Abstract
The distributional data of mammalian fauna are important to reach a comprehensive overview of biogeographic patterns and to highlight regional conservation status, especially in a poorly known region such as the Chiquitano dry forest in western Brazil. Our aims were to survey the mammal species occurring in the Urucum Mountains, located in the southeast end of the Chiquitano forest, compare its species composition to areas elsewhere in different ecoregions, and discuss their conservation statuses. Small mammals were sampled using pitfall and live traps, and medium and large mammals were sampled by direct observation, indirect evidence (e.g. faeces and tracks), and camera traps. Patterns of species composition were compared to other surrounding areas of different ecoregions in South America using multivariate analyses. The results indicated that both faunas have similar biogeographical influences. The Urucum Mountains have an influence on the faunas from the Cerrado, Chaco and Pantanal ecoregions, and only secondarily from forested ecoregions (e.g. Amazon forest). The Urucum harbours a rich non-volant mammalian fauna with species that are widely and restrictedly distributed. The conservation of Urucum Mountains is important because these mountains harbour threatened plant, invertebrate, and vertebrate (mammals) species, which could be suffering due to the mining activity carried out in the region. We stress that the Chiquitano dry forest is unique to western Brazil, situated in a complex biogeographical region, and harbouring a rich and diversified mammal fauna.
Acknowledgments
We thank Dimitrius A. C. Cavalcante, Paulo Landgref-Filho, Vania Foster and Valquiria Figueiredo for field assistance. This manuscript is the result of an extensive series of environmental projects. Therefore, we thank the companies: GBio, EcoGuias, Vale do Rio Doce and MMX. The captures were made with the collection licences IBAMA no 020014.00047/2008-13. Nilton Cáceres thanks CNPq (Brazilian Agency for Research) for logistic support (process number 473407-2008-6); he is a CNPq-research fellow in Ecology.
Appendix
Appendix 1: Voucher of small mammals collected in the Urucum Mountains, Mato Grosso do Sul state, southwestern Brazil.
Cryptonanus chacoensis: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♀, 15.XII.01, V.L. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-267).
Marmosa (Micoureus) constantiae: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 17.IX.01, V.L. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-656).
Marmosops ocellatus: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 16.VI.10, G.L. Melo, J. Sponchiado and N.C. Cáceres cols. (UFSM-605).
Monodelphis domestica: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Albuquerque district), ♂, 08.XI.09, N.C. Cáceres et al. cols. (UFSM-559).
Monodelphis kunsi: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 26.III.02, V.L. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-265).
Calomys callosus: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 20.IX.03, V.F. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-165).
Euryoryzomys nitidus: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 16.XII.01, V.F. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-261).
Holochilus chacarius: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♀, 17.XII.01, V.F. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-266).
Necromys lasiurus: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 28.II.02, V.F. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-264).
Oecomys bicolor: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♀, 27.II.02, V.F. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-273).
Oecomys mamorae: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 14.XII.01, V.F. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-620).
Oecomys paricola: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 13.XII.01, V.F. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-621).
Oligoryzomys chacoensis: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♂, 20.IX.03, V.F. Ferreira et al. cols. (UFSM-174).
Oligoryzomys nigripes: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Urucum Mountain), ♀, 14.VI.10, G.L. Melo, J. Sponchiado and N.C. Cáceres cols. (UFSM-604).
Proechimys longicaudatus: BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul: Corumbá (Santa Cruz Mountain), ♀, 30.V.04, L.Z. Prates, C.S. Goulart and N.C Cáceres cols. (UFSM-259).
Appendix 2: List of the decimal coordinate (latitude/longitude) of 29 and 23 study sites used in the similarity analyses for small and large mammals, respectively. Localities are listed by South American countries or Brazilian states. References of each sampling site are given after each geographical coordinates.
