Abstract
We analyze a new type of response function which portrays the properties of a system perturbed by an external field in terms of the perturbed two-point correlations of density fluctuations rather than in terms of perturbed averages of physical quantities. This “response function of the second kind” satisfies both fluctuation-dissipation-like theorems, relating it to three-point equilibrium functions, and hierarchical relationship linking it to conventional quadratic (rather than linear) response functions. In the equal-time limit, when the two density fluctuations are observed at the same time, the response function of the second kind is intimately connected to the two-particle correlation function of kinetic theory. This linkage opens an avenue for developing novel approximation techniques for correlated many-body systems.
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Gu, XY., Kalman, G. & Tao, Z.C. Response function of the second kind in many-body systems. J Stat Phys 70, 887–898 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01053598
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01053598