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  • 2010-2014  (106)
  • 2013  (106)
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  • 2010-2014  (106)
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  • 1
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    Dependence of the migration ability of plutonium and americium in soils on additions of natural and modified organic compounds (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: The nature and content of modified humic acid derivatives influence the intensity of the recovery of Pu, Am, and C org from soddy podzolic soil with distilled water. Under the dynamic conditions, these radionuclides are recovered more intensely in the presence of carboxylated humic acids, compared to the hydroxymethylated derivatives. When soils with the introduced modified humic acid derivatives are subjected to prolonged washing with distilled water, the radionuclides undergo redistribution within the columns, suggesting their migration. Under the action of dissolved organic substances isolated from soils (low-molecular-weight nonspecific organic compounds and fulvic acids), the radionuclide migration in soils occurs still more intensely. In the course of soil column washing with an aqueous phase containing the dissolved organic matter, Pu and Am pass into the mobile state to a greater extent than in washing the soils with distilled water.
    Print ISSN: 1066-3622
    Electronic ISSN: 1608-3288
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 2
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    Radioiodination of pindolol as a β-adrenergic receptor using different oxidizing agents (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: A simple, fast, and efficient method was developed for preparing radioiodinated 125 I-pindolol ( 125 IPIN) using different oxidizing agents. 125 I-PIN was prepared by the reaction between Na 125 I and pindolol using iodogen, Chloramine-T, N -bromosuccinamide, or H 2 O 2 as an oxidizing agent at pH 7. The reaction proceeds well within 30 min at room temperature (20–25°C). The radiochemical yield was determined by TLC using chloroform-acetic acid-water (15: 4: 1) as developing solvent and by HPLC using reversed-phase RP18 column and acetonitrile-0.1 M ammonium bicarbonate (pH 7.5) (1: 1) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL min −1 . The radiochemical yield with the above oxidants was found to be 85, 93, 96.5, and 97.5%, respectively, with the radiochemical purity of 125 I-PIN over 99.9%.
    Print ISSN: 1066-3622
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 3
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    Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of a pyrochlore-based ceramic for immobilization of long-lived high-level waste (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: A Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 -based ceramic of pyrochlore-type structure as a host material for immobilization of actinide-containing HLW was prepared by SHS compaction. Up to 25 at. % Zr was introduced into the pyrochlore structure instead of Ti to enhance the chemical and radiation resistance. The ceramic matrices exhibit low porosity, good water resistance, and high mechanical strength. The study was performed with simulated HLW.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 4
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    Labeling of omeprazole with technetium-99 m for diagnosis of stomach (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: Omeprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, was labeled with 99 m Tc to obtain 99 m Tc-omeprazole in ∼96% yield in basic media. The optimum conditions were as follows: pH 9, 50 μg of SnCl 2 ·2H 2 O, 30 min, and 3 mg of the substrate. 99 m Tc-omeprazole was stable for 6 h. Intravenous biodistribution of 99 m Tc-omeprazole showed that it concentrated in the stomach ulcer to reach about 22% of the total injected dose at 1 h post injection. This concentration of 99 m Tc-omeprazole in stomach ulcer may be sufficient for ulcer imaging.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 5
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    Adsorption and kinetic performance of Cs + , Co 2+ , and Ce 4+ radionuclides on zirconium vanadate as a cation exchanger (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: Amorphous zirconium vanadate samples with different molar ratios have been prepared under optimum conditions. The experimental parameters such as the order of mixing and mixing ratios were established. The ion-exchange powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and differential thermal analysis. The materials are thermally and chemically stable. The sorption behavior of Cs + , Co 2+ , and Ce 4+ radionuclides was studied at varied values of Zr: V molar ratio, pH, and temperature. The thermodynamic equilibrium constants and the values of Δ G 0 , Δ H 0 , and Δ S 0 for the exchange of Cs + , Co 2+ and Ce 4+ radionuclides at Zr: V = 1: 6 were calculated from the exchange isotherms. At Zr: V = 1: 6, the capability of the material to sorb Cs + , Co 2+ , and Ce 4+ ions is the highest. The process kinetics can be descirbed by first- or second-order equations.