Atlantic forest.1. Rio Casca, Ipanema, Caratinga and Rio Doce State Park 18°–20°S 41°43°W, Minas Gerais (Brazil) – Fonseca and Robinson (1990); 2. Poço das Antas Biological Reserve 22°30′S 42°15′W, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) – Castro and Fernandez (2004); 3. Parque Municipal Lagoa do Peri 27°43′S 48°32′W, Santa Catarina (Brazil) – Graipel et al. (2006); 4. Parque Estadual Invervales 24°12′S 48°03′W and Serra da Paranapicaba 24°25′S 48°30′W, São Paulo (Brazil) – Vieira and Monteiro-Filho (2003); 5. Serra da Bocaina National Park 22°40′–23°20′S 44°24′–44°54′W, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) – Delciellos et al. (2012); 6. Uma Biological Reserve 15°10′S 39°07′W, Bahia (Brazil) – Pardini (2004); 7. Parque Estadual do Turvo 27°00′–27°20′S 53°40′–54°10′W, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) – Melo et al. (2011); 30. Atlantic forest reserve 18°12′–19°48′S 39°50′–40°15′W), Espirito Santo (Brazil) – Chiarello (1999); 31. Reserva Ecológica do Caraguatá 27°25′S 48°51′W and Parque Estadual da Serra do Tabuleiro 27°51S 48°38′W, Santa Catarina (Brazil) – Goulart et al. 2009; 32.Delciellos et al. (2012); 33. RPPN Estação Veracel 16°18′S–16°24′S 39°06′40°00′W, Bahia (Brazil) – Falcão et al. (2012).
Amazon.8. Peixe-Boi 01°11′S 47°19″W, Paragominas 02°59′–03°39′S 47°25–48°33′W, Santa Bárbara 01°13′S 48°17′W, Pará (Brazil) – Stone et al. (2009); 9. Kayapó Indigenous Area 7°46′S 51°57′W, Pará (Brazil) – Lambert et al. (2005); 10. Jauru and Cabaçal rivers 15°15′–15°43′S 58°56′–58°00′W, Mato Grosso (Brazil) – Santos-Filho et al. (2012); 11. Research near Manaus 03°07S 60°01′W, Manaus (Brazil) – Malcolm (1991); 12. Provincia de Pachitea 9°37′S 74°56′W, Departamento Ucayali (Peru) – Hutterer et al. (1995); 34. Carajás National Forest 05°52′–06°33′S 49°53′–50°45′W, Pará (Brazil) – Carvalho et al. (2014); 35. Humaitá Forest Reserve 9°43′–9°48′S 67°33′–67°48′W, Acre (Brazil) – Botelho et al. (2012); 36. Maracá Ecological Station 3°15′–3°35′S 61°22′61°58′W, Roraima (Brazil) – Mendes Pontes (2004). 37.Stone et al. (2009); 38. Base Operacional Geólogo Pedro de Moura 04°53′S 65°20′W, Amazonas (Brazil) – Santos and Mendes-Oliveira (2012); 39.Hutterer et al. (1995).
Cerrado.13. Dois Irmãos do Buriti and Terenos municipalities 20°30′S 55°18′W, Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) – Cáceres et al. (2010); 14. Emas National Park 18°15′S 52°53′W, Goiás (Brazil) – Rodrigues et al. (2002); 15. Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park 14°08′S 47°39′W, Goiás (Brazil) – Bonvicino et al. (2005); 16. Ponte Branca 16°39′S 52°47′W, Mato Grosso and Baliza 16°24′S 52°27′W, Goiás (Brazil) – Bonvicino et al. (1996); 17. Bodoquena Mountains 21°05′–20°50′S 57°29′–56°37′W, Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) – Cáceres et al. (2007a); 28. Chapada Diamantina 12°38–13°02′S 41°23′–41°18′W, Bahia (Brazil) – Pereira and Geise (2009); 29. Chapada dos Guimarães 15°27′S 55°45′W, Mato Grosso (Brazil) – Lacher Jr and Alho (2001); 40.Cáceres et al. (2010); 41.Rodrigues et al. (2002); 42. Três Rios farm 16°56′S 46°16′W, Minas Gerais (Brazil) – Lessa et al. (2012); 43. Jatobá farm 13°40′S 45°35′W, Bahia (Brazil) – Bocchiglieri et al. (2010); 44.Cáceres et al. (2007a); 45. Estação Ecológica Serra das Araras 15°27–15°48′S 57°03′–57°19′W, Mato Grosso (Brazil) – Santos-Filho and Silva (2002); 51.Pereira and Geise (2009).
