Summary
This study focuses on some genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation in populations of four endemic bird species (Monticola sharpei, Terpsiphone mutata, Foudia omissa, andFoudia madagascariensis) living in the understory of forests in the Réserve Spéciale d'Ambohitantely on the Central High Plateau of Madagascar. The four species differ in their dependency on forest habitats, which may be related to their migration abilities between isolated forest fragments. Genetic variation was analysed on the basis of multi-locus fingerprints in order to study the influence of migration and habitat size on the genetic variability of local populations. There was no evidence that forest fragmentation affects any of the four species with respect to genetic variability.
Zusammenfassung
Rund 53 % der Vogelarten Madagaskars sind endemisch. Viele dieser Arten sind an Waldhabitate gebunden und durch die Verinselung der madagassischen Wälder hochgradig bedroht. In dem vorliegenden Projekt wird die Auswirkung der Verinselung auf die genetische Variabilität und die genetische Differenzierung von vier endemischen Vogelarten am Beispiel des Reservats von Ambohitantely im zentralen Hochland Madagaskars untersucht. Ambohitantely beinhaltet mehr als 500 Waldfragmente von 0,64 ha bis 1250 ha. Untersucht wurden: 1. die WaldartFoudia omissa, 2.Monticola (früherPseudocossyphus)sharpei, eine Art mit starker Bevorzugung für primäre Waldlebensräume, die aber gelegentlich auch in Sekundärvegetation auftritt, sowie 3.Terpsiphone mutata und 4.Foudia madagascariensis, beides Arten, die sowohl in Wäldern als auch in offenen Landschaften vorkommen. Die unterschiedliche Abhängigkeit dieser Arten von Waldhabitaten und der damit verbundenen Möglichkeit, offene Landschaften zwischen den Waldfragmenten zu überbrücken, führte zur Frage, ob die Verinselung die genetische Vielfalt der untersuchten Populationen beeinflußt. Für die genetischen Analysen wurden Blutproben von Tieren aus drei Gebieten mit 1250 ha, 136 ha und 28 ha gesammelt. Die Proben wurden mit Multilocus-Fingerprints genetisch charakterisiert. Zum Untersuchungszeitpunkt konnte kein Einfluß der Fragmentierung auf die genetische Populationsstruktur der vier untersuchten Arten nachgewiesen werden.
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Andrianarimisa, A., Bachmann, L., Ganzhorn, J.U. et al. Effects of forest fragmentation on genetic variation in endemic understory forest birds in central Madagascar. J Ornithol 141, 152–159 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01651906
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01651906