfan Fetahovic, Momcilo Pejovic Examination of electrical breakdown time delay t d as a function of relaxation time τ and analyzing of processes in insulating gas responsible for delay response of commercial gas-filled surge arresters (GFSA) manufactured by CITEL, SIEMENS and EPCOS was performed. It was shown that positive ions remained from previous breakdown and discharge, as well as positive ions formed in post discharge have a dominant role in breakdown initiation up to τ ≈ 1.5 s . In this case delay response is determined only by formative time in insulating gas. In insulating gas of GFSA manufactured by CITEL in the 1.5 s 〈 τ 〈 3.10 3 s interval the dominant role in breakdown initiation is due to long living electrically neutral active particles and delay response is determined by statistical time delay. The irradiation of these devices with low doses of gamma rays leads to decrease in delay response down to the values which correspond to formative time in insulating gas. Presented results show that full relaxation of processes in insulating gas after breakdown and discharge ceases for GFSAs manufactured by SIEMENS and EPCOS occur for τ ≈ 200 ms , while for GFSAs manufactured by CITEL such relaxation occurs for about 3.10 3 s .
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 3
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    A study on the thermal cyclic behavior of thermal barrier coatings with different MCrAlY roughness (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-24
    Description: Publication date: March 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 137 Author(s): Kang Yuan, Yueguang Yu, Jian-Feng Wen Thermal cycling behavior of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) with different MCrAlY (M for Ni and Co) interface roughness was studied under two thermal cycling simulation conditions, namely thermal shock with short heating time and high cooling rate, and thermal-ageing fatigue with long heating time but low cooling rate. MCrAlY powders with various sizes were used to obtain different bond coat interface roughness for the TBCs. The MCrAlY bond coat (BC) was sprayed by HVOF, APS, or the combination of them, and the top coats (TCs) with different thickness (300 or 1000 μm) were made. It was found that while the coarser MCrAlY powder gave higher BC roughness, the APS spraying provided more micro-roughness. The increased BC roughness was found to improve the thermal cycling resistance of the TBCs under both testing conditions. The failure mechanism of the TBCs with various MCrAlY roughness was investigated by analyzing microstructures and via finite-elemental modeling.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 4
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    Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of hexagonal boron nitride on (001) sapphire substrates for thermal neutron detector applications (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-24
    Description: Publication date: March 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 137 Author(s): K. Ahmed, R. Dahal, A. Weltz, James J.-Q. Lu, Y. Danon, I.B. Bhat This paper reports on the growth and characterization of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and its use for solid-state thermal neutron detection. The hBN epilayers were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire substrates at a temperature of 1350 °C. X-ray diffraction peak from the (002) hBN plane at a 2θ angle of 26.7° exhibited the c-lattice constant of 6.66 Å for these films. A strong peak corresponding to the high frequency Raman active mode of hBN was found for the films at 1370.5 cm -1 hBN-based solid-state neutron detectors were fabricated and tested with a metal-semiconductor-metal configuration with an electrode spacing of 1 mm and hBN thickness of 2.5 μm. Fabricated detectors showed strong response to deep UV light as well. An intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiency of 0.86% was measured, which is close to the theoretically expected efficiency of 0.87%. These results demonstrate that epitaxial hBN films are promising for thermal neutron detection applications.
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 5
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    Role of surface finish on interface grain boundary migration in vacuum diffusion bonding (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-23
    Description: Publication date: March 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 137 Author(s): Chao Zhang, Hong Li, Miaoquan Li The objective of this study was to get insight into the role of surface finish on interface grain boundary migration during vacuum diffusion bonding of stainless steel. The results showed that two types of interface grain boundary migration were observed. One was interface grain boundary migration at triple junction; and another was strain induced interface grain boundary migration. Surface finish had an obvious influence on the behavior of interface grain boundary migration. For smoother surface interface grain boundary migration mainly occurred at the triple junctions, while for rougher surface a larger number of strain induced interface grain boundary was produced. The mechanism analysis revealed that the higher surface asperities on the rougher surfaces suffered the load and deform seriously, readily leading to the inhomogeneous local deformation on opposite sides of the interface grain boundary as well as the difference in stored energies accumulated, thereby producing more strain induced interface grain boundary migration. Additionally, the shear strength of joint was consistent with the interface grain boundary migration ratio, and the higher interface grain boundary migration ratio resulted in a higher shear strength of joint.