Pantanal.18. São Sebastião do Borba farm 16°40′S 56°28′W, Mato Grosso (Brazil) – Layme et al. (2012); 19. Rio Negro farm 19°48′–19°57′S 56°19′56°26′W, Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) – Andreazzi et al. (2011); 20. Nossa Senhora do Livramento 16°14′S 56°22′, Mato Grosso (Brazil) – Aragona and Marinho-Filho (2009); 46. Santa Emília farm 19°30′S 55°36′W, Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) – Trolle (2003); 47.Instituto de Pesquisa do Pantanal 18°30′S 55°18′W, Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) – Mamede and Alho (2006); 48. Descalvados farm 16°43′S 57°44′W and Taiamã Ecological Station 16°50′S 57°35′W, Mato Grosso (Brazil) – Lázari et al. (2013).
Pampa.21. Taim Ecological Station 32°32′S 52°32′W, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) – Sponchiado et al. (2012); 23.Parque Nacional Lihué Calel 37°53′S 65°33′W, La Pampa-Province (Argentina) – Teta et al. (2009); 24. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria 29°42′S 53°42′W, Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil) – Santos et al. (2008); 25. La Poligonal 37°21′S 59°07′W, Buenos Aires-Province (Argentina) – Velasco et al. (2013); 49.Santos et al. (2008).
Chaco.22.Fortin Toledo 22°53′S 58°33′W and Filadelfia 22°19′S 60°01′W, Boquerón (Paraguay), Cruce Los Pioneros 22°59′S 59°12′W, Pres. Hayes (Paraguay) – Yahnke (2006).
Chiquitano dry forest.52. Serra do Amolar 18°18′S 57°30′W and Engenheiro Eliezer Batista Natural Heritage Reserve 18°05′S 57°28′W, Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil) – Porfirio et al. (2014).
Caatinga.26. Curaçá 8°59′S 39°54′W, Bahia (Brazil) – Freitas et al. (2005); 27. A review study – Mares et al. (1985); 50.Mares et al. (1985).
References
Ab’Saber, A.N. 1977. Os domínios morfoclimáticos na América do Sul: primeira aproximação. Geomorfologia 52: 1–23.Search in Google Scholar
Andreazzi, C.S., V. Rademaker, R. Gentile, H.M Herrera, A.M. Jansen and P.S. D’Andrea. 2011. Population ecology of small rodents and marsupials in a semi-deciduous tropical forest of the southeast Pantanal, Brazil. Zoologia 28: 762–770.10.1590/S1984-46702011000600009Search in Google Scholar
Aragona, M. and J. Marinho-Filho. 2009. História natural e biologia reprodutiva de marsupiais no Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Zoologia 26: 220–230.10.1590/S1984-46702009000200004Search in Google Scholar
Bocchiglieri, A., A.F. Mendonça and P.B. Henrique. 2010. Composição e diversidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte no Cerrado do Brasil Central. Biota Neotrop. 10: 169–176.10.1590/S1676-06032010000300019Search in Google Scholar
Bonvicino, C.R., R. Cerqueira and V.A. Soares. 1996. Habitat use by small mammals of Upper Araguaia River. Rev. Bras. Biol. 56: 761–767.Search in Google Scholar
Bonvicino, C.R., B. Lemos and M. Weksler. 2005. Small mammals of Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park (Cerrado of Central Brazil): ecologic, karyologic, and taxonomic considerations. Braz. J. Biol. 65: 395–406.10.1590/S1519-69842005000300004Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Bonvicino, C.R., J.A. Oliveira and P.S. D’Andrea. 2008. Guia de roedores do Brasil, com chaves para gêneros baseadas em caracteres externos. Centro Pan-Americano de Febre Aftosa, Rio de Janeiro. pp. 120.Search in Google Scholar
Botelho, A.L.M., A.M. Calouro, L.H.M. Borges and W.A. Chaves. 2012. Large and medium-size mammals of the Humaitá Forest Reserve, southwestern Amazonia, state Acre, Brazil. Check List 8: 1190–1195.10.15560/8.6.1190Search in Google Scholar
Cáceres, N.C. and V. Seidel. 2010. Espaços para a preservação da vida: apesar de numerosas, Unidades de Conservação, em escala planetária, não tem área suficiente para cumprir o papel que se espera delas. Scient. Amer. 8: 74–77.Search in Google Scholar
