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Use of the RBANS to Evaluate Cognition in Patients with Schizophrenia and Metabolic Syndrome: a Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies

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Abstract

Schizophrenia is associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is an important risk factor for developing cognitive impairment in the general population. A few case-control studies have explored the relationship between MetS and cognitive deficits in individuals with schizophrenia but with inconsistent findings. This meta-analysis of case-control studies was carried out to explore the association between MetS and cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia. Only case-control studies assessing the association of cognitive function and MetS in patients with schizophrenia were identified. Cognitive function was assessed using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) scale. Six case-control studies (n = 992) comparing cognition between patients with schizophrenia with MetS (n = 426) and those without MetS (n = 566) using the RBANS were identified. Compared to patients with schizophrenia without MetS, patients with schizophrenia and MetS had significantly more impairments in RBANS total scores [standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.51 to −0.02; I2 = 72%; p = 0.03], immediate memory (SMD = -0.32, 95% CI: −0.54 to −0.10; I2 = 66%; p = 0.005), attention (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI: −0.56 to −0.02; I2 = 77%; p = 0.03), and delayed memory (SMD = -0.24, 95% CI: −0.46 to −0.03; I2 = 64%; p = 0.03). No group difference was found regarding visuospatial skills and language (p > 0.05). This meta-analysis found that schizophrenia patients with MetS had worse performance on certain cognitive tasks than non-MetS patients.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Liwan District of Guangzhou (202004034), Guangzhou Health Science and Technology Project (20211A011045), Guangzhou science and Technology Project of traditional Chinese Medicine and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (20211A011045), China International Medical Exchange Foundation (Z-2018-35-2002), Guangzhou Clinical Characteristic Technology Project (2019TS67), and Guangdong Hospital Association (2019ZD06). The funding sources had no role in the study design, analysis or interpretation of data or in the preparation of the report or decision to publish.

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  1. Wei Zheng, Wen-Long Jiang and Xun Zhang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Xiamen Xian Yue Hospital, Xiamen, China

    Wei Zheng & Peng-Cheng Ren

  2. The Third People’s Hospital of Daqing, Daqing, China

    Wen-Long Jiang

  3. The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou, China

    Xun Zhang, Hua-Wang Wu & Wei Zheng

  4. Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China

    Dong-Bin Cai

  5. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

    Jia-Wei Sun

  6. Harbin Medical University Daqing Campus, Daqing, China

    Fei Yin

  7. Shanghai Mental Health Center, Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, Shanghai, China

    Min Zhao

  8. Mental Health Prevention Hospital of Haidian District in Beijing, Beijing, China

    Ying-Qiang Xiang

  9. Wanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

    Wan-Nian Liang

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Zheng, W., Jiang, WL., Zhang, X. et al. Use of the RBANS to Evaluate Cognition in Patients with Schizophrenia and Metabolic Syndrome: a Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies. Psychiatr Q 93, 137–149 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-021-09889-9

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