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An operational amplifier 4-electrode impedance bridge for electrolyte measurements

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Abstract

A 4-electrode electronic half bridge which utilises solid-state operational amplifiers is described. This system, because of its extremely high input impedance, virtually eliminates the effects of a.c. electrode polarisation impedance in the measurements of the electrical properties of electrolytes. The system finds application in a.c. biological impedance spectroscopy.

Sommaire

Un demi pont électronique à 4 électrodes utilisant des amplificateurs operationnel transistorisés est décrit. Le système, à cause de son impédance d'entrée élevée, élimine pratiquement les effets d'impédance de polarisation d'électrode à courant alternatif lors de la mesure des propriétés d'électrolytes. Le système a des applications en spectroscopie d'impédance biologique à courant alternatif.

Inhaltsangabe

Eine elektronische 4-Elektroden-Halbbrücke, welche Festkörper-Operations-verstärker benutzt, wird beschrieben. Wegen seiner extrem hohen Eingangsimpedanz beseitigt das System praktisch alle Auswirkungen der Polarisationsimpedanz von Wechselspannungs-elektroden bei Messungen der elektrischen Eigenschaften von Elektrolyten. Das System wird in der biologischen Wechselspannungsimpedanz-Spektroskopie angewandt.

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References

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Author notes

  1. Donald R. Rose

    Present address: University of Colorado Medical School, Denver, Colo., USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering (Bioengineering Program), University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyo, USA

    Clifford D. Ferris & Donald R. Rose

Authors
  1. Clifford D. Ferris
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  2. Donald R. Rose
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Ferris, C.D., Rose, D.R. An operational amplifier 4-electrode impedance bridge for electrolyte measurements. Med. & biol. Engng. 10, 647–654 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02476082

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02476082

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