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Review on observational studies of western tropical Pacific Ocean circulation and climate

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Abstract

The Western Tropical Pacific (WTP) Ocean holds the largest area of warm water (>28°C) in the world ocean referred to as the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP), which modulates the regional and global climate through strong atmospheric convection and its variability. The WTP is unique in terms of its complex 3-D ocean circulation system and intensive multiscale variability, making it crucial in the water and energy cycle of the global ocean. Great advances have been made in understanding the complexity of the WTP ocean circulation and associated climate impact by the international scientific community since the 1960s through field experiments. In this study, we review the evolving insight to the 3-D structure and multi-scale variability of the ocean circulation in the WTP and their climatic impacts based on in-situ ocean observations in the past decades, with emphasis on the achievements since 2000. The challenges and open questions remaining are reviewed as well as future plan for international study of the WTP ocean circulation and climate.

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Data Availability Statement

The mooring data are from the NPOCE program; the SST data are from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) infrared satellite provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; the ocean heat content data are from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS); the SCSSM onset time is derived from the daily wind data from the NCEP/Department of Energy Reanalysis II; the surface currents are from the satellite altimeter Ocean Surface Current Analysis Real-Time (OSCAR) estimate; the Niño 3.4 index is downloaded from http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/indices/; the tropical cyclone track are from the best track data provided by the China Meteorological Administration.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Dunxin Hu, Fan Wang, Linlin Zhang, Hui Zhou, Jianing Wang, Shijian Hu, Jing Wang, Junqiao Feng, Lingling Liu & Yixin Ma

  2. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Dunxin Hu, Fan Wang, Linlin Zhang, Hui Zhou, Jianing Wang, Shijian Hu, Jing Wang, Junqiao Feng, Lingling Liu & Yixin Ma

  3. Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266237, China

    Dunxin Hu, Fan Wang, Lixin Wu, Linlin Zhang, Hui Zhou, Jianing Wang, Shijian Hu, Jing Wang, Junqiao Feng, Lingling Liu & Yixin Ma

  4. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA

    Janet Sprintall

  5. Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China

    Lixin Wu

  6. School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-7940, USA

    Stephen Riser

  7. LEGOS, Universite de Toulouse, IRD, CNES, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, 31520, France

    Sophie Cravatte

  8. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, 10027, USA

    Arnold Gordon

  9. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Dake Chen

  10. Research and Development Center for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, 237-0061, Japan

    Kentaro Ando

  11. Ocean Circulation and Climate Research, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, 49111, Korea

    Jae-Hak Lee

  12. Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, 98195, USA

    Dongxiao Zhang

  13. Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines

    Cesar Villanoy

  14. School of Natural and Physical Sciences, University of Papua New Guinea, Portmoresby, 134, Papua New Guinea

    Chalapan Kaluwin

  15. Joint Institute for Regional Earth System Sciences and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Tangdong Qu

Authors
  1. Dunxin Hu
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  2. Fan Wang
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  3. Janet Sprintall
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  4. Lixin Wu
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  7. Arnold Gordon
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  8. Linlin Zhang
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  14. Shijian Hu
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  15. Jing Wang
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  16. Dongxiao Zhang
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  17. Junqiao Feng
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  18. Lingling Liu
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  19. Cesar Villanoy
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  20. Chalapan Kaluwin
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  21. Tangdong Qu
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  22. Yixin Ma
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Fan Wang or Linlin Zhang.

Additional information

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40890150, 41730534, 41776021), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. XDB42000000), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFA0603200), the Aoshan Science and Technology Innovation Project (No. 2016ASKJ12), and the Major Project of Science and Technology Innovation of Shandong (No. 2018SDKJ01); JS was supported by the USA National Science Foundation award 1851316

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Hu, D., Wang, F., Sprintall, J. et al. Review on observational studies of western tropical Pacific Ocean circulation and climate. J. Ocean. Limnol. 38, 906–929 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-020-0240-1

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