Cáceres, N.C., M.R. Bornschein, W.L. Lopes and A.R. Percequillo. 2007a. Mammals of the Bodoquena Mountains, southwestern Brazil: an ecological and conservation analysis. Rev. Bras. Zool. 24: 426–435.10.1590/S0101-81752007000200021Search in Google Scholar
Cáceres, N.C., V.L. Ferreira and A.P. Carmignotto. 2007b. The occurrence of the mouse opossum Marmosops ocellatus (Marsupialia, Didelphidae) in western Brazil. Mamm. Biol. 72: 45–48.10.1016/j.mambio.2006.04.009Search in Google Scholar
Cáceres, N.C., A.P. Carmignotto, E. Fischer and C.F. Santos. 2008. Mammals from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Check List 4: 321–335.10.15560/4.3.321Search in Google Scholar
Cáceres, N.C., R.P. Nápoli, J. Casella and W. Hannibal. 2010. Mammals in fragmented savannah landscape in south-western Brazil. J. Nat. Hist. 44: 491–512.10.1080/00222930903477768Search in Google Scholar
Cáceres, N.C., M.N. Godoi, W. Hannibal and V.L. Ferreira. 2011. Effects of altitude and vegetation on small-mammal distribution in the Urucum Mountains, western Brazil. J. Trop. Ecol. 27: 279–287.10.1017/S0266467410000854Search in Google Scholar
Carvalho, A.S., F.D. Matins, F.M. Dutra, D. Gettinger, F. Martins-Hatano and H.G. Bergallo. 2014. Large and medium-sized mammals of Carajás National forest, Pará State, Brazil. Check List 10: 1–9.10.15560/10.1.1Search in Google Scholar
Castro, E.B.V. and F.A.S. Fernandez. 2004. Determinants of differential extinction vulnerability of small mammals in Atlantic forest fragments in Brazil. Biol. Conserv. 119: 73–90.10.1016/j.biocon.2003.10.023Search in Google Scholar
Chao, A., R.L. Chazdon, R.K. Colwell and T-J. Shen. 2005. A new statistical approach for assessing similarity of species composition with incidence and abundance data. Ecol. Lett. 8: 148–159.10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00707.xSearch in Google Scholar
Chiarello, A.G. 1999. Effects of fragmentation of the Atlantic forest on mammal communities in south-eastern Brazil. Biol. Conserv. 89: 71–82.10.1016/S0006-3207(98)00130-XSearch in Google Scholar
Costa, L.P. 2003. The historical bridge between the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest of Brazil: a study of molecular phylogeography with small mammals. J. Biogeogr. 30: 71–86.10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00792.xSearch in Google Scholar
Costa, L.P., Y.L.R. Leite, S.L. Mendes and A.D. Ditchfield. 2005. Mammal conservation in Brazil. Conserv. Biol. 19: 672–679.10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00666.xSearch in Google Scholar
Delciellos, A.C., L.M. Novaes, M.F.C. Loguercio, L. Geise, R.T. Santori, R.F. Souza, B.S. Papi, D. Raíces, N.R. Vieira, S. Felix, N. Detogne, C.C.S. Silva, H.G. Bergallo and O. Rocha-Barbosa. 2012. Mammals of Serra da Bocaina National Park, state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Check List 8: 675–692.10.15560/8.4.675Search in Google Scholar
Emmons, L.H. and F. Feer. 1997. Neotropical rainforest mammals: a field guide. 2a ed. The University Chicago Press, Chicago. pp. 396.Search in Google Scholar
Falcão, F.C., D.H.A. Guanaes and A. Paglia. 2012. Medium and large-size mammals of RPPN Estação Veracel, southernmost Bahia, Brazil. Check List 8: 929–934.10.15560/8.5.929Search in Google Scholar
Fonseca, G.A.B. and J.G. Robinson. 1990. Forest size and structure: competitive and predatory effects on small mammal communities. Biol. Conserv. 53: 265–294.10.1016/0006-3207(90)90097-9Search in Google Scholar
Freitas, R.R., P.L.B. Rocha and P.C. Simões-Lopes. 2005. Habitat structure and small mammals abundance in one semiarid landscape in the Brazilian Caatinga. Rev. Bras. Zool. 22: 119–129.10.1590/S0101-81752005000100015Search in Google Scholar