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    Electronic ISSN: 1608-3288
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 6
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    Radioactive contamination of water of the Degelen mountain massif (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: The transfer of artificial radionuclides with underground water streams from the nuclear explosion sites in the Degelen area of the former Semipalatinsk test site was studied. Radioecological studies were performed and observation stations were set up on the main water streams. New data were obtained on the levels of radioactive contamination of underground waters within the Degelen mountain massif. Conclusions on the character of migration of artificial radionuclides with underground water streams were made, and the possible evolution of the radioecological situation in the region of the Degelen mountain massif was predicted.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 7
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    Radiochemical and biological characterization of 99 m Tc-piracetam for brain imaging (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: Experiments on piracetam labeling with 99 m Tc were performed. The radiochemical yield of 97% was obtained under the optimum conditions: pH 6, SnCl 2 ·2H 2 O as reducing agent, room temperature, 30 min. In vivo biodistribution studies showed that the initial brain uptake correlated fairly well with the brain binding affinity of the compound. The brain uptake of 99 m Tc-piracetam was as high as 6, 12.3, 5.3, and 3.3% per gram tissue at 5, 30, 60, and 120 min post injection, respectively. 99 m Tc-piracetam shows promise in radioreceptor assays of neuroleptic drug levels and, in the labeled form, for brain imaging.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 8
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    Preparation, quality control, and biodistribution of 99 m Tc-rufloxacin complex as a model for detecting sites of infection (2013)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: With the aim of the development of a new radiopharmaceutical for infection imaging, able to differentiate between septic and aseptic inflammations, 99 m Tc-rufloxacin was obtained. Its radiochemical yield reaches 93.4 ± 3% under optimum conditions (addition of 99 m TcO 4 — to a solution containing 50 mg of rufloxacin and 50 μg of SnCl 2 ·2H 2 O at pH 6). 99 m Tc-rufloxacin biodistribution studies in Albino mice bearing septic and aseptic inflammation models showed that 99 m Tc-rufloxacin is able to differentiate between septic and aseptic inflammations.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 9
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    Study of the conditions for ibuprofen labeling with 125 I to prepare an inflammation imaging agent (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: A procedure was developed for radioiodination of ibuprofen with 125 I via an electrophilic substitution reaction. With the aim to optimize the labeling conditions and obtain a high radiochemical yield of 125 I-ibuprofen ( 125 I-Ibup), the effect exerted on the process by the reaction conditions (ibuprofen concentration, pH, reaction time, temperature, oxidizing agent) was studied. With 3.7 MBq of Na 125 I, 100 μg of ibuprofen as substrate and 100 μg of iodogen as oxidizing agent, with the reaction performed in ethanol at 60°C for 10 min, the maximum radiochemical yield of 125 I-Ibup (78%) was obtained. The labeled compound was separated and purified to remove inactive ibuprofen by HPLC. The biological distribution in normal and inflamed mice shows that radioiodinated ibuprofen is suitable for imaging of inflammation only induced with turpentine oil.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 10
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    Efficiency of locally prepared activated carbon in the preconcentration of barium-133 and radium-226 radionuclides in single and binary systems (2013)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2013-12-19
    Description: Sawdust (SD) was used as precursor of locally prepared activated carbon with phosphoric acid (PA) chemical activation. The surface area of the product obtained (SDPA) was determined by the BET method to be 1254 m 2 g −1 . SDPA was used for preconcentration of 133 Ba and 226 Ra in single and binary systems. The influence of the shaking time, adsorbent dose, and pH on the adsorption was studied in batch experiments. The adsorption is strongly dependent on pH of the medium; the adsorption capacity reaches a maximum at pH 3.4. The process is initially fast, and the maximum adsorption is attained within 4 h of contact. The adsorption follows pseudo-second-order law. In the binary system, the two radionuclides affect each other in the adsorption process, and the prepared SDPA can be used for the separation of these radionuclides.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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