Skip to main content
Log in

Fracture activity: A possible triggering mechanism for slope instabilities in the Eastern Atlantic?

  • Published:
Geo-Marine Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The largest known submarine slope instabilities occur on gently inclined slopes or in the deep sea. The sedimentation rates are mostly too low to induce an excess pore-water pressure sufficient to create failure. A possible triggering mechanism for these instabilities is additional horizontal ground acceleration caused by earthquakes. Old zones of weakness, represented by fracture zones, can be reactivated by isostatic movements and induce seismic activity. The distribution of some major slope instabilities and the trend of fracture zones in the Eastern Atlantic are compared and Fracture activity is suggested as the main triggering mechanism for these slope instabilities.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bugge T (1983) Submarine slides on the Norwegian continental margin, with special emphasis on the Storegga area. Institutt for Kontinentalsokkelundersøkelser Report No. 110, 152 pp

  2. Embley RW (1982) Anatomy of some Atlantic margin sediment slides and some comments on ages and mechanism. In: Saxov S, Nieuwenhuis JK (eds) Marine Slides and Other Mass Movements. NATO Conference Series IV: Marine Sciences, Plenum Press, New York, pp 189–213

    Google Scholar 

  3. Jacobi RJ (1976) Sediment slides on the northwestern continental margin of Africa. Marine Geology 22:157–173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Dingle RV (1977) The anatomy of a large submarine slump on a sheared continental margin (SE Africa). Journal of Geological Society of London 13:293–310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Dingle RV (1980) Large allochthonous sediment masses and their role in the construction of the continental slope and rise off southwestern Africa. Marine Geology 37:333–354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Sununerhayes CP, Bornhold BD, Embley RW (1979) Surficial slides and slumps on the continental slope of southwest Africa. Marine Geology 31:265–277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Schwarz HU (1982) Subaqueous slope failures-experiments and modern occurrences. In: Füchtbauer H, Lisitzin AP, Milliman JD, Seibold E (eds) Contributions to Sedimentology, vol. 11. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 116 pp

    Google Scholar 

  8. Prior DB, Coleman JM (1984) Submarine slope instability. In: Brunsden B, Prior DB (eds) Slope Instability. John Wiley, New York, pp 419–455

    Google Scholar 

  9. Prior DB, Coleman JM (1983) Lateral movements of sediments. Ocean Science and Engineering 8:113–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Almagor G, Wiseman G (1977) Analysis of submarine slumping in the continental slope off the southern coast of Israel. Marine Geotechnology 2:349–388

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Hampton MA, Bouma AH, Carlson PR, Molnia BF, Cluckey EC, Sangrey DA (1978) Quantitative study of slope instability in the Gulf of Alaska. Proceedings Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Paper 3314:2307–2318

    Google Scholar 

  12. Lewis KB (1971) Slumping on a continental slope inclined at 1°–4°. Sedimentology 16:97–110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Sternberg RW (1972) Predictive initial motion and bedload transport of sediment particles in the shallow marine environment. In: Swift DJ, Duane DB, Pilkey OK (eds) Shelf Sed iment Transport. Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross, Stroudsburg, PA, pp 61–82

    Google Scholar 

  14. Suhayda JN (1977) Surface waves and bottom sediment response. Marine Geotechnology 2:135–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Prior DB, Suhayda JN (1979) Submarine mudslide morphology and development mechanics. Proceedings Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Paper 3482:1055–1061

    Google Scholar 

  16. Terzaghi K (1956) Varieties of submarine slope failures. Proceedings 8th Texas Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering Conference:1–41

  17. Prior DB, Suhayda JN (1979) Application of infinite slope analysis to submarine sediment instabilities, Mississippi Delta. Engineering Geology 14:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Dunlap WA, Bryant WR, Williams GN, Suhayda JN (1979) Storm wave effects on deltaic sediments—results of SEA-SWAB I and II. Proceedings Conference on Port and Ocean Engineering under Arctic Conditions 2:889–920

    Google Scholar 

  19. Müller PJ, Suess E (1979) Productivity, sedimentation rate and sedimentary organic matter in the oceans, I:Organic carbon preservation. Deep Sea Research 26A:1347–1362

    Google Scholar 

  20. Whelan T III, Ishmael JT, Rainey GB (1978) Gassediment interaction in Mississippi Delta sediments. Proceedings Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Paper 3166:1029–1033

    Google Scholar 

  21. Morgenstern NR (1967) Submarine slumping and the initiation of turbidity currents. In Richards AF (ed) Marine geotechnique. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, pp 189–220

    Google Scholar 

  22. Sykes LR (1978) Intraplate seismicity, reactivation of preexisting zones of weakness, alkaline magnetism, and other tectonism postdating continental fragmentation. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics 4:621–688

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Stein S, Sleep NH, Geller RJ, Wang S, Krueger GC (1979) Earthquakes along the passive margin of eastern Canada. Geophysical Research Letters 6:537–540

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Ringdal F, Husebye ES, Bungum H, Mykkelweit S, Sandvin OA (1982) Earthquake hazard offshore Norway. A study for the “Safety Offshore” Committee, 64 pp

  25. Augstein E, Hempel G, Thiede J (1984) Fahrtbericht der POLARSTERN-Reise “Arktis I”, 1983. Berichte zur Polarforschung 17:1–77

    Google Scholar 

  26. Talwani M, Eldholm O (1977) Evolution of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Geological Society of America bulletin 88:969–999

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Seibold E, Hinz K (1974) Continental slope construction and deconstruction, west Africa. In: Burk CA, Drake CL (eds) The Geology of continental margins. Springer Verlag, New York, pp 179–196

    Google Scholar 

  28. Jacobi RD, Hayes DE (1982) Bathymetry, microphysiography and reflectivity characteristics on the west African margin between Sierra Leone and Marutiania. In: Von Rad U, Hinz K, Sarnthein M, Seibold E (eds) Geology of the Northwest African Continental Margin. Springer Verlag, New York, pp 182–212

    Google Scholar 

  29. Von Rad U, Wissmann G (1982) Cretaceous-Cenozoic history of the west Saharan continental margin (northwest Africa): development, destruction, and gravitational sedimentation. In: Von Rad U, Hinz K, Sarnthein M, Seibold E (eds) Geology of the Northwest African continental Margin, Springer Verlag, New York, pp 106–131

    Google Scholar 

  30. Hayes DE, Rabinowitz PD (1975) Mesozoic magnetic lineation and the magnetic quiet zone off northwest Africa. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 28:105–115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Rabinowitz PD (1976) Geophysical study of the continental margin of southern Africa. Geological Society of America Bulletin 87:1643–1653

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Holler, P. Fracture activity: A possible triggering mechanism for slope instabilities in the Eastern Atlantic?. Geo-Marine Letters 5, 211–216 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02233805

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02233805

Keywords

Navigation