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Long-noncoding RNAs in basal cell carcinoma

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Tumor Biology

Abstract

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are fundamental regulators of pre- and post-transcriptional gene regulation. Over 35,000 different lncRNAs have been described with some of them being involved in cancer formation. The present study was initiated to describe differentially expressed lncRNAs in basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Patients with BCC (n = 6) were included in this study. Punch biopsies were harvested from the tumor center and nonlesional epidermal skin (NLES, control, n = 6). Microarray-based lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles were identified through screening for 30,586 lncRNAs and 26,109 protein-coding transcripts (mRNAs). The microarray data were validated by RT-PCR in a second set of BCC versus control samples. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses of mRNAs were performed to assess biologically relevant pathways. A total of 1851 lncRNAs were identified as being significantly up-regulated, whereas 2165 lncRNAs were identified as being significantly down-regulated compared to nonlesional skin (p < 0.05). Oncogenic and/or epidermis-specific lncRNAs, such as CASC15 or ANRIL, were among the differentially expressed sequences. GO analysis showed that the highest enriched GO targeted by up-regulated transcripts was “extracellular matrix.” KEGG pathway analysis showed the highest enrichment scores in “Focal adhesion.” BCC showed a significantly altered lncRNA and mRNA expression profile. Dysregulation of previously described lncRNAs may play a role in the molecular pathogenesis of BCC and should be subject of further analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44791, Bochum, Germany

    Michael Sand, Falk G. Bechara, Thilo Gambichler, Eggert Stockfleth & Schapoor Hessam

  2. Department of Plastic Surgery, St. Josef Hospital, Catholic Clinics of the Ruhr Peninsula, 45257, Essen, Germany

    Michael Sand & Michael Bromba

  3. University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Daniel Sand

  4. Department of Internal Medicine, Knappschaftskrankenhaus University of Bochum, Zentrum für Klinische Forschung, Labor für Molekulare Gastroenterologische Onkologie, 44780, Bochum, Germany

    Stephan A. Hahn

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  1. Michael Sand
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Correspondence to Michael Sand.

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All authors hereby disclose any commercial associations that may pose or create a conflict of interest with the information presented in this manuscript. The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this paper. Daniel Sand was supported by the Heed Ophthalmic Foundation.

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This study conformed to local requirements following ethical and investigational committee review, informed consent, and other statutes or regulations regarding the protection of the rights and welfare of human subjects participating in medical research (Ethical Review Board of Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany).

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Sand, M., Bechara, F.G., Sand, D. et al. Long-noncoding RNAs in basal cell carcinoma. Tumor Biol. 37, 10595–10608 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13277-016-4927-z

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