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Molecular cloning and in silico characterization of knottin peptide, U2-SCRTX-Lit2, from brown spider (Loxosceles intermedia) venom glands

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Abstract

Inhibitor cystine knots (ICKs) are a family of structural peptides with a large number of cysteine residues that form intramolecular disulfide bonds, resulting in a knot. These peptides are involved in a variety of biological functions including predation and defense, and are found in various species, such as spiders, scorpions, sea anemones, and plants. The Loxosceles intermedia venom gland transcriptome identified five groups of ICK peptides that represent more than 50 % of toxin-coding transcripts. Here, we describe the molecular cloning of U2-Sicaritoxin-Lit2 (U2-SCRTX-Lit2), bioinformatic characterization, structure prediction, and molecular dynamic analysis. The sequence of U2-SCRTX-Lit2 obtained from the transcriptome is similar to that of μ-Hexatoxin-Mg2, a peptide that inhibits the insect Nav channel. Bioinformatic analysis of sequences classified as ICK family members also showed a conservation of cysteine residues among ICKs from different spiders, with the three dimensional molecular model of U2-SCRTX-Lit2 similar in structure to the hexatoxin from μ-hexatoxin-Mg2a. Molecular docking experiments showed the interaction of U2-SCRTX-Lit2 to its predictable target—the Spodoptera litura voltage-gated sodium channel (SlNaVSC). After 200 ns of molecular dynamic simulation, the final structure of the complex showed stability in agreement with the experimental data. The above analysis corroborates the existence of a peptide toxin with insecticidal activity from a novel ICK family in L. intermedia venom and demonstrates that this peptide targets Nav channels.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by grants from CNPq, CAPES, Fundação Araucária-Paraná, UFABC, FAPESP. And Secretaria de Tecnologia e Ensino Superior do Paraná, SETI-PR, Brasil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Jardim das Américas, 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Gabriel Otto Meissner, Daniele Chaves-Moreira, Fernando Hitomi Matsubara, Eduardo Mendonça Soares, Dilza Trevisan-Silva, Luiza Helena Gremski, Silvio. Sanches Veiga & Olga Meiri Chaim

  2. Laboratory of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil

    Pedro Túlio de Resende Lara, Luis Paulo Barbour Scott & Antônio Sérgio Kimus Braz

  3. Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Department of Clinical Pathology, Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

    Luiza Helena Gremski

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  1. Gabriel Otto Meissner
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Highlights

• The importance of cysteine residue conservation among knottin peptide.

• Bioinformatic characterization of an ICK peptide from L. intermedia venom.

• Toxin and channel structure predictions and dynamic interactions.

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Meissner, G.O., de Resende Lara, P.T., Scott, L.P.B. et al. Molecular cloning and in silico characterization of knottin peptide, U2-SCRTX-Lit2, from brown spider (Loxosceles intermedia) venom glands. J Mol Model 22, 196 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-016-3067-0

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