Reduction of the HIV Protease Inhibitor-Induced ER Stress and Inflammatory Response by Raltegravir in Macrophages
Figure 4
Effect of raltegravir on HIV PI-induced TNF-α and IL-6 expression in macrophages.
Mouse J774A.1 cells were treated with HIV PIs (lopinavir/Ritonavir, 25 µM) with or without raltegravir (25 µM) or vehicle control (DMSO) for 24 h. At the end of treatment, the culture media and cells were collected separately. The amount of TNF-α and IL-6 released into the media were analyzed by ELISA and normalized with total protein amount of viable cells and expressed as pg/µg protein. (A). TNF-α,***, p<0.001, statistical significance relative to vehicle control. #, p<0.05, statistical significance of HIV PI+raltegravir-treated group relative to HIV PI-treated group. (B). IL-6,***, p<0.001, statistical significance relative to vehicle control. ##, p<0.01, statistical significance of HIV PI+raltegravir-treated group relative to HIV PI-treated group.