Inhibition of Apoptosis and NF-κB Activation by Vaccinia Protein N1 Occur via Distinct Binding Surfaces and Make Different Contributions to Virulence
Figure 6
Mitochondrial targeting of N1 abolishes its anti-apoptotic function.
(A) Addition of the mitochondrial-targeting C-terminus domain from Bcl-w into N1 to generate N1-w. (B) Immunoblot showing the expression levels of WT N1 and N1-w in transfected cells. (C) Confocal images showing localisation of N1, N1-w and Bcl-w after transfection into HeLa cells incubated with Mitotracker Red and stained with anti-N1 and FITC-conjugated anti-rabbit antibody. (D) Mitochondrial dysfunction measurement in cells transfected with N1, N1-w and Bcl-w after treatment with staurosporine (black bars) or mock-treated (white bars). Data are means ± SD with statistical analysis (Student's t-test; **P<0.005; ***P<0.0005).