Gardner, A.L. 2008. Mammals of South America: marsupials, xenarthrans, shrews, and bats. vol. 1. University of Chicago Press, Chicago. pp. 690.10.7208/chicago/9780226282428.001.0001Search in Google Scholar
Goulart, F.V.B., N.C. Cáceres, M.E. Graipel, M.A. Tortato, I.R. Ghizoni Jr. and L.G.R. Oliveira-Santos. 2009. Habitat selection by large mammals in a southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Mamm. Biol. 74: 182–190.10.1016/j.mambio.2009.02.006Search in Google Scholar
Graipel, M.E., J.J Cherem, E.L.A. Monteiro-Filho and L. Glock. 2006. Dinâmica populacional de marsupiais e roedores no Parque Municipal da Lagoa do Peri, Ilha de Santa Catarina, Sul do Brasil. Mastozool. Neotrop. 13: 31–49.Search in Google Scholar
Gutiérrez, E., S.A. Jansa and R.S. Voss. 2010. Molecular systematics of mouse opossum (Didelphidae: Marmosa): Assessing species limits using mitochondrial DNA sequences, with comments on phylogenetic relationships and biogeography. Am. Mus. Novit. 3692: 1–22.10.1206/708.1Search in Google Scholar
Hammer, Ø, D.A.T. Haper and P.D. Ryan. 2001. Past: Paleontological statistic software package for education and data analysis. Paleontol. Electr. 4: 4–9.Search in Google Scholar
Harris, M.B., W.M. Tomas, G. Mourão, G.J. Silva, E. Guimarães, F. Sonoda and E. Facchini. 2005. Challenges to safeguard the Pantanal wetlands, Brazil: threats and conservation initiatives. Conserv. Biol. 19: 714–720.10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00708.xSearch in Google Scholar
Hutterer, R., M. Verhaagh, J. Diller and R. Podloucky. 1995. An inventory of mammals observed at Panguana biological Station, Amazon Peru. Ecotropica 1: 3–20.Search in Google Scholar
ICMBio.2014. Lista de espécies ameaçadas. http://www.icmbio.gov.br.Search in Google Scholar
IUCN. 2015. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.3. http://www.iucnredlist.org/.Search in Google Scholar
Lacher Jr, T.E. and C.J.R. Alho. 2001. Terrestrial small mammal richness and habitat associations in an Amazon forest-Cerrado contact zone. Biotropica 33: 171–181.10.1111/j.1744-7429.2001.tb00166.xSearch in Google Scholar
Lambert, T.D., J.R. Malcolm and B.L. Zimmerman. 2005. Variation in small mammal species richness by trap height and trap type in southeastern Amazonia. J. Mammal. 85: 982–990.10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[982:VISMSR]2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar
Layme, V.M.G., L.P. Candelária, A.P.M.P Santos and P.B.A. Silva. 2012. Estrutura da comunidade de pequenos mamíferos não voadores em área de campos nativos do Pantanal de Poconé. Oecol. Austr. 16: 949–957.10.4257/oeco.2012.1604.16Search in Google Scholar
Lázari, P.R., M. Santos-Filho, G.R. Canale and M.E. Graipel. 2013. Flood-mediated use of habitat by large and midsized mammals in the Brazilian Pantanal. Biota Neotrop. 13: 70–75.10.1590/S1676-06032013000200007Search in Google Scholar
Lessa, L.G., H. Alves, L. Geise and R.M.F. Barreto. 2012. Mammals of medium and large size in a fragmented cerrado landscape in northeastern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Check List 8: 192–196.10.15560/8.2.192Search in Google Scholar
Lima Borges, P.A. and W.M. Tomas. 2004. Guia de rastros e outros vestígios de mamíferos do Pantanal. Embrapa Pantanal, Corumbá. pp. 148.Search in Google Scholar
Malcolm, J.R. 1991. Comparative abundances of Neotropical small mammals by trap height. J. Mammal. 72: 188–192.10.2307/1381995Search in Google Scholar
Mamede, S.B. and C.J.R. Alho. 2006. Response of wild mammals to seasonal shrinking-and-expasion of habitat due to flooding regime of the Pantanal, Brazil. Braz. J. Biol. 66: 991–998.10.1590/S1519-69842006000600006Search in Google Scholar
