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Chicken Feather Waste Hydrolysate as a Potential Biofertilizer for Environmental Sustainability in Organic Agriculture Management

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Abstract

The global requirement for food enhances the synthetic fertilizers utilization, mostly for the nitrogen (N) supply in the soil, the most limiting nutrient for plant growth. The key principle of fertilizer is to intensify the plant’s growth and productivity. The soil gets polluted because of the burst discharge of chemical fertilizer and as a result, the soil loses its fertility. Also, water gets polluted because of leaching along with undesirable/harmful consequences on the plant such as a decrease in productivity, root burn, etc. So, it has become important to look for a substitute for synthetic fertilizers. On the other hand, chicken feathers waste in large amounts has been produced by the poultry industry, that requires proper management. Also, the weak recyclability of chicken feathers leads to environmental pollution as a major part of the poultry waste is disposed off in landfills or burnt. Chicken feathers contain approximately 92% keratin is a good source of amino acids, peptides, and minerals. Although it is challenging to utilize them directly as a fertilizer as their recalcitrance results in slow degradation and mineralization of N in the soil. Nevertheless, hydrolysates attained from microbial or enzymatic processing of feathers provide a rich source of peptides, soluble proteins, and amino acids that support microbial growth in the rhizosphere, which encourages the uptake and use of nutrients from the soil. The water holding capacity, soil mineral content, and C/N ratio are also enhanced. Therefore, feathers biomass from animals is a good source of N and might be utilized as biofertilizers in the agroindustry to decrease the extreme utilization of traditional inorganic fertilizers. The characteristics of chicken feather waste hydrolysate show its potential utilization in organic farming, improving the microbiota and ecosystem of the soil. Thus, the present review deliberated on the importance of biofertilizers from chicken feathers waste, other biowaste, and biopolymers, along with the potential of keratin and chicken feather waste hydrolysate in the agricultural industry.

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Acknowledgements

Author [SS] are thankful to Chandigarh University, Mohali, India for providing necessary infrastructure and facilities. Author [SIM] is thankful to REVA University, Bangalore, India for providing necessary infrastructure and facilities.

Funding

The author P. B. thankful  Maejo University for supporting through the Grant No.- MU.3-65-009 and International College Maejo University for supporting with the Internal Grant No.- 18302.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India

    Shreya Gupta, Swati Sharma, Amit Aich & Amit Kumar Verma

  2. Department of Microbiology, National Institute of Medical Science & Research, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Amit Kumar Verma

  3. Organic Agriculture Management, International College (MJU-IC), Maejo University, Nong Han, San Sai District, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand

    Prakash Bhuyar

  4. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, India

    Ashok Kumar Nadda

  5. Department of Biochemistry, School of Allied Health Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore, India

    Sikandar I. Mulla

  6. Department of Chemistry, ACC Wing, Indian Military Academy, Dehradun, 248007, Uttarakhand, India

    Susheel Kalia

  7. International Industry and Agriculture Innovation Research Center (IIAR), International College (MJU-IC), Maejo University, Nong Han, San Sai District, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand

    Prakash Bhuyar

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  1. Shreya Gupta
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Gupta, S., Sharma, S., Aich, A. et al. Chicken Feather Waste Hydrolysate as a Potential Biofertilizer for Environmental Sustainability in Organic Agriculture Management. Waste Biomass Valor 14, 2783–2799 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-023-02123-6

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