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 6
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    Effect of atmospheric-pressure air/He plasma on the surface properties related to ink-jet printing polyester fabric (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-23
    Description: Publication date: March 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 137 Author(s): Chunming Zhang, Meihua Zhao, Libing Wang, Miao Yu Pigment inkjet printing shows more environmental advantages and can potentially enable cost-effective short-run for production. However, patterns directly printed with pigment inks have poor color yields and easily bleed. In the present study, polyester fabrics were surface modified with atmospheric-pressure air/He plasma. The effect of plasma treatment on various fabric properties such as the surface morphology, chemical compositions, surface energy and dynamic contact angles was investigated. Color strength and edge definition were used to evaluate the ink-jet printing performance of samples. The changing of the surface fixation of pigments on polyester fibers was also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Atomic force microscope(AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses indicated the increase in surface roughness and the oxygen-containing polar groups reinforced the fixation of pigments on the fiber surface. This work explores a novel approach for the atmospheric-pressure plasma, which can provide its important application in enhancing the surface properties and ink-jet printing performance of fabrics.
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 7
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    Editorial Board & Publication Information (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-23
    Description: Publication date: February 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 136
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 8
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    Accurate propagation velocity measurement of laser supported detonation waves (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-23
    Description: Publication date: February 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 136 Author(s): Kohei Matsui, Toru Shimano, Joseph Ampadu Ofosu, Kimiya Komurasaki, Tony Schoenherr, Hiroyuki Koizumi One dimensional experimental data of a Laser Supported Detonation (LSD) wave is necessary for validation of the LSD propagation model. In this study, a LSD was driven in a pulsed CO 2 laser beam whose equivalent diameter was 7.2 mm, which was sufficient to neglect lateral enthalpy dissipation in comparison with laser energy input. In order to evaluate this relation, an identical LSD wave propagation velocity was obtained with and without lateral flow confinement by a solid wall. In addition, accurate prediction of the LSD propagation velocities were obtained. These were same in a beam of 5.1 mm diameter while it was about twice as high as in a beam of 1.2 mm diameter. In the high laser intensity region, the LSD propagation velocity was higher than that of Chapman-Jouguet condition.
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-2715
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 9
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    Effect of lithium-ion doping concentration on structural and optical properties of NiO films fabricated by magnetron sputtering (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-23
    Description: Publication date: March 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 137 Author(s): Yang Zhao, Hui Wang, Xiaoyang Gong, Jingge Wang, Hehe Li, Miaomiao Tang, Xinzhong Li In the present work, we report the dependence of lithium-ion (Li + ) doping concentration on structure, optical and electrical properties of NiO films fabricated by radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering. It was found that the NiO grains were increased with increase in lithium-ion concentration from an anomalous state to a cubic shape following the NaCl-type structure. The NiO films presented highly c-axis preferred orientation with significant (111) diffraction. The samples marked A-C under the lithium-ion concentration of 1 at.%, 3 at.%, and 5 at.% respectively have optical band gap values of 3.72 eV, 3.61 eV and 3.47 eV, respectively. Comparatively, the controllable electrical properties of NiO films can be achieved by the variations of crystal quality arise from the lithium-ion doping concentration.
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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  • 10
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    Microstructure and phase evolution of the metastable β-type 51Zr-40Ti-4.5Al-4.5V alloy (2016)
    Elsevier
    In: Vacuum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-23
    Description: Publication date: March 2017 Source: Vacuum, Volume 137 Author(s): Jing Ran The effect of heat treatment on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of the 51Zr-40Ti-4.5Al-4.5V (wt.%) was evaluated in the present work. The alloy was re-melted thrice by electromagnetic induction, homogenized, beta-processed, and then solubilized at different temperatures for 60 min. X-ray diffraction, optical microscopic, SEM, TEM and mechanical testing are performed to evaluated the phase compositions, microstructure and mechanical properties of the specimens under different solubilized regions. The calculated Ms of the 51Zr-40Ti-4.5Al-4.5V alloy is 700 K. The phases of as-received specimen mainly consist of α/α′, α″ martensite and β phase. After solubilization and quenching processing, the phase content of specimens changed. The α/α′ and α″ phase decomposed and transformed into β phase. At 973 and 1023 K, recrystallization occurred and the “double-yielding” was present at this case. The optimal mechanical properties was obtained at 1023 K, with approximately σ b  = 1127 MPa and ε = 14.26%.
    Print ISSN: 0042-207X
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    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
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