Mares, M.A., M.R. Willig and T.E. Lacher Jr. 1985. The Brazilian Caatinga in South American zoogeography: tropical mammals in a dry region. J. Biogeogr. 12: 57–69.10.2307/2845029Search in Google Scholar
Melo, G.L., J. Sponchiado, A.F. Machado and N.C. Cáceres. 2011. Small-mammal community structure in a South American deciduous Atlantic Forest. Comm. Ecol. 12: 58–66.10.1556/ComEc.12.2011.1.8Search in Google Scholar
Mendes Pontes, A.R. 2004. Ecology of a community of mammals in a seasonally dry forest in Roraima, Brazilian Amazon. Mamm. Biol. 69: 319–336.10.1078/1616-5047-00151Search in Google Scholar
MMA. 1999. Ações prioritárias para a conservação da biodiversidade do Cerrado e Pantanal. Ministério do Meio Ambiente, Brasília. pp. 540.Search in Google Scholar
Myers, P. 1982. Origins and affinities of the mammal fauna of Paraguay. In: (M.A. Mares and H.H. Genoways, eds.) Mammalian biology in South America. University of Pittsburgh, Linesville. pp. 85–93.Search in Google Scholar
Nascimento, F.O. 2010. Revisão taxonômica do gênero Leopardus Gray 1842, (Carnivora, Felidae). Tese (Doutorado em Ciências, Zoologia). Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo. pp. 366.10.11606/T.41.2010.tde-09122010-104050Search in Google Scholar
Olson, D.M, E. Dinerstein, E.D. Wikramanayake, N.D. Burgess, G.V.N. Powell, E. Underwood, J.A. D’amico, I. Itoua, H.E. Strand and J.C. Morrison. 2001. Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on earth. Bioscience 51: 933–938.10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2Search in Google Scholar
Paglia, A.P., G.A.B. Fonseca, A.B. Rylands, G. Herrmann, L.M.S. Aguiar, A.G. Chiarello, Y.L.R. Leite, L.P. Costa, S. Siciliano, M.C.M. Kierulff, S.L. Mendes, V.C. Tavares, R.A. Mittermeier and J.L. Patton. 2012. Annotated checklist of Brazilian mammals. 2a Ed. Occasional Papers in Conservation Biology, Arlington. pp. 76.Search in Google Scholar
Pardini, R. 2004. Effects of forest fragmentation on small mammals in an Atlantic Forest landscape. Biodiv. Conserv. 13: 2567–2586.10.1023/B:BIOC.0000048452.18878.2dSearch in Google Scholar
Pardini, R. and F. Umetsu. 2006. Pequenos mamíferos não-voadores da Reserva Florestal do Morro Grande – distribuição das espécies e da diversidade em uma área de Mata Atlântica. Biota Neotrp. 6: 1–22.10.1590/S1676-06032006000200007Search in Google Scholar
Pereira, L.G. and L. Geise. 2009. Non flying mammals of Chapada Diamantina (Bahia, Brazil). Biota Neotrop. 9: 185–196.10.1590/S1676-06032009000300019Search in Google Scholar
Porfirio, G., P. Sarmento, N.L. Xavier Filho, J. Cruz and C. Fonseca. 2014. Medium and large size mammals of southern Serra do Amolar, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazilian Pantanal. Check List 10: 473–482.10.15560/10.3.473Search in Google Scholar
Pott, A., J.S.V. Silva, S.M. Salis, V.J. Pott and M.P. Silva. 2000. Vegetação e uso da terra. In: (J.S.V. Silva, ed.) Zoneamento ambiental da borda oeste do Pantanal: Maciço do Urucum e adjacências. Embrapa Informação e Tecnologia, Brasília. pp. 111–131.Search in Google Scholar
Pott, A., A.K.M. Oliveira, G.A. Damasceno-Junior and J.S.V. Silva. 2011. Plant diversity of the Pantanal wetland. Braz. J. Biol. 71: 265–273.10.1590/S1519-69842011000200005Search in Google Scholar PubMed
Reis, N.R., A.L. Peracchi, W.A. Pedro and I.P. Lima. 2011. Mamíferos do Brasil. 2a Ed. Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina. pp. 439.Search in Google Scholar
Rodrigues, F.H.G., I.M. Medri, W.M. Tomas and G.M. Mourão. 2002. Revisão do conhecimento sobre ocorrência e distribuição de Mamíferos do Pantanal. Embrapa Pantanal 38: 1–41.Search in Google Scholar
