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Ilex paraguariensis Attenuates Changes in Mortality, Behavioral and Biochemical Parameters Associated to Methyl Malonate or Malonate Exposure in Drosophila melanogaster

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Abstract

Methylmalonic acidemia is a genetic disease characterized by accumulation of organic acids, such as methylmalonic (MMA) and malonic (MA) acids. Considering that the accumulation of MMA and MA causes several damages due to oxidative stress, antioxidants are thought to play a pivotal role in preventing deleterious effects associated with exposure to such compounds. Ilex paraguariensis (IP) was used here to test the hypothesis that supplementation with the aqueous extract of this plant could exert protective effect against MMA or MA induced mortality, behavioral and/or biochemical changes in Drosophila melanogaster (DM). Initially, a curve time- and dose–response to MMA (1–10 mM), MA (1–10 mM) and IP (63–500 μM) was performed. Thereafter, flies were concomitantly exposed to MA (5 mM), MMA (5 mM) and/or IP (250 μg/mL) during 15 days for survival assay, and for 48 hs to MA (1 or 5 mM), MMA (1 or 5 mM) and/or IP (250 μg/mL) for subsequent investigations. Both MMA and MA exposure resulted in higher incidence of mortality, a worse performance in the negative geotaxis assay and increased locomotion in open-field test as compared with control group. Furthermore, a marked increase in non-protein thiol (NPSH) and in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels, decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, and decrease in MTT and resazurin reduction were noted in MMA or MA treated groups. IP treatment offered significant protection against all alterations associated to MMA or MA exposure. This study confirm the hypothesis that supplementation with IP offers protection against changes associated to MMA or MA exposure in DM, due, at least in part, to its antioxidant effect.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. The authors are also grateful to FAPERGS, CNPq, FINEP, INCT-EN and UNIPAMPA. Additional support was given by CNPq/FAPERGS/DECIT/SCTIE-MS/PRONEM #16/2551-0000248-7, CNPq (Universal) research grant #449428/2014-1 and CNPq scholarship (#301807/2018-3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-graduação Em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal Do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Uruguaiana, Uruguaiana, RS, 97501-970, Brazil

    José Luiz Portela, Matheus Chimelo Bianchini, Murilo Ricardo Sigal Carriço, Rafael Roehrs, Marcelo Gomes de Gomes & Robson Luiz Puntel

  2. Programa de Pós-graduação Em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Departamento de Bioquímica E Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Naturais E Exatas (CCNE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil

    Aline Augusti Boligon & Félix Alexandre Antunes Soares

  3. Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan

    Waseem Hassan

  4. Universidade Federal Do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97500-970, Brazil

    Robson Luiz Puntel

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  1. José Luiz Portela
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  2. Matheus Chimelo Bianchini
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Portela, J.L., Bianchini, M.C., Boligon, A.A. et al. Ilex paraguariensis Attenuates Changes in Mortality, Behavioral and Biochemical Parameters Associated to Methyl Malonate or Malonate Exposure in Drosophila melanogaster. Neurochem Res 44, 2202–2214 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-019-02862-w

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