Citation:

PANGAEA.961631

Name: Elemental mercury in Atlantic surface water during Polarstern cruise ANT-XXV/1
Published: 2023-09-08
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Keywords: Atlantic Ocean; Elemental mercury; Mercury sea-air gas exchange; surface water

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Abstract:

During the Polarstern cruise ANT-XXV/1 in November 2008, surface seawater from below the ship's hull was continuously pumped through a shower head into a 20 L equilibrator bottle and drained at the bottom. Equilibrium between the supplied water and the headspace air (Hg0 equ) was achieved in about 1 h. The equilibrated air was transferred to the TEKRAN 2537A after closing the drain and elemental mercury (Hg0) was preconcentrated by amalgamation on gold traps and finally analyzed by cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The detection limit was 0.1 ng L-1. Wind speed was taken from the Polarstern Meteorological station and surface water salinity and temperature from the thermosalinograph. Hg0 equil. was a duplicate measurement of the headspace and provided at standard reference condition of 0°C by the Tekran instrument. The value was corrected to the in situ temperature and divided by Henry's Law constant at respective sea surface water temperature.

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Ocean; Elemental mercury; Mercury sea-air gas exchange; surface water

Related to:

Kattner, Gerhard; Koch, Boris P (2009): The Expedition of the Research Vessel Polarstern to the Antarctic in 2008 (ANT-XXV/1). Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung = Reports on Polar and Marine Research, 594, 72 pp, https://doi.org/10.2312/BzPM_0594_2009

Kuss, Joachim; Zülicke, Christoph; Pohl, Christa; Schneider, Bernd (2011): Atlantic mercury emission determined from continuous analysis of the elemental mercury sea-air concentration difference within transects between 50°N and 50°S. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 25(3), https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GB003998

References:

Sanemasa, Isao (1975): The Solubility of Elemental Mercury Vapor in Water. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 48(6), 1795-1798, https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.48.1795

Funding:

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bonn (DFG), grant/award no. 58202066 : Marine Quecksilberemissionen: Messungen im Atlantik und Prozesstudien im Labor (QueMar)

Coverage:

Median Latitude: 10.274383 * Median Longitude: -10.387290 * South-bound Latitude: -26.041919 * West-bound Longitude: -20.996015 * North-bound Latitude: 48.319769 * East-bound Longitude: 10.692362

Date/Time Start: 2008-11-04T16:22:14 * Date/Time End: 2008-11-30T12:32:29

Minimum DEPTH, water: 11 m * Maximum DEPTH, water: 11 m

Event(s):

PS73/1_0_Underway-1 * Latitude Start: 48.319800 * Longitude Start: -6.283300 * Latitude End: -26.041900 * Longitude End: 10.692400 * Date/Time Start: 2008-11-04T16:22:14 * Date/Time End: 2008-11-30T12:32:29 * Campaign: (PS73) * Basis: * Method/Device: (TSG) * Comment: event was not logged in DSHIP

PS73/1_0_Underway-2 * Latitude Start: 48.508390 * Longitude Start: -6.149340 * Latitude End: -26.113600 * Longitude End: 10.759990 * Date/Time Start: 2008-11-04T14:37:14 * Date/Time End: 2008-11-30T13:57:29 * Campaign: (PS73) * Basis: * Method/Device: Ship Weather Station (SWEAS) * Comment: event was not logged in DSHIP

PS73/1_0_Underway-3 * Latitude Start: 48.319800 * Longitude Start: -6.283300 * Latitude End: -26.041900 * Longitude End: 10.692400 * Date/Time Start: 2008-11-04T16:22:14 * Date/Time End: 2008-11-30T12:32:29 * Campaign: (PS73) * Basis: * Method/Device: Sea water pump, trace metals (TMPUMP) * Comment: event was not logged in DSHIP

Comment:

Further notes on calculated parameters:

* H surf ocean and H equil: Solubility of elemental mercury according to Sanemasa (1975) at surface ocean temperature or equilibrator temperature in °C by using the fit H-Sanemasa = 0.000000442*T^3 + 0.000068931*T^2 + 0.005360591*T + 0.16096243

* Hg0-equi sea surface (ng m-3), recalculated from the measurement result Hg0 equil. (ng m-3) at 0°C to in situ temperature by accounting for the solubility difference between equilibrator and the surface ocean (H equil./H surf ocean). This was used for the flux calculation.

* Hg0 surf. water (ng m-3): final concentration of elemental mercury in surface water (same as in equilibrator water) in nanogram per cubic metre (Hg0 equil/H-equi)

H-equi refers to the Henry's Law constant at a certain temperature (sea surface, equilibrator).

Parameter(s):

#	Name	Short Name	Unit	Principal Investigator	Method/Device	Comment
1	DATE/TIME	Date/Time		Kuss, Joachim		Geocode
2	LONGITUDE	Longitude		Kuss, Joachim		Geocode
3	LATITUDE	Latitude		Kuss, Joachim		Geocode
4	DEPTH, water	Depth water	m	Kuss, Joachim		Geocode
5	Temperature, water	Temp	°C	Kuss, Joachim	Thermosalinograph (TSG)
6	Salinity	Sal		Kuss, Joachim	Thermosalinograph (TSG)
7	Wind speed	ff	m/s	Kuss, Joachim	Anemometer	altitude 25 m
8	Mercury	Hg	ng/m³	Kuss, Joachim	Mercury vapour analyzer, Tekran, 2537A	Hg0 equil. : duplicate measurement of the headspace and provided at standard reference condition of 0°C
9	Temperature, technical	T tech	°C	Kuss, Joachim		Temp equil.
10	Henry's law constant	H		Kuss, Joachim	Calculated according to Sanemasa (1975)	H surf ocean (Sanemasa)
11	Mercury	Hg	ng/m³	Kuss, Joachim	Calculated	Hg0-equi sea surface: recalculated from the measurement result Hg0 equil. (ng m-3) at 0°C to in situ temperature
12	Mercury	Hg	ng/m³	Kuss, Joachim	Calculated	Hg0 surf. water: final concentration of elemental mercury in surface water

License:

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0)

Status:

Curation Level: Enhanced curation (CurationLevelC)

Size:

3240 data points

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