Santos, F.S. and A.C. Mendes-Oliveira. 2012. Diversidade de mamíferos de médio e grande porte da região do rio Urucu, Amazonas, Brasil. Biota Neotrop. 12: 282–291.10.1590/S1676-06032012000300027Search in Google Scholar
Santos, T.G., M.R. Spies, K. Kopp, R. Trevisan and S.Z. Cechin. 2008. Mamíferos do campus da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Biota Neotrop. 8: 125–131.10.1590/S1676-06032008000100015Search in Google Scholar
Santos-Filho, M. and M.N.F. Silva. 2002. Uso de habitats por mamíferos em áreas de Cerrado do Brasil Central: um estudo com armadilhas fotográficas. Rev. Bras. Zoociência. 4: 57–73.Search in Google Scholar
Santos-Filho, M, F. Frieiro-Costa, Á.R.A. Ignácio and M.N.F. Silva. 2012. Use of habitat by non-volant small mammals in Cerrado in Central Brazil. Braz. J. Biol. 72: 893–902.10.1590/S1519-69842012000500016Search in Google Scholar
Smith, P. 2009. Fauna Paraguay Handbook of the Mammals of Paraguay, Vol. 1, Marsupialia. Accessed online at http://www.faunaparaguay.com.Search in Google Scholar
Sponchiado, J., G.L. Melo and N.C. Cáceres. 2012. Habitat selection by small mammals in Brazilian Pampas biome. J. Nat. Hist. 46: 1321–1335.10.1080/00222933.2012.655796Search in Google Scholar
Stone, A.I., E.M. Lima, G.F.S. Aguiar, C.C. Camargo, T.A. Flores, D.A. Kelt, S.A. Marques-Aguiar, J.A.L. Queiroz, R.M. Ramos and J.S. Silva Jr. 2009. Non-volant mammalian diversity in fragments in extreme eastern Amazonia. Biodivers. Conserv. 18: 1685–1694.10.1007/s10531-008-9551-9Search in Google Scholar
Teta, P., J.A. Pereira, N.G. Fracassi, S.B. Bisceglia and S.H. Fortabat. 2009. Micromamíferos (Didelphimorphia y Rodentia) del Parque Nacional Lihué Calel, La Pampa, Argentina. Mastozool. Neotrop. 16: 183–198.Search in Google Scholar
Tomas, W.M., N.C. Cáceres, A.P. Nunes, E. Fischer, G. Mourão and Z. Campos. 2010a. Mammals in the Pantanal wetland, Brazil. In: (W.J. Junk, C.J. da Silva, C. Nunes, D.A. Cunha and K.M. Wantzen, eds.) The Pantanal: ecology, biodiversity and sustainable management of a large neotropical seasonal wetland. Pensoft Publishers, Sofia. pp. 563–595.Search in Google Scholar
Tomas, W.M., I.H. Ishii, C. Strussmann, A.P. Nunes, S.M. Salis, Z. Campos, V.L. Ferreira, M. Bordignon, A.T.M. Barros and D.R.C. Padilha. 2010b. Borda Oeste do Pantanal e Maciço do Urucum em Corumbá, MS: área prioritária para a conservação da biodiversidade. Simpósio sobre Recursos Naturais e Socioeconômico do Pantanal, Corumbá. pp. 6.Search in Google Scholar
Trolle, M. 2003. Mammal survey in the southeastern Pantanal, Brazil. Biodiv. Conserv. 12: 823–836.10.1023/A:1022489426920Search in Google Scholar
Vasconcelos, M.F. and D. Hoffmann. 2006. Os bosques secos Chiquitanos também são nossos! Atual. Ornitol. 130: 10–11.Search in Google Scholar
Velasco, M.A., M.A. Lutz, B. Igor, K.F. Pablo and M.S. López-Santoro. 2013. Mammals of protected area “La Poligonal” and neigborhood areas in Tandilia hills, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Check List 9: 1510–1513.Search in Google Scholar
Veloso, H.P., A.L.R. Rangel Filho and J.C.A. Lima. 1991. Classificação da vegetação brasileira, adaptada a um sistema universal. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro. pp. 124.Search in Google Scholar
Vieira, E.M. and E.L.A. Monteiro-Filho. 2003. Vertical stratification of small mammals in the Atlantic rain forest of south-eastern Brazil. J. Trop. Ecol. 19: 501–507.10.1017/S0266467403003559Search in Google Scholar
WWF. 2006. List of ecoregions. Accessed online at http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/ecoregions/chiquitano_dry_forests.cfm.Search in Google Scholar
Yahnke, C.J. 2006. Habitat use and natural history of small mammals in the central Paraguayan Chaco. Mastozool. Neotrop. 13: 103–116.Search in Google Scholar
©2017 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
