Abstract
Meiotic and karyotypic analyses of six populations of two closely related species belonging to the section Eusideritis of the genus Sideritis (five of S. saetabensis and one of S. tragoriganum) (Lamiaceae), revealed polymorphisms for asymmetric reciprocal translocations. Two populations of S. saetabensis (S-046 and S-089) and the population of S. tragoriganum (S-056) contained heterozygotes and standard homozygotes. No homozygotes for the rearrangement (dicentric) were found. The meiotic behavior of the heterozygotes showed great stability of the dicentric chromosomes in both species due to strict control of meiosis at three levels: (1) chiasma formation, (2) multivalent coorientation at metaphase I, (3) dicentric chromatid separation at anaphase II. During mitosis there may also be strict control of dicentric chromatid separation through 100% parallel separation without interlocking. This stable polymorphism for asymmetric reciprocal translocations is a unique phenomenon that seems to be maintained by over-dominance, thus being a special case of linkage disequilibrium. We give two alternative hypotheses to explain the origin of these polymorphisms and discuss their evolutionary significance.
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Fernández-Peralta, A.M., González-Aguilera, J.J. & Sañudo, A. Polymorphisms for asymmetric reciprocal translocations in two species of the genus Sideritis L. (Lamiaceae). Chromosoma 88, 83–89 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00329506
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00329506