Purification and characterization of membrane-bound aldehyde dehydrogenase from Acetobacter polyoxogenes sp. nov.

Summary

Membrane-bound aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) was purified from the membrane fraction of an industrial-vinegar-producing strain, Acetobacter polyoxogenes sp. nov. NBI1028 by solubilization with Triton X-100 and sodium N-lauroyl sarcosinate and subsequent column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and hydroxyapatite. The purified enzyme was homogeneos on polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis. Upon sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis, the enzyme showed the presence of two subunits with a molecular mass of 75 000 daltons and 19 000 daltons, respectively. From the absorption and fluorescence spectra, the absence of cytochrome c and the presence of pyrroloquinoline quinone in the purified enzyme were demonstrated. The ALDH preferentially oxidized aliphatic aldehyde with a straight carbon chain except for formaldehyde. The apparent K _m for acetaldehyde was 12 mM. The optimum pH and temperature were 7.0 and 50°–60°C, respectively. The enzyme remained active after storage at 4°C for 20 days. p-Chloromercuribenzoic acid and heavy metal salts such as CuSO₄ were inhibitory to the enzyme. Ferricyanide was effective as an electron